如何使用Microsoft Visual C++；在安装带有pip的python包时生成工具？

我正试图使用

pip

在我的Python项目中安装包

netcdf4

，但是由于某些原因，

cftime

依赖项由于PEP517的问题而无法安装。完整的错误消息如下所示：

(Summer research) E:\Summer research\pythonProject>pip install "E:\Summer research\pythonProject\netCDF4-1.5.6-cp38-cp38-win32.whl"
Processing e:\summer research\pythonproject\netcdf4-1.5.6-cp38-cp38-win32.whl
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.9 in e:\summer research\lib\site-packages (from netCDF4==1.5.6) (1.20.2)
Collecting cftime
  Using cached cftime-1.5.0.tar.gz (44 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: cftime
  Building wheel for cftime (PEP 517) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'e:\summer research\scripts\python.exe' 'e:\summer research\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\in_process\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\
Users\URVIVE~1\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo004nhne'
       cwd: C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde
  Complete output (25 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win32-3.8
  creating build\lib.win32-3.8\cftime
  copying src\cftime\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\cftime
  running build_ext
  building 'cftime._cftime' extension
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src
  creating build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime

  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION "-IC
:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-0kxsw1of\overlay\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include" "-Ie:\summer research\include" "-IC:\Use
rs\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\include" "-IC:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\include" "-I
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\ATLMFC\INCLUDE" "-IC:\Program
Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\
Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\winrt" "/TcC:\Users\User\AppData\Loca
l\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime\_cftime.c" "/Fobuild\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData
\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime\_cftime.obj"
  _cftime.c
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\link.exe /nologo /INCREMENTAL:NO /LTCG /DLL /MANIFEST:EMBED,ID=2 /MANIFESTUAC:NO "/LIBPATH:
e:\summer research\libs" "/LIBPATH:C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\libs" "/LIBPATH:C:\Users\User\AppData\L
ocal\Programs\Python\Python38-32" "/LIBPATH:e:\summer research\PCbuild\win32" "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\LIB" "/LI
BPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\ATLMFC\LIB" "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.19041.0\ucrt\x86" "/L
IBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.19041.0\um\x86" /EXPORT:PyInit__cftime "build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppDat
a\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime\_cftime.obj" /OUT:build\lib.win32-3.8\cftime\_cftime.cp38-win32.pyd
 "/IMPLIB:build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a623918a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime\
_cftime.cp38-win32.lib"
  LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'build\temp.win32-3.8\Release\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-_8rj6d0c\cftime_a62391
8a367c408c9828a26ecbee7bde\src\cftime\_cftime.cp38-win32.lib'
  error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\link.exe' failed with exit status 1104
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for cftime
Failed to build cftime
ERROR: Could not build wheels for cftime which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

我已尝试查看Microsoft上的错误，到目前为止，可能的来源可能是：

路径长度过长-->我认为这不是导致问题的路径长度，因为它不超过300个字符

在64位Windows-->上运行32位软件包时，我尝试使用pip安装64位控制盘文件，但它不起作用。只有32位控制盘组件可以工作，但没有cftime

我的python版本也是正确的。如果您知道如何修复此错误，请提供帮助。非常感谢：）

试试：

C:>pip install netCDF4

或

---

看

终于解决了啊哈！！！！ 我从下载了用于cftime的非官方windows二进制文件，并将其与我的Pycharm项目（virtualenv）中的python38.exe文件放在同一目录中。然后在终端上输入：

pip install <path link to cftime .whl >

pip安装

它安装了cftime依赖项

---

在终端中，我重新尝试：

pip install netcdf4

，现在它可以下载整个软件包，因为cftime有问题的依赖项终于安装好了。

我一直在尝试：pip install netcdf4，但它一直卡在cftime依赖项的构建轮上。尝试这个：pip install cftime，您可以下载所有的软件包通过进一步挖掘问题时提到的链接的依赖性我发现PEP 517版本根本不支持控制盘。我最好的猜测是pip安装——升级pip设置工具轮子，这应该可以解决问题或使用——没有二进制文件，教程Ok会尝试并让您知道。非常感谢！

pip install <path link to cftime .whl >