Python VirtualEnvironment：在创建虚拟环境时预装软件包
我在终端上使用命令Python VirtualEnvironment：在创建虚拟环境时预装软件包,python,python-3.x,pip,virtualenv,Python,Python 3.x,Pip,Virtualenv,我在终端上使用命令virtualenv env创建了一个虚拟环境。在激活虚拟环境后使用pip freeze>requirements.txt时，我预装了一堆软件包 这里是requirements.txt： appdirs==1.4.3 CacheControl==0.12.6 certifi==2019.11.28 chardet==3.0.4 colorama==0.4.3 contextlib2==0.6.0 distlib==0.3.0 发行版==1.4.0 html5lib==1.0.1
virtualenv envpip freeze>requirements.txtrequirements.txtappdirs==1.4.3
CacheControl==0.12.6
certifi==2019.11.28
chardet==3.0.4
colorama==0.4.3
contextlib2==0.6.0
distlib==0.3.0
发行版==1.4.0
html5lib==1.0.1
idna==2.8
ipaddr==2.2.0
lockfile==0.12.2
msgpack==0.6.2
包装==20.3
pep517==0.8.2
进度==1.5
pyparsing==2.4.6
pytoml==0.1.21
请求==2.22.0
重试==1.3.3
六=1.14.0
urllib3==1.25.8
网络编码==0.5.1
virtualenv env以297ms的速度创建了虚拟环境CPython3.7.5.final.0-64
创建者CPython3Posix（dest=/home/techmirtz/projects/Django/apps/polls/env，clear=False，global=False）
来自APPDATA的播种机（下载=False，pkg_resources=latest，requests=latest，setuptools=latest，wheel=latest，CacheControl=latest，chardet=latest，webencodings=latest，certifi=latest，distlib=latest，idna=latest，colorama=latest，distro=latest，progress=latest，msgpack=latest，pep517=latest，appdirs=latest，urllib3=latest，pip=latest，html5lib=latest，pyparsing=latest），contextlib2=latest，six=latest，lockfile=latest，packaging=latest，pytoml=latest，retrying=latest，ipaddr=latest，via=copy，app\u data\u dir=/home/techmirtz/.local/share/virtualenv/seed-app-data/v1.0.1.debian）
激活剂BashActivator，CShellActivator，FishActivator，PowerShellActivator，PythonacActivator，XonshaActivator
source env/bin/activateconda list# packages in environment at /home/techmirtz/anaconda3:
#
# Name Version Build Channel
_anaconda_depends 2019.03 py37_0
_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf 0.1.0 py37_0
_libgcc_mutex 0.1 main
alabaster 0.7.12 py37_0
anaconda custom py37_1
anaconda-client 1.7.2 py37_0
anaconda-navigator 1.9.7 py37_0
anaconda-project 0.8.3 py_0
anyqt 0.0.10 py37_0
asn1crypto 0.24.0 py37_0
astroid 2.2.5 py37_0
astropy 3.2.1 py37h7b6447c_0
atomicwrites 1.3.0 py37_1
attrs 19.1.0 py37_1
babel 2.7.0 py_0
backcall 0.1.0 py37_0
backports 1.0 py_2
backports.functools_lru_cache 1.5 py_2
backports.os 0.1.1 py37_0
backports.shutil_get_terminal_size 1.0.0 py37_2
backports.tempfile 1.0 py_1
backports.weakref 1.0.post1 py_1
beautifulsoup4 4.7.1 py37_1
bitarray 0.9.3 py37h7b6447c_0
bkcharts 0.2 py37_0
blas 1.0 mkl
bleach 3.1.0 py37_0
blosc 1.16.3 hd408876_0
bokeh 1.2.0 py37_0
boto 2.49.0 py37_0
bottleneck 1.2.1 py37h035aef0_1
bzip2 1.0.8 h7b6447c_0
ca-certificates 2020.1.1 0
