Python 在迭代字典时动态设置类属性（模型字段）

我试图根据字典中包含的键、值对动态定义模型的字段

我尝试了两种方法：

字典是：

NOTIFICATION_TYPES = {
    'friend_request_received': 0,
    'friend_request_accepted': 1,
    # eccetera
}

错误（由于未定义self，因此生成异常）：

显然错误较小，但不会创建模型字段：

class EmailNotification(models.Model):
    """
    User Email Notification Model
    Takes care of tracking the user's email notification preferences
    """
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, verbose_name=_('user'))

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        for key, value in NOTIFICATION_TYPES.items():
            setattr(self.__class__, key, models.BooleanField(_(key), default=True))

        super(EmailNotification, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'profile_email_notification'

---

有可能做我想做的事吗？我肯定是的

定义类后，需要设置这些额外属性：

class EmailNotification(models.Model):
    """
    User Email Notification Model
    Takes care of tracking the user's email notification preferences
    """
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, verbose_name=_('user'))

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'profile_email_notification'


for key, value in NOTIFICATION_TYPES.items():
    setattr(EmailNotification, key, models.BooleanField(_('notify new matches'), default=True))

def add_notification(cls):
    for key, value in NOTIFICATION_TYPES.items():
        setattr(cls, key, models.BooleanField(_('notify new matches'), default=True))
    return cls

@add_notification
class EmailNotification:
    # ...

可以使用将for循环包装到应用于类的函数中：

class EmailNotification(models.Model):
    """
    User Email Notification Model
    Takes care of tracking the user's email notification preferences
    """
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, verbose_name=_('user'))

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'profile_email_notification'


for key, value in NOTIFICATION_TYPES.items():
    setattr(EmailNotification, key, models.BooleanField(_('notify new matches'), default=True))

def add_notification(cls):
    for key, value in NOTIFICATION_TYPES.items():
        setattr(cls, key, models.BooleanField(_('notify new matches'), default=True))
    return cls

@add_notification
class EmailNotification:
    # ...

---

我有点担心Django元类处理想要处理这些字段，您可能需要添加额外的调用来发出

电子邮件通知。_meta

结构知道您添加的额外字段。

您可以使用类装饰器：

def add_notification(cls):
    for key in NOTIFICATION_TYPES:
        setattr(cls, key, models.BooleanField(_('notify new matches'), default=True))
    return cls

@add_notification
class EmailNotification(models.Model):
    """
    User Email Notification Model
    Takes care of tracking the user's email notification preferences
    """
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, verbose_name=_('user'))

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'profile_email_notification'

---

多亏了答案中的建议，但有一个关键的概念遗漏了

必须做两件事：

setattr(myclass, key, field)
myclass.add_to_class(key, field)

这里有一个可行的解决方案：