python中两个程序的集成

在我想要的程序中单击“运行”时：

我的相机需要初始化

给它前面的物体拍照

检测该图片中的边缘并保存该图片

将当前图片与数据库中已有的图片进行比较

计算两张图片之间的百分比差异

以下是我的前3步代码：

import numpy as np
import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt


camera_port = 0
ramp_frames = 30
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(camera_port)
def get_image():
 retval, im = cap.read()
 return im

for i in xrange(ramp_frames):
 temp = get_image()
print("Taking image...")
# Take the actual image we want to keep
camera_capture = get_image()
file = "/Users/Me/Documents/python programs/New/test_image7.jpg"
# A nice feature of the imwrite method is that it will automatically choose the
# correct format based on the file extension you provide. Convenient!
cv2.imwrite(file, camera_capture)

# You'll want to release the camera, otherwise you won't be able to create a new
# capture object until your script exits
del(cap)

img1=cv2.imread('/Users/Me/Documents/python programs/New/test_image7.jpg',0)
#height, width, channels = img1.shape
#res = cv2.resize(img1,(width/2, height/2), interpolation = cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
#cv2.imshow('image',res)


edges = cv2.Canny(img1,100,200)
#plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img1,cmap = 'gray')
#plt.title('Original Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(edges,cmap = 'gray')
plt.title('Edge Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])

plt.show()
#plt.save('/Users/Me/Documents/python programs/New/test_image2.jpg',img1)

cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

下面是获取两个边缘图像之间差异的代码：

from itertools import izip
from PIL import Image

i1 = Image.open("pencil.png")
i2 = Image.open("eraser2.png")
assert i1.mode == i2.mode, "Different kinds of images."
assert i1.size == i2.size, "Different sizes."

pairs = izip(i1.getdata(), i2.getdata())
if len(i1.getbands()) == 1:
    # for gray-scale jpegs
    dif = sum(abs(p1-p2) for p1,p2 in pairs)
else:
    dif = sum(abs(c1-c2) for p1,p2 in pairs for c1,c2 in zip(p1,p2))

ncomponents = i1.size[0] * i1.size[1] * 3
print "Difference (percentage):", (dif / 255.0 * 100) / ncomponents

---

现在我的问题是。。。如何集成这两个程序，如何在一个程序中编写整个过程？有人能帮我吗？

当然，您只需要将所有内容嵌入函数中即可。通常不鼓励将所有内容平装成一个文件。通常，对于脚本，您更喜欢使用以下结构：

myscript.py

：

def main():
    # Your code here

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

现在，您可以使用

python myscript.py

从您最喜欢的命令行工具调用此脚本。还可以使用argparse添加一些位置参数。该结构还允许您编写单元测试。有关更多详细信息，请参阅

现在，您可以将代码格式化为：

from itertools import izip

import numpy as np
import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from PIL import Image

def take_and_save_picture(im_save):
  """Take a picture and save it

  Args:
    im_save: filepath where the image should be stored
  """
  camera_port = 0
  ramp_frames = 30
  cap = cv2.VideoCapture(camera_port)
  def get_image():
   retval, im = cap.read()
   return im

  for i in xrange(ramp_frames):
   temp = get_image()

  print("Taking image...")
  # Take the actual image we want to keep
  camera_capture = get_image()

  im_save_tmp = im_save + '.tmp'

  # A nice feature of the imwrite method is that it will automatically choose the
  # correct format based on the file extension you provide. Convenient!
  cv2.imwrite(im_save_tmp, camera_capture)

  # You'll want to release the camera, otherwise you won't be able to create a new
  # capture object until your script exits
  del(cap)

  img1 = cv2.imread(im_save_tmp, 0)

  edges = cv2.Canny(img1, 100, 200)
  cv2.imwrite(im_save, edges)
  cv2.waitKey(0)
  cv2.destroyAllWindows()

def compute_edges_diff(im1, im2):
  """Compute edges diff between to image files.

  Args:
    im1: filepath to the first image
    im2: filepath to the second image

  Returns:
    float: percentage of difference between images
  """

  i1 = Image.open(im1)
  i2 = Image.open(im2)
  assert i1.mode == i2.mode, "Different kinds of images."
  assert i1.size == i2.size, "Different sizes."

  pairs = izip(i1.getdata(), i2.getdata())
  if len(i1.getbands()) == 1:
      # for gray-scale jpegs
      dif = sum(abs(p1-p2) for p1,p2 in pairs)
  else:
      dif = sum(abs(c1-c2) for p1,p2 in pairs for c1,c2 in zip(p1,p2))

  ncomponents = i1.size[0] * i1.size[1] * 3
  diff = (dif / 255.0 * 100) / ncomponents
  return diff

def main():
  capture_img = 'path_to_the_future_captured_img.jpg'
  img_to_compare = 'the_image_used_for_scoring.jpg'
  take_and_save_picture(capture_img)
  diff = compute_edges_diff(im1, im2)
  print "Difference (percentage):", diff

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

如您所见，我将一些变量移到了函数参数中，以便可以在一个位置调用/设置它们。我修改了你的函数，让它稍微拍照，这样中间的临时jpeg文件就有了不同的名称。您还可以直接从函数计算图像之间的差异，这很好

最后几点意见：

• 这允许您对功能进行单元测试。使用内置框架和

  mock

  库替换对cv2的调用。[函数]
• 我很想把

  get_image

  移出函数，但我很懒

---

非常感谢您抽出时间回答我的问题，。。。。这一切都很顺利。。。关于这一点，我还有几个问题。。能给我你的邮箱号吗？我可以把它寄给你吗？我修改了你给的代码，它工作了。。。现在我需要知道如何将当前图像与数据库中的10个其他图像进行比较，并给我差异最小的文件。。。我试着使用这个循环，但它不起作用。。对于范围（10100）中的no_file1:template=cv2.imread（'numbers1/{no_file}.jpg'。格式（no_file=no_file1），0）“不工作”非常模糊，但是如果有10个图像，为什么不使用范围（10）而不是范围（10100）？。。。。我需要我的代码将当前图像与特定文件夹中的10个图像进行比较。。。如果一个文件中有10张图片，而现在只捕获了一张图片。。。我需要系统将捕获的图像与该特定文件夹中的所有10个图像进行比较，并将差异百分比最小的图像带给我。。。。如何做到这一点？使用

for

循环迭代10幅图像的名称，并对每幅图像运行

compute\u edges\u diff

。跟踪哪张图片给你的分数是最低还是最高，并输出这张图片。