cairo 1.14.12 h8948797_3
certifi 2020.4.5.1 py37_0
cffi 1.12.3 py37h2e261b9_0
chardet 3.0.4 py37_1
click 7.0 py37_0
cloudpickle 1.2.1 py_0
clyent 1.2.2 py37_1
colorama 0.4.1 py37_0
conda 4.8.3 py37_0
conda-build 3.18.8 py37_0
conda-env 2.6.0 1
conda-package-handling 1.3.11 py37_0
conda-verify 3.4.2 py_1
contextlib2 0.5.5 py37_0
cryptography 2.7 py37h1ba5d50_0
curl 7.65.2 hbc83047_0
cycler 0.10.0 py37_0
cython 0.29.12 py37he6710b0_0
cytoolz 0.10.0 py37h7b6447c_0
dask 2.1.0 py_0
dask-core 2.1.0 py_0
dbus 1.13.6 h746ee38_0
decorator 4.4.0 py37_1
defusedxml 0.6.0 py_0
distributed 2.1.0 py_0
docutils 0.14 py37_0
entrypoints 0.3 py37_0
et_xmlfile 1.0.1 py37_0
expat 2.2.6 he6710b0_0
fastcache 1.1.0 py37h7b6447c_0
filelock 3.0.12 py_0
flask 1.1.1 py_0
fontconfig 2.13.0 h9420a91_0
freetype 2.9.1 h8a8886c_1
fribidi 1.0.5 h7b6447c_0
future 0.17.1 py37_0
get_terminal_size 1.0.0 haa9412d_0
gevent 1.4.0 py37h7b6447c_0
glib 2.56.2 hd408876_0
glob2 0.7 py_0
gmp 6.1.2 h6c8ec71_1
gmpy2 2.0.8 py37h10f8cd9_2
graphite2 1.3.13 h23475e2_0
graphviz 2.40.1 h21bd128_2 anaconda
greenlet 0.4.15 py37h7b6447c_0
gst-plugins-base 1.14.0 hbbd80ab_1
gstreamer 1.14.0 hb453b48_1
h5py 2.9.0 py37h7918eee_0
harfbuzz 1.8.8 hffaf4a1_0
hdf5 1.10.4 hb1b8bf9_0
heapdict 1.0.0 py37_2
html5lib 1.0.1 py37_0
icu 58.2 h9c2bf20_1
idna 2.8 py37_0
imageio 2.5.0 py37_0
imagesize 1.1.0 py37_0
importlib_metadata 0.17 py37_1
intel-openmp 2019.4 243
ipykernel 5.1.1 py37h39e3cac_0
ipython 7.6.1 py37h39e3cac_0
ipython_genutils 0.2.0 py37_0
ipywidgets 7.5.0 py_0
isort 4.3.21 py37_0
itsdangerous 1.1.0 py37_0
jbig 2.1 hdba287a_0
jdcal 1.4.1 py_0
jedi 0.13.3 py37_0
jeepney 0.4 py37_0
jinja2 2.10.1 py37_0
joblib 0.13.2 py37_0
jpeg 9b h024ee3a_2
json5 0.8.4 py_0
jsonschema 3.0.1 py37_0
jupyter 1.0.0 py37_7
jupyter_client 5.3.1 py_0
jupyter_console 6.0.0 py37_0
jupyter_core 4.5.0 py_0
jupyterlab 1.0.2 py37hf63ae98_0
jupyterlab_server 1.0.0 py_0
keyring 18.0.0 py37_0
kiwisolver 1.1.0 py37he6710b0_0
krb5 1.16.1 h173b8e3_7
lazy-object-proxy 1.4.1 py37h7b6447c_0
libarchive 3.3.3 h5d8350f_5
libcurl 7.65.2 h20c2e04_0
libedit 3.1.20181209 hc058e9b_0
libffi 3.2.1 hd88cf55_4
libgcc-ng 9.1.0 hdf63c60_0
libgfortran-ng 7.3.0 hdf63c60_0
liblief 0.9.0 h7725739_2
libpng 1.6.37 hbc83047_0
libsodium 1.0.16 h1bed415_0
libssh2 1.8.2 h1ba5d50_0
libstdcxx-ng 9.1.0 hdf63c60_0
libtiff 4.0.10 h2733197_2
libtool 2.4.6 h7b6447c_5
libuuid 1.0.3 h1bed415_2
libxcb 1.13 h1bed415_1
libxml2 2.9.9 hea5a465_1
libxslt 1.1.33 h7d1a2b0_0
llvmlite 0.29.0 py37hd408876_0
locket 0.2.0 py37_1
lxml 4.3.4 py37hefd8a0e_0
lz4-c 1.8.1.2 h14c3975_0
lzo 2.10 h49e0be7_2
