Python 如何修复'；TypeError:应为字符串或字节，如object'；在Django上使用带枕头的Amazon S3时

我正在尝试将一张通过Pillow编辑的图片上传到AmazonS3–我已经完成了所有的设置，但它似乎不起作用

这是我的模型：

import uuid
import qrcode
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
from django.core.files import File


BOOL_CHOICES = ((True, 'Attended'), (False, 'Absent'))

class Person(models.Model):
    userid = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=True)
    first_Name = models.CharField(default=" ", max_length=50)
    last_Name = models.CharField(default=" ", max_length=50)
    email = models.EmailField()
    number_of_Guests = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
    url_link = models.CharField(default=' ', max_length=200)
    qr_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='qrcodes', default='default.jpg')
    attended = models.BooleanField(default = False, choices=BOOL_CHOICES)

    def __str__(self):
        return (self.first_Name + " " + self.last_Name + " " + str(self.userid))

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.url_link = "mywebsite.com/" + str(self.userid)
        img = qrcode.make(self.url_link)
        canvas = Image.new('RGB', (500, 500), 'white')
        canvas.paste(img)
        blob = BytesIO()
        canvas.save(blob, 'JPEG')

        self.qr_image.save('qr-' + str(self.userid) + '.jpg', File(blob))
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

回溯：

Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/tickets/

Django Version: 2.2.6
Python Version: 3.6.5
Installed Applications:
['event.apps.EventConfig',
 'tickets.apps.TicketsConfig',
 'crispy_forms',
 'django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'paypal.standard.ipn',
 'storages']
Installed Middleware:
('whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware')



Traceback:

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
  34.             response = get_response(request)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  115.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  113.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/Users/koheisanno/galanighttassel/tickets/views.py" in buy
  74.             form.save()

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in save
  458.             self.instance.save()

File "/Users/koheisanno/galanighttassel/event/models.py" in save
  39.         self.qr_image.save('qr-' + str(self.userid) + '.jpg', File(blob))

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/files.py" in save
  87.         self.name = self.storage.save(name, content, max_length=self.field.max_length)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py" in save
  51.         name = self.get_available_name(name, max_length=max_length)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/storages/backends/s3boto3.py" in get_available_name
  620.         return super(S3Boto3Storage, self).get_available_name(name, max_length)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py" in get_available_name
  75.         while self.exists(name) or (max_length and len(name) > max_length):

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/storages/backends/s3boto3.py" in exists
  520.             self.connection.meta.client.head_object(Bucket=self.bucket_name, Key=name)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _api_call
  357.             return self._make_api_call(operation_name, kwargs)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _make_api_call
  634.             api_params, operation_model, context=request_context)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _convert_to_request_dict
  680.             api_params, operation_model, context)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _emit_api_params
  712.             params=api_params, model=operation_model, context=context)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/hooks.py" in emit
  356.         return self._emitter.emit(aliased_event_name, **kwargs)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/hooks.py" in emit
  228.         return self._emit(event_name, kwargs)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/hooks.py" in _emit
  211.             response = handler(**kwargs)

File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/handlers.py" in validate_bucket_name
  219.     if VALID_BUCKET.search(bucket) is None:

Exception Type: TypeError at /tickets/
Exception Value: expected string or bytes-like object

也许这不是枕头的问题，因为它说它找不到有效的桶？我已经多次检查我的bucket名称是否输入正确

---

谢谢

bucket名称是什么？您确定bucket存在吗？bucket名为“Tasselsagala”-我创建了它，并通过env变量进行设置。为什么要用文件包装blob？尝试直接使用blob。当我直接使用它时，会出现最大的递归错误。请参阅

从缓冲区将\u上载到\u s3\u

中的bucket名称是什么，您确定该bucket存在吗？该bucket称为“tasselsasgala”-我创建了它，并通过env变量进行设置。为什么要用文件包装blob？尝试直接使用blob。当我直接使用它时，会出现最大递归错误。请参阅