在Python项目中设置GOOGLE_应用程序_凭据以使用GOOGLE API

我是一名编程初学者，我正在努力学习如何将GoogleAPI与

Python

结合使用

我有：

在谷歌云上创建了一个项目，并启用了我想要使用的API，

自然语言API

创建凭证并下载凭证JSON文件，将其保存为

apikey.JSON

在终端中，我运行了以下命令：export

GOOGLE\u APPLICATION\u CREDENTIALS=apikey.JSON

，没有弹出错误

但是，即使我为此运行了最简单的代码，也会出现错误，表明找不到凭证变量

我不知道现在该怎么办。请帮忙

这是我的代码：

from google.cloud import language

def sentiment_text(text):

    client = language.LanguageServiceClient()

    sentiment = client.analyze_sentiment(text).document_sentiment

    print('Score: {}'.format(sentiment.score))
    print('Magnitude: {}'.format(sentiment.magnitude))

sampletxt='Python is great'

sentiment_text(sampletxt)

> Traceback (most recent call last):   File
> "/Users/YELI1/Downloads/googlecloud/sentimentanalysis/simple.py", line
> 21, in <module>
>     sentiment_text(sampletxt)
> 
>   File
> "/Users/YELI1/Downloads/googlecloud/sentimentanalysis/simple.py", line
> 5, in sentiment_text
>     client = language.LanguageServiceClient()
> 
>   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/gapic/language/v1/language_service_client.py",
> line 147, in __init__
>     ssl_credentials=ssl_credentials)
> 
>   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/gax/grpc.py",
> line 106, in create_stub
> 
>     credentials = _grpc_google_auth.get_default_credentials(scopes)   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/gax/_grpc_google_auth.py",
> line 62, in get_default_credentials
>     credentials, _ = google.auth.default(scopes=scopes)
> 
>   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/_default.py", line
> 282, in default
> 
>     raise exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError(_HELP_MESSAGE) google.auth.exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError: Could not
> automatically determine credentials. Please set
> GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS or explicitly create credential and
> re-run the application. For more information, please see
> https://developers.google.com/accounts/docs/application-default-credentials.

我有错误：

from google.cloud import language

def sentiment_text(text):

    client = language.LanguageServiceClient()

    sentiment = client.analyze_sentiment(text).document_sentiment

    print('Score: {}'.format(sentiment.score))
    print('Magnitude: {}'.format(sentiment.magnitude))

sampletxt='Python is great'

sentiment_text(sampletxt)

> Traceback (most recent call last):   File
> "/Users/YELI1/Downloads/googlecloud/sentimentanalysis/simple.py", line
> 21, in <module>
>     sentiment_text(sampletxt)
> 
>   File
> "/Users/YELI1/Downloads/googlecloud/sentimentanalysis/simple.py", line
> 5, in sentiment_text
>     client = language.LanguageServiceClient()
> 
>   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/gapic/language/v1/language_service_client.py",
> line 147, in __init__
>     ssl_credentials=ssl_credentials)
> 
>   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/gax/grpc.py",
> line 106, in create_stub
> 
>     credentials = _grpc_google_auth.get_default_credentials(scopes)   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/gax/_grpc_google_auth.py",
> line 62, in get_default_credentials
>     credentials, _ = google.auth.default(scopes=scopes)
> 
>   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/_default.py", line
> 282, in default
> 
>     raise exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError(_HELP_MESSAGE) google.auth.exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError: Could not
> automatically determine credentials. Please set
> GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS or explicitly create credential and
> re-run the application. For more information, please see
> https://developers.google.com/accounts/docs/application-default-credentials.

---

如果您正在使用jupyter笔记本电脑，并且希望在Python代码中设置GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS环境变量：

import os
os.environ["GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"]="/path/to/file.json"

---

另一种测试方法是进入终端并键入：

# Linux/Unix
set | grep GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS 

或

---

这将显示环境变量及其所在的路径。如果这篇文章没有返回任何内容，那么您没有设置变量，或者设置了错误的路径

我知道这篇文章得到了回答，但下面是一个更简洁的方法来指定

谷歌应用程序凭据

变量

client = language.LanguageServiceClient.from_service_account_json("/path/to/file.json")

---

还有一种更简单的方法，通过明确地提及凭证并将其传递给客户机，使其工作，如下所示

import os
from google.oauth2 import service_account

credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file("your-json-path-with-filename.json")
client = language.LanguageServiceClient(credentials=credentials)

---

如果您在内存中有凭据（例如环境变量），并且不想特别为其创建文件：

from google.cloud import storage
from google.oauth2 import service_account

gcp_json_credentials_dict = json.loads(gcp_credentials_string)
credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_info(gcp_json_credentials_dict)
client = storage.Client(project=gcp_json_credentials_dict['project_id'], credentials=credentials)

---

使用python3.7和

谷歌云存储==1.35.0

我可以看到

打印（os.environ['google\u应用程序凭据]）

。代码运行“导入操作系统打印（os.environ['google\u应用程序凭据]）”输出回溯（最后一次调用）：文件“/Users/YELI1/Downloads/googlecloud/thousanalysis/simple.py”，第2行，在打印（os.environ['GOOGLE_应用程序_凭证']）文件/usr/local/cillar/python3/3.6.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/os.py中，第669行，在从None-keyrerror获得的getitem raise-KeyError（key）中：“GOOGLE_应用程序_凭证”我不知道如何正确格式化这个东西，看起来一团糟，但它似乎在说，没有“谷歌应用程序凭据”这样的密钥@stovflYes，keyrerror表示请求的环境变量未在Python脚本的环境中设置。您的问题和添加操作系统版本，Python版本。您必须从执行

导出…

的同一终端启动Python脚本。您可以通过选择此链接上的项目来生成凭据和Json文件：@marius谢谢您，即使谷歌文档也不清晰谢谢！现在也工作了。@Mim我认为“不清楚”是一个欠维度的陈述！你们将如何在生产中满足这一需求？是的，没错！这应该也在Google Translate API快速启动中，而不是一些环境变量，谢谢@sdikby！