Python Mock:assert_调用_once_，以numpy数组作为参数

我有一个类中的方法，我想使用Python 3.4使用

unittest

框架测试它。我更喜欢使用

Mock

作为要测试的类的对象，正如Daniel Arbuckle的学习Python测试中所解释的那样

问题

这就是我要做的：

class Test_set_initial_clustering_rand(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.sut = Mock()

    def test_gw_01(self):
        self.sut.seed = 1
        ClustererKmeans.set_initial_clustering_rand(self.sut, N_clusters=1, N_persons=6)
        e = np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
        self.sut.set_clustering.assert_called_once_with(e)

这将检查函数

set\u clustering

是否使用预期参数调用一次。框架尝试使用

actual\u arg==expected\u arg

比较这两个参数。但是，如果参数是numpy数组，则会出现错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/.../UT_ClustererKmeans.py", line 184, in test_gw_01
    self.sut.set_clustering.assert_called_once_with(e)
  File "/Users/.../anaconda/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 782, in assert_called_once_with
    return self.assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/.../anaconda/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 769, in assert_called_with
    if expected != actual:
  File "/Users/.../anaconda/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 2001, in __ne__
    return not self.__eq__(other)
  File "/Users/.../anaconda/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 1997, in __eq__
    return (other_args, other_kwargs) == (self_args, self_kwargs)
ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all()

比较numpy阵列的方式不同，但比较是在unittest框架内进行的。解决这个问题的最佳方法是什么

解决方案1

我找到了以下解决方案，希望在这里与大家分享，并希望得到反馈

class Test_set_initial_clustering_rand(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        '''
        This class tests the method set_initial_clustering_rand,
        which makes use of the function set_clustering. For the
        sut is concerned, all that set_clustering has to do is
        to store the value of the input clustering. Therefore,
        this is mocked here.
        '''
        self.sut = Mock()
        self.sut.seed = 1
        def mock_set_clustering(input_clustering):
            self.sut.clustering = input_clustering
        self.sut.set_clustering.side_effect = mock_set_clustering

    def test_gw_01(self):
        ClustererKmeans.set_initial_clustering_rand(self.sut, N_clusters=1, N_persons=6)
        r = self.sut.clustering
        e = np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
        TestUtils.equal_np_matrix(self, r, e, 'clustering')

---

您可以通过

call_args

访问

Mock（）的被调用参数，并通过
np.testing.assert_array_equal
比较两个numpy数组，如和中所述

def test_gw_01(self):
    m = Mock()
    ClustererKmeans.set_initial_clustering_rand(m, N_clusters=1, N_persons=6)
    self.assertTrue(m.set_clustering)
    np.testing.assert_array_equal(np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]),m.set_clustering.call_args[0][0])