Python 如何查找文件中十个最常见单词的频率？

我正在Python上编写一个函数，以文本文件的名称（作为字符串）作为输入。函数应该首先确定每个单词在文件中出现的次数。稍后，我将制作一个条形图，显示文件中十个最常见单词的频率，在每个条形旁边是第二个条形，其高度是Zipf定律预测的频率。我已经有了一些图形代码，但是我需要帮助在文本文件中查找最常见的单词

def zipf_graph(text_file):
    import string
    file = open(text_file, encoding = 'utf8')
    text = file.read()
    file.close()

    #the following strips and removes punctuation and makes the words lowercase
    punc = string.punctuation + '’”—⎬⎪“⎫'
    new_text = text
    for char in punc:
        new_text = new_text.replace(char,'')
        new_text = new_text.lower()
    text_split = new_text.split()

我被困在这里，我试图在列表中找到最常见的字符串，但我不确定从这里可以走到哪里，以下是我尝试的：

    words = text_split
    most_common = max(words, key = words.count)
    # print(most_common)

我还想添加下面的代码，因为有人建议这样做会有所帮助

    # Sorting a list by frequency
    # Assumes you have your elements as (word, frequency) tuples
    # (Useful for the zipf function)
    words = [('the', 1), ('and', 1), ('test',2)]
    sorted(words, key = lambda x: x[1], reverse = True)

    # "Sorting" a dictionary by frequency
    # Assumes you have your elements as word:frequency
    # (Useful for the zipf function)
    words = dict()
    words['the'] = 1
    words['and'] = 1
    words['test'] = 2

    # This returns a list of just the most common words without their frequencies
    most_common_words = sorted(words, key = words.get, reverse = True)
    # print(most_common_words)

    # We can go back to the dictionary to get the frequencies
    for word in most_common_words:
        print(word, words[word])

zipf_graph('fortune.txt') #name of the file I chose to use 

---

您可以使用nltk库：

import nltk
words = ['words', 'in', 'the', 'file']
fd = nltk.FreqDist(words)
fd.most_common(10)

将以以下格式给出值：

[('file', 1), ('words', 1), ('in', 1), ('the', 1)]

---

我建议您使用

集合

中的

计数器

从集合导入计数器
text_split=[“a”、“b”、“c”、“a”、“c”、“d”、“a”、“d”、“b”]
单词和频率=计数器（文本分割）
top=最常见的单词和频率（2）
打印（顶部）

有趣的是，这将返回所需的格式

[（“a”，3），（“b”，2）]

+1并投入使用。