markupsafe 1.1.1 py37h7b6447c_0
matplotlib 3.1.0 py37h5429711_0
mccabe 0.6.1 py37_1
mistune 0.8.4 py37h7b6447c_0
mkl 2019.4 243
mkl-service 2.0.2 py37h7b6447c_0
mkl_fft 1.0.12 py37ha843d7b_0
mkl_random 1.0.2 py37hd81dba3_0
mock 3.0.5 py37_0
more-itertools 7.0.0 py37_0
mpc 1.1.0 h10f8cd9_1
mpfr 4.0.1 hdf1c602_3
mpmath 1.1.0 py37_0
msgpack-python 0.6.1 py37hfd86e86_1
multipledispatch 0.6.0 py37_0
navigator-updater 0.2.1 py37_0
nbconvert 5.5.0 py_0
nbformat 4.4.0 py37_0
ncurses 6.1 he6710b0_1
networkx 2.3 py_0
nltk 3.4.4 py37_0
nose 1.3.7 py37_2
notebook 6.0.0 py37_0
numba 0.44.1 py37h962f231_0
numexpr 2.6.9 py37h9e4a6bb_0
numpy 1.16.4 py37h7e9f1db_0
numpy-base 1.16.4 py37hde5b4d6_0
numpydoc 0.9.1 py_0
olefile 0.46 py37_0
openpyxl 2.6.2 py_0
openssl 1.1.1g h7b6447c_0
packaging 19.0 py37_0
pandas 0.24.2 py37he6710b0_0
pandoc 2.2.3.2 0
pandocfilters 1.4.2 py37_1
pango 1.42.4 h049681c_0
parso 0.5.0 py_0
partd 1.0.0 py_0
patchelf 0.9 he6710b0_3
path.py 12.0.1 py_0
pathlib2 2.3.4 py37_0
patsy 0.5.1 py37_0
pcre 8.43 he6710b0_0
pep8 1.7.1 py37_0
pexpect 4.7.0 py37_0
pickleshare 0.7.5 py37_0
pillow 6.1.0 py37h34e0f95_0
pip 19.1.1 py37_0
pixman 0.38.0 h7b6447c_0
pkginfo 1.5.0.1 py37_0
pluggy 0.12.0 py_0
ply 3.11 py37_0
prometheus_client 0.7.1 py_0
prompt_toolkit 2.0.9 py37_0
psutil 5.6.3 py37h7b6447c_0
ptyprocess 0.6.0 py37_0
py 1.8.0 py37_0
py-lief 0.9.0 py37h7725739_2
pycodestyle 2.5.0 py37_0
pycosat 0.6.3 py37h14c3975_0
pycparser 2.19 py37_0
pycrypto 2.6.1 py37h14c3975_9
pycurl 7.43.0.3 py37h1ba5d50_0
pyflakes 2.1.1 py37_0
pygments 2.4.2 py_0
pylint 2.3.1 py37_0
pyodbc 4.0.26 py37he6710b0_0
pyopenssl 19.0.0 py37_0
pyparsing 2.4.0 py_0
pyqt 5.9.2 py37h05f1152_2
pyqtgraph 0.10.0 py37h28b3542_3
pyrsistent 0.14.11 py37h7b6447c_0
pysocks 1.7.0 py37_0
pytables 3.5.2 py37h71ec239_1
pytest 5.0.1 py37_0
pytest-arraydiff 0.3 py37h39e3cac_0
pytest-astropy 0.5.0 py37_0
pytest-doctestplus 0.3.0 py37_0
pytest-openfiles 0.3.2 py37_0
pytest-remotedata 0.3.1 py37_0
python 3.7.3 h0371630_0
python-dateutil 2.8.0 py37_0
python-graphviz 0.10.1 py_0
python-libarchive-c 2.8 py37_11
pytz 2019.1 py_0
pywavelets 1.0.3 py37hdd07704_1
pyyaml 5.1.1 py37h7b6447c_0
pyzmq 18.0.0 py37he6710b0_0
qt 5.9.7 h5867ecd_1
qtawesome 0.5.7 py37_1
qtconsole 4.5.1 py_0
qtpy 1.8.0 py_0
readline 7.0 h7b6447c_5
requests 2.22.0 py37_0
rope 0.14.0 py_0
ruamel_yaml 0.15.46 py37h14c3975_0
scikit-image 0.15.0 py37he6710b0_0
scikit-learn 0.21.2 py37hd81dba3_0
scipy 1.3.0 py37h7c811a0_0
seaborn 0.9.0 py37_0
secretstorage 3.1.1 py37_0
send2trash 1.5.0 py37_0
setuptools 41.0.1 py37_0
simplegeneric 0.8.1 py37_2
singledispatch 3.4.0.3 py37_0
sip 4.19.8 py37hf484d3e_0
six 1.12.0 py37_0
snappy 1.1.7 hbae5bb6_3
snowballstemmer 1.9.0 py_0
sortedcollections 1.1.2 py37_0
sortedcontainers 2.1.0 py37_0
soupsieve 1.8 py37_0
sphinx 2.1.2 py_0
sphinxcontrib 1.0 py37_1
sphinxcontrib-applehelp 1.0.1 py_0
sphinxcontrib-devhelp 1.0.1 py_0
sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp 1.0.2 py_0
sphinxcontrib-jsmath 1.0.1 py_0
sphinxcontrib-qthelp 1.0.2 py_0
sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml 1.1.3 py_0
sphinxcontrib-websupport 1.1.2 py_0
spyder 3.3.6 py37_0
spyder-kernels 0.5.1 py37_0
sqlalchemy 1.3.5 py37h7b6447c_0
sqlite 3.29.0 h7b6447c_0
statsmodels 0.10.0 py37hdd07704_0
sympy 1.4 py37_0
tbb 2019.4 hfd86e86_0
tblib 1.4.0 py_0
terminado 0.8.2 py37_0
testpath 0.4.2 py37_0
tk 8.6.8 hbc83047_0
toolz 0.10.0 py_0
tornado 6.0.3 py37h7b6447c_0
tqdm 4.32.1 py_0
traitlets 4.3.2 py37_0
unicodecsv 0.14.1 py37_0
unixodbc 2.3.7 h14c3975_0
urllib3 1.24.2 py37_0
wcwidth 0.1.7 py37_0
webencodings 0.5.1 py37_1
werkzeug 0.15.4 py_0
wheel 0.33.4 py37_0
widgetsnbextension 3.5.0 py37_0
wrapt 1.11.2 py37h7b6447c_0
wurlitzer 1.0.2 py37_0
xlrd 1.2.0 py37_0
xlsxwriter 1.1.8 py_0
xlwt 1.3.0 py37_0
xz 5.2.4 h14c3975_4
yaml 0.1.7 had09818_2
zeromq 4.3.1 he6710b0_3
zict 1.0.0 py_0
zipp 0.5.1 py_0
zlib 1.2.11 h7b6447c_3
zstd 1.3.7 h0b5b093_0
我也遇到了同样的问题。新的虚拟环境中安装了许多不需要的软件包，尽管其中一些软件包我甚至没有在系统python或任何虚拟环境中安装。起初我假设这一定是一些本地配置错误，但安装的软件包列表完全相同所有这些都是您列出的，因此这很可能是
virtualenvappdirs==1.4.3
CacheControl==0.12.6
certifi==2019.11.28
chardet==3.0.4
colorama==0.4.3
contextlib2==0.6.0
distlib==0.3.0
distro==1.4.0
html5lib==1.0.1
idna==2.8
ipaddr==2.2.0
lockfile==0.12.2
msgpack==0.6.2
packaging==20.3
pep517==0.8.2
progress==1.5
pyparsing==2.4.6
pytoml==0.1.21
requests==2.22.0
retrying==1.3.3
six==1.14.0
urllib3==1.25.8
webencodings==0.5.1
~/.local/share/virtualenv/seed-app-data/v1.0.1.debian/3.8/wheelspython3 virtualenv/focal，focal，现在是20.0.17-1 allpython3-m-venv路径/to/venv（您需要先运行
sudo apt get install python3-venvvirtualenvappdirs==1.4.3
CacheControl==0.12.6
certifi==2019.11.28
chardet==3.0.4
colorama==0.4.3
contextlib2==0.6.0
distlib==0.3.0
distro==1.4.0
html5lib==1.0.1
idna==2.8
ipaddr==2.2.0
lockfile==0.12.2
msgpack==0.6.2
packaging==20.3
pep517==0.8.2
progress==1.5
pyparsing==2.4.6
pytoml==0.1.21
requests==2.22.0
retrying==1.3.3
six==1.14.0
urllib3==1.25.8
webencodings==0.5.1
~/.local/share/virtualenv/seed-app-data/v1.0.1.debian/3.8/wheelspython3 virtualenv/focal，focal，现在是20.0.17-1 allpython3-m-venv路径/to/venv（您需要先运行
sudo apt get install python3-venvconda listconda listrequirements.txtconda listpip freezