Python 在类实例列表中循环

我正在尝试编写一个Python脚本，该脚本将读取通过CSV文件输入的一系列载荷，并返回生成的力向量。CSV的格式为：

x,y,z,load_in_x,load_in_y,load_in_z
u,v,w,load_in_x,load_in_y,load_in_z
...

以下是脚本：

# Fastener class containing an ID, location in space, and load vector
class Fastener(object):
    """A collection of fasteners"""
    noOfFstnrs = 0
    def __init__(self,xyz,load):
        self.xyz = xyz
        self.load = load
        Fastener.noOfFstnrs += 1
        self.fastID = Fastener.noOfFstnrs

    def __repr__(self):
        return """Fastener ID: %s
Location: %s
Load: %s""" % (self.fastID, self.xyz, self.load)


# Request the mapping CSV file from the user. The format should be:
# x,y,z,load_in_x,load_in_y,load_in_z
path = input("Fastener mapping file: ")

with open(path,"r") as inputFile:
    inputLines = inputFile.readlines()

# Create a list of Fastener objects from each line in the mapping file
F = []
for line in range(len(inputLines)):
    inputLines[line] = inputLines[line].strip('\n')
    inputLines[line] = inputLines[line].split(",")
    location = [float(i) for i in inputLines[line][:3]]
    load = [float(i) for i in inputLines[line][3:]]
    F.append(Fastener(location,load))

# Function to sum all fastener loads and return the resulting linear force
# vector
def sumLin(fastenerList):
    xSum = 0
    ySum = 0
    zSum = 0
    for i in fastenerList:
        xSum += fastenerList[i].load[1]
        ySum += fastenerList[i].load[2]
        zSum += fastenerList[i].load[3]
    linVector = [xSum, ySum, zSum]
    return linVector

# Print 
print(sumLin(F))

当我运行它时，我不断得到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "bolt_group.py", line 49, in <module>
    print(sumLin(F))
  File "bolt_group.py", line 42, in sumLin
    xSum += fastenerList[i].load[1]
TypeError: list indices must be integers, not Fastener

i

是

紧固件

对象，而不是整数。因此调用

fastenerList[i]

是无效的；您应该传入一个整数。更改：

for i in fastenerList: # 'i' is a 'Fastener' object

到

---

我认为一种更具python风格的方法是迭代紧固件列表：

for fastener in fastenerList:
    xSum += fastener.load[0]
    ySum += fastener.load[1]
    zSum += fastener.load[2]

---

如果您希望代码速度非常快，可以将csv数据加载到numpy.ndarray中，并让numpy进行求和（在python中避免多个for循环），但如果速度不是那么重要，则可以使用这种方法。

可以对代码进行各种改进。正如jochen所说，直接迭代列表比使用索引更符合Python。该原则也可以应用于填充紧固件对象列表的代码

with open(path,"r") as inputFile:
    # Create a list of Fastener objects from each line in the mapping file
    F = []
    for line in inputLines:
        data = [float(i) for i in line.strip().split(",")]
        location = data[:3]
        load = data[3:]
        F.append(Fastener(location, load))

# Function to sum all fastener loads and return the resulting linear force
# vector
def sumLin(fastenerList):
    xSum = 0
    ySum = 0
    zSum = 0
    for fastener in fastenerList:
        xSum += fastener.load[0]
        ySum += fastener.load[1]
        zSum += fastener.load[2]
    linVector = [xSum, ySum, zSum]
    return linVector

但是，我们可以使用内置的

zip

函数进一步压缩

sumLin

函数：

def sumLin(fastenerList):
    loads = [fastener.load for fastener in fastenerList]
    return [sum(t) for t in zip(*loads)]

---

显然，我的代码未经测试，因为您没有向我们提供任何样本数据…

记住，索引是零基的，因此对于

紧固件
object
f
而言，您的3个载荷分别是
f.load[0]
，
f.load[1]
和
f.load[2]
。
for fastener in fastenerList:
    xSum += fastener.load[0]
    ySum += fastener.load[1]
    zSum += fastener.load[2]

with open(path,"r") as inputFile:
    # Create a list of Fastener objects from each line in the mapping file
    F = []
    for line in inputLines:
        data = [float(i) for i in line.strip().split(",")]
        location = data[:3]
        load = data[3:]
        F.append(Fastener(location, load))

# Function to sum all fastener loads and return the resulting linear force
# vector
def sumLin(fastenerList):
    xSum = 0
    ySum = 0
    zSum = 0
    for fastener in fastenerList:
        xSum += fastener.load[0]
        ySum += fastener.load[1]
        zSum += fastener.load[2]
    linVector = [xSum, ySum, zSum]
    return linVector

def sumLin(fastenerList):
    loads = [fastener.load for fastener in fastenerList]
    return [sum(t) for t in zip(*loads)]