Python版本依赖性问题-pip卸载

尝试卸载matplotlib或升级pip时出错。例如：

%pip install --upgrade pip  

下载并安装pip后，它会尝试卸载旧版本。我得到一个错误：

You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 8.0.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Collecting pip  
  Downloading pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB)  
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.2MB 506kB/s   
Installing collected packages: pip  
  Found existing installation: pip 7.1.0  
    Uninstalling pip-7.1.0:  
Exception:  
Traceback (most recent call last):  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 223, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/commands/install.py", line 299, in run
    root=options.root_path,  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_set.py", line 640, in install
    requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 726, in uninstall
    paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm)  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_uninstall.py", line 125, in remove
    renames(path, new_path)  
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 314, in renames
    shutil.move(old, new)  
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 300, in move
    rmtree(src)
  File   "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 247, in rmtree
    rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror)
  File   "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 252, in rmtree
    onerror(os.remove, fullname, sys.exc_info())  
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 250, in rmtree
    os.remove(fullname)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt'

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任何指导都将不胜感激。

试试这个：

sudopip安装——升级pip

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为什么

sudo

sudo

始终以超级用户权限（作为root用户）运行。因此，sudo能够执行一些特权任务，比如只允许根用户调用系统函数。由于您收到一个

权限被拒绝

错误，因此使用

sudo

运行相同的命令不会请求权限，因为您是root用户

这将回答问题，但是一点关于为什么要这样做的背景知识会对OP和未来的SOER有很大帮助。我仍然对pip卸载matplotlib有问题。我不认为为类似的东西做广告是个好主意。正确的方法是检查并在必要时更改安装的文件/文件夹权限。