Python-遍历多个字典及其键_Python_Dictionary

Python-遍历多个字典及其键

python dictionary

Python-遍历多个字典及其键,python,dictionary,Python,Dictionary,我正在尝试创建一个程序，用户可以在其中输入多个彩票号码，并将这些号码与一组中奖号码进行比较。我知道我可以通过使用几个if语句来实现，但我认为必须有一种方法在循环中实现这一点。我尝试了一些使用“for key in_u__;”的循环，但我一直收到错误 amount=int（输入（'您有多少组数字？'））票证={} ticketMatch={} WiningNumber={ '1': '1', '2': '2', '3': '3', '4': '4', '5': '5', '6': '6', }

我正在尝试创建一个程序，用户可以在其中输入多个彩票号码，并将这些号码与一组中奖号码进行比较。我知道我可以通过使用几个if语句来实现，但我认为必须有一种方法在循环中实现这一点。我尝试了一些使用“for key in_u__;”的循环，但我一直收到错误

amount=int（输入（'您有多少组数字？'））
票证={}
ticketMatch={}
WiningNumber={
'1': '1',
'2': '2',
'3': '3',
'4': '4',
'5': '5',
'6': '6',
}
对于范围内的i（0，金额，1）：
票[i]={
“1”：输入（“输入#1”），
“2”：输入（“输入#2”），
“3”：输入（“输入#3”），
“4”：输入（“输入#4”），
“5”：输入（“输入#5”），
“6”：输入（“输入Powerball”），
}
对于范围内的i（0，len（票证），1）：
ticketMatch[i]=0
如果winingNumbers.values（）中的票证[i]['1']：
ticketMatch[i]+=1
如果winingNumbers.values（）中的票证[i]['2']：
ticketMatch[i]+=1

如有任何提示或提示，将不胜感激。谢谢

遍历任何字典都非常简单。假设我们有以下词典：

amount = int(input('How many sets of numbers do you have?'))
winingNumbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
tickets = [set() for _ in range(amount)]
ticketMatch = []


for i in range(amount):
    for j in range(6):
        if j == 5:
            tickets[i].add(int(input("Input Powerball ")))
        else:
            tickets[i].add(int(input("Input #" + str(j + 1) + " ")))

for i in range(amount):
    ticketMatch.append(len(tickets[i] & winingNumbers))

d={
“a”：1，
“z”：26
}

我们想打印出键及其值

对于d中的键：#注意，键代表“a”和“z”
打印（键，d[键]）

然而，对于您试图实现的目标，可能根本不需要使用字典，就像@ggorlen评论的那样

我想出了一个快速的表演来做同样的事情

query=“输入彩票号码或“退出”退出：”
条目=输入（查询）
数字=[]
当输入时！=“退出”：
数字。追加（条目）
条目=输入（查询）
中奖号码=“123456”
对于范围内的i（len（数字））：
如果数字[i]==中奖数字：
打印（f“票{i}是赢家！”）

我不知道你为什么要把每张彩票的1号和2号与中奖总人数进行对比，因为这不是普通彩票的工作方式，这就是为什么我的版本看起来有点不同，但当然，如果它是你想要的，你可以很容易地进行更改。

遍历任何字典都是非常简单的。假设我们有以下词典：

d={
“a”：1，
“z”：26
}

我们想打印出键及其值

对于d中的键：#注意，键代表“a”和“z”
打印（键，d[键]）

然而，对于您试图实现的目标，可能根本不需要使用字典，就像@ggorlen评论的那样

我想出了一个快速的表演来做同样的事情

query=“输入彩票号码或“退出”退出：”
条目=输入（查询）
数字=[]
当输入时！=“退出”：
数字。追加（条目）
条目=输入（查询）
中奖号码=“123456”
对于范围内的i（len（数字））：
如果数字[i]==中奖数字：
打印（f“票{i}是赢家！”）

我不知道你为什么要将每张彩票的1号和2号与总中奖号码进行对比，因为这不是普通彩票的工作方式，这就是为什么我的版本看起来有点不同，但当然，如果这是你想要的，你可以很容易地进行更改。

只有当您有一个键并通过它存储一个值时，字典才有意义。访问键的值并检查键是否是字典的一部分是快速的（
```
O（1）
```
）-迭代
```
dict
```
的所有值与
```
列表
```
一样慢-但是创建字典比创建
```
列表
```
慢，并且占用更多的计算机内存
使用
```
set
```
操作避免使用
```
if的
```
级联-示例见下文

使用

split（）

和列表分解

*a，b=[1,2,3,4]

可以更快地在循环中输入：

for _ in range(int(input("How many tickets do you want to enter? "))):
    *nums, power = map(int, 
         input( ("Input space seperated numbers of your ticket,"
                 " last one is Powerball: ") ).strip().split())
    print(nums, power)

输出：

How many tickets do you want to enter? 3
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 1 2 3 4 99
    [1, 2, 3, 4] 99
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 2 3 4 7 199
    [2, 3, 4, 7] 199
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 4 2 4 5 6
    [4, 2, 4, 5] 6

Winner:  14 49 26 27 60    Powerball:  6

You got [49] correct and guessed [21, 41, 59, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [60] correct and guessed [17, 19, 63, 68] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [10, 21, 51, 67, 69] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [18, 30, 40, 45, 52] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [26, 27] correct and guessed [11, 37, 58] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [28, 33, 38, 59, 65] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [11, 18, 35, 61, 64] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [2, 3, 47, 54, 63] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [14] correct and guessed [23, 25, 58, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [27] correct and guessed [47, 52, 56, 58] wrong. Powerball: correct.

（尽管对于根本不输入NUMEBR或输入的NUMEBR太少/超出范围的用户，可能需要进行更多检查：）

对于乐透比较，可以使用

set

-操作快速检查带有一组（）数字的“彩票”列表中的正确数字

检查车票列表将是

O（n）

（使用

==车票数量）-检查号码是否与中奖号码匹配很快：

O（1）

，并避免

如果..

您可以这样做（完全随机示例）：

输出：

How many tickets do you want to enter? 3
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 1 2 3 4 99
    [1, 2, 3, 4] 99
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 2 3 4 7 199
    [2, 3, 4, 7] 199
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 4 2 4 5 6
    [4, 2, 4, 5] 6

Winner:  14 49 26 27 60    Powerball:  6

You got [49] correct and guessed [21, 41, 59, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [60] correct and guessed [17, 19, 63, 68] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [10, 21, 51, 67, 69] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [18, 30, 40, 45, 52] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [26, 27] correct and guessed [11, 37, 58] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [28, 33, 38, 59, 65] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [11, 18, 35, 61, 64] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [2, 3, 47, 54, 63] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [14] correct and guessed [23, 25, 58, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [27] correct and guessed [47, 52, 56, 58] wrong. Powerball: correct.

见：

只有当您有一个键并通过它存储一个值时，字典才有意义。访问键的值并检查键是否是字典的一部分是快速的（
```
O（1）
```
）-迭代
```
dict
```
的所有值与
```
列表
```
一样慢-但是创建字典比创建
```
列表
```
慢，并且占用更多的计算机内存
使用
```
set
```
操作避免使用
```
if的
```
级联-示例见下文

split（）

*a，b=[1,2,3,4]

for _ in range(int(input("How many tickets do you want to enter? "))):
    *nums, power = map(int, 
         input( ("Input space seperated numbers of your ticket,"
                 " last one is Powerball: ") ).strip().split())
    print(nums, power)

How many tickets do you want to enter? 3
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 1 2 3 4 99
    [1, 2, 3, 4] 99
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 2 3 4 7 199
    [2, 3, 4, 7] 199
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 4 2 4 5 6
    [4, 2, 4, 5] 6

Winner:  14 49 26 27 60    Powerball:  6

You got [49] correct and guessed [21, 41, 59, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [60] correct and guessed [17, 19, 63, 68] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [10, 21, 51, 67, 69] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [18, 30, 40, 45, 52] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [26, 27] correct and guessed [11, 37, 58] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [28, 33, 38, 59, 65] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [11, 18, 35, 61, 64] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [2, 3, 47, 54, 63] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [14] correct and guessed [23, 25, 58, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [27] correct and guessed [47, 52, 56, 58] wrong. Powerball: correct.

set

O（n）

O（1）

如果..

How many tickets do you want to enter? 3
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 1 2 3 4 99
    [1, 2, 3, 4] 99
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 2 3 4 7 199
    [2, 3, 4, 7] 199
Input space seperated numbers of your ticket, last one is Powerball: 4 2 4 5 6
    [4, 2, 4, 5] 6

Winner:  14 49 26 27 60    Powerball:  6

You got [49] correct and guessed [21, 41, 59, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [60] correct and guessed [17, 19, 63, 68] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [10, 21, 51, 67, 69] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [18, 30, 40, 45, 52] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [26, 27] correct and guessed [11, 37, 58] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [28, 33, 38, 59, 65] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [11, 18, 35, 61, 64] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got 'nothing' correct and guessed [2, 3, 47, 54, 63] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [14] correct and guessed [23, 25, 58, 66] wrong. Powerball: wrong.
You got [27] correct and guessed [47, 52, 56, 58] wrong. Powerball: correct.

value