Python 如何从PySide访问QML\QtQuick控件？

我试图从python文件访问FileDialog控件，该文件启动QQmlApplication引擎以检索文件路径属性。我已经在.qml文件中设置了一个信号，但是我无法通过python文件中的id访问文件对话框来设置插槽。application.py中的findChild方法返回None。代码如下：

application.py

import sys
from PySide2.QtGui import QGuiApplication
from PySide2.QtQml import QQmlApplicationEngine, QQmlFileSelector

sys_argv = sys.argv
sys_argv += ['--style', 'material']
app = QGuiApplication(sys_argv)

window = QQmlApplicationEngine()
window.load("QML/main.qml")

fileDialog = window.findChild(QQmlFileSelector, "fileDialog")
print(fileDialog)

app.exec_()

第1.qml页

import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Dialogs 1.2

Page {
    width: 600
    height: 400

    header: Label {
        text: qsTr("Prepare Data")
        horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
        font.pixelSize: Qt.application.font.pixelSize * 2
        padding: 10
    }

    Button {
        text: qsTr("Load data")
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        onClicked: fileDialog.visible = true
        padding: 10
    }

    signal folderSelected()

    FileDialog {
        id: fileDialog
        selectFolder: true
        title: qsTr("Select the data directory")
        folder: shortcuts.home
        onAccepted: {
            parent.folderSelected()
        }
    }
}

main.qml

import QtQuick 2.0
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls.Material 2.12

ApplicationWindow{
    visible: true
    title: qsTr("Main window")
    width: 1000
    height: 800

    Material.theme: Material.Light
    Material.accent: Material.Orange

    SwipeView {
        id: swipeView
        anchors.fill: parent

        Page1 {
        }

        Page2 {
        }

        Page3 {
        }

    }
}

在推动对QML的引用如何从QML更新某些python对象一节中的解释中，该方法是Qt推荐的方法，也是现在应该使用的方法。使用当前的方法，您需要建立一个在许多情况下可能有问题的objectname

所以解决方案是创建一个QObject，我们导出到QML并更新qproperty，这将发出一个信号，我们连接到一个插槽，在那里我们可以执行我们想要的逻辑。另一方面，FileDialog返回url，因此属性必须是QUrl：

main.qml

import os
import sys
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtGui, QtQml

class FileManager(QtCore.QObject):
    file_url_Changed = QtCore.Signal(QtCore.QUrl)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(FileManager, self).__init__(parent)
        self._file_url = QtCore.QUrl()

    def get_file_url(self):
        return self._file_url

    def set_file_url(self, file_url):
        if self._file_url != file_url:
            self._file_url = file_url
            self.file_url_Changed.emit(self._file_url)

    file_url = QtCore.Property(QtCore.QUrl, fget=get_file_url, fset=set_file_url, notify=file_url_Changed)

@QtCore.Slot(QtCore.QUrl)
def on_file_url_changed(file_url):
    print(file_url.toLocalFile())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv += ['--style', 'material']
    app = QtGui.QGuiApplication(sys.argv)

    file_manager = FileManager()
    file_manager.file_url_Changed.connect(on_file_url_changed)

    engine = QtQml.QQmlApplicationEngine()
    engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("file_manager", file_manager)
    file = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "QML", "main.qml")
    engine.load(QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(file))
    if not engine.rootObjects():
        sys.exit(-1)
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Dialogs 1.2

Page {
    width: 600
    height: 400

    header: Label {
        text: qsTr("Prepare Data")
        horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
        font.pixelSize: Qt.application.font.pixelSize * 2
        padding: 10
    }

    Button {
        text: qsTr("Load data")
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        onClicked: fileDialog.visible = true
        padding: 10
    }

    FileDialog {
        id: fileDialog
        selectFolder: true
        title: qsTr("Select the data directory")
        folder: shortcuts.home
        onAccepted: {
            file_manager.file_url = fileDialog.fileUrl // <---
        }
    }
}

Page1.qml

import os
import sys
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtGui, QtQml

class FileManager(QtCore.QObject):
    file_url_Changed = QtCore.Signal(QtCore.QUrl)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(FileManager, self).__init__(parent)
        self._file_url = QtCore.QUrl()

    def get_file_url(self):
        return self._file_url

    def set_file_url(self, file_url):
        if self._file_url != file_url:
            self._file_url = file_url
            self.file_url_Changed.emit(self._file_url)

    file_url = QtCore.Property(QtCore.QUrl, fget=get_file_url, fset=set_file_url, notify=file_url_Changed)

@QtCore.Slot(QtCore.QUrl)
def on_file_url_changed(file_url):
    print(file_url.toLocalFile())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv += ['--style', 'material']
    app = QtGui.QGuiApplication(sys.argv)

    file_manager = FileManager()
    file_manager.file_url_Changed.connect(on_file_url_changed)

    engine = QtQml.QQmlApplicationEngine()
    engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("file_manager", file_manager)
    file = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "QML", "main.qml")
    engine.load(QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(file))
    if not engine.rootObjects():
        sys.exit(-1)
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Dialogs 1.2

Page {
    width: 600
    height: 400

    header: Label {
        text: qsTr("Prepare Data")
        horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
        font.pixelSize: Qt.application.font.pixelSize * 2
        padding: 10
    }

    Button {
        text: qsTr("Load data")
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        onClicked: fileDialog.visible = true
        padding: 10
    }

    FileDialog {
        id: fileDialog
        selectFolder: true
        title: qsTr("Select the data directory")
        folder: shortcuts.home
        onAccepted: {
            file_manager.file_url = fileDialog.fileUrl // <---
        }
    }
}

导入QtQuick 2.9
导入QtQuick.Controls 2.2
导入QtQuick.Dialogs 1.2
页面{
宽度：600
身高：400
标题：标签{
文本：qsTr（“准备数据”）
水平对齐：Text.AlignHCenter
font.pixelSize:Qt.application.font.pixelSize*2
填充：10
}
钮扣{
文本：qsTr（“加载数据”）
anchors.centerIn:父对象
onClicked:fileDialog.visible=true
填充：10
}
文件对话框{
id:fileDialog
selectFolder:true
标题：qsTr（“选择数据目录”）
文件夹：shortcuts.home
不接受：{
file\u manager.file\u url=fileDialog.fileUrl//谢谢，效果很好！但是，例如，如何将其转换为整个表单？是否必须创建一个新的QObject，然后将其设置为表单中每个组件的上下文属性？@dkalev否，FileManager可以有其他QProperty，因此您只能使用单个对象