Python 已解码字符串的Unicode错误？

我在连接我先前在代码中已解码的字符串时遇到问题：

import json
import requests
import jsonobject

for i in range(0, 3): #for loop to feed parameter to url params

    if i == 0:
        var = "0"
        var2 = "Home"
    elif i == 1:
        var = "1"
        var2 = "Away"
    elif i == 2:
        var = "2"
        var2 = "Overall"

    url = 'http://www.whoscored.com/StatisticsFeed/1/GetPlayerStatistics'
    params = {
            'category': 'tackles',
            'subcategory': 'success',
            'statsAccumulationType': '0',
            'isCurrent': 'true',
            'playerId': '',
            'teamIds': '',
            'matchId': '',
            'stageId': '9155',
            'tournamentOptions': '2',
            'sortBy': 'Rating',
            'sortAscending': '',
            'age': '',
            'ageComparisonType': '',
            'appearances': '',
            'appearancesComparisonType': '0',
            'field': var2, #from for loop
            'nationality': '',
            'positionOptions': "'FW','AML','AMC','AMR','ML','MC','MR','DMC','DL','DC','DR','GK','Sub'",
            'timeOfTheGameEnd': '5',
            'timeOfTheGameStart': '0',
            'isMinApp': '',
            'page': '1',
            'includeZeroValues': '',
            'numberOfPlayersToPick': '10'
            }

    headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36',
           'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
           'Host': 'www.whoscored.com',
           'Referer': 'http://www.whoscored.com/'}

        responser = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
        responser = responser.json()
        playerTableStats = responser[u'playerTableStats']

    for statDict in playerTableStats:

        mylookup = ("{name},{firstName},{lastName},{positionText},{tournamentId},{tournamentShortName},{regionCode}"
            "{tournamentRegionId},{seasonId},{seasonName},{teamName},{teamId},{playerId}"
            "{minsPlayed},{ranking},{rating:.2f},{apps},{weight:.2f},{height:.2f},{playedPositions}"
            "{isManOfTheMatch},{isOpta},{subOn},".decode('cp1252').format(**statDict)) #generates none match data about players
        print mylookup


        mykey2 = (var2)
        print mykey2

        mykey3 = {}
        #create dynamic variables and join match and none match data together
        mykey3[mykey2] = ("{challengeLost:.2f},{tackleWonTotal:.2f},{tackleTotalAttempted:.2f},".decode('cp1252').format(**statDict))
        print mykey3[mykey2]
        mykey3[mykey2] = mykey3[mykey2],'*,'
        mykey3[mykey2] = str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2]))
        mykey3[mykey2] = mylookup,mykey3[mykey2]
        mykey3[mykey2] = str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2]))
        print mykey3[mykey2]

        mykey3[mykey2] = mykey3[mykey2],'*,'
        mykey3[mykey2] = str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2]))

我得到一个错误，上面写着：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\counter.py", line 72, in <module>
    mykey3[mykey2] = str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2]))
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe0' in position 6: ordinal not in range(128)

…或：

mykey3[mykey2] = mykey3[mykey2],'*,'
mykey3[mykey2] = str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2])).decode('cp1252')

…但是，这仍然会产生相同的错误

---

有人知道我做错了什么吗？

您正在尝试以非常迂回的方式用逗号连接两个值，方法是创建一个元组，然后将元组转换回字符串。不要这样做，只需使用字符串格式

您需要使用Unicode文字，而不是解码字符串：

mykey3[mykey2] = u"{challengeLost:.2f},{tackleWonTotal:.2f},{tackleTotalAttempted:.2f},".format(**statDict)

注意字符串上的

u

前缀。实际上，在字符串文本中没有使用任何非ASCII字符，因此甚至不需要在其中声明编码

但是使用元组，然后在这些元组上使用

str（）

，会导致异常。只是根本不要在这里使用

str（）

；您尝试再次将连接在一起的Unicode字符串转换为字节字符串，然后尝试使用Unicode值将该字节字符串重新连接，然后再次转换为字节字符串，但失败：

>>> mylookup = ("{name},{firstName},{lastName},{positionText},{tournamentId},{tournamentShortName},{regionCode}"
...             "{tournamentRegionId},{seasonId},{seasonName},{teamName},{teamId},{playerId}"
...             "{minsPlayed},{ranking},{rating:.2f},{apps},{weight:.2f},{height:.2f},{playedPositions}"
...             "{isManOfTheMatch},{isOpta},{subOn},".decode('cp1252').format(**statDict))
>>> ''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2])
u'Cesc F\xe0bregas,Cesc,F\xe0bregas,Midfielder,2,EPL,es252,4311,2014/2015,Chelsea,15,8040532,5,8.09,6,74.00,175.00,-FW-MC-ML-MR-False,True,0,2.83,1.17,4.00,*,*,2.83,1.17,4.00,*,'
>>> str(''.join(mykey3[mykey2][0:2]))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe0' in position 6: ordinal not in range(128)

或者只是附加到现有字符串：

mykey3[mykey2] += u',*,'

或者只需使用one字符串格式化操作将所有数据放在一个字符串中即可：

mylookup = (
    u"{name},{firstName},{lastName},{positionText},{tournamentId},{tournamentShortName},{regionCode}"
    u"{tournamentRegionId},{seasonId},{seasonName},{teamName},{teamId},{playerId}"
    u"{minsPlayed},{ranking},{rating:.2f},{apps},{weight:.2f},{height:.2f},{playedPositions}"
    u"{isManOfTheMatch},{isOpta},{subOn},"
    u"{challengeLost:.2f},{tackleWonTotal:.2f},{tackleTotalAttempted:.2f},"
    u"*,*,".format(**statDict)
)

---

与其解码字符串文字，不如使用

u'…'

，如果任何字符串不只是ASCII，则使用a。@MartijnPieters我现在已经更正了缩进。关于你的建议，这是一个我不熟悉的领域……是否有办法对其进行编码。在字符串join语句中的某个地方进行解码以使代码工作？在你的代码中，没有任何地方可以真正提取名称。您似乎只是在输入以逗号分隔的统计数据列表（浮点数）。@MartijnPieters如果您运行上述代码，它会将一系列字符串打印到日志中……当它遇到一个名为cesc fabregas的字符串时，它会抛出一个错误，因为名称中没有ascii字符。我不确定您为什么要使用

str（）

在您创建的2值元组上。为什么不将你的统计数据格式化为只在末尾包含

*，

：

u“{challengeLost:.2f}，{tacklewonttal:.2f}，{tackletotalattent:.2f}，*，”。格式（**statict）

？

mykey3[mykey2] += u',*,'

mylookup = (
    u"{name},{firstName},{lastName},{positionText},{tournamentId},{tournamentShortName},{regionCode}"
    u"{tournamentRegionId},{seasonId},{seasonName},{teamName},{teamId},{playerId}"
    u"{minsPlayed},{ranking},{rating:.2f},{apps},{weight:.2f},{height:.2f},{playedPositions}"
    u"{isManOfTheMatch},{isOpta},{subOn},"
    u"{challengeLost:.2f},{tackleWonTotal:.2f},{tackleTotalAttempted:.2f},"
    u"*,*,".format(**statDict)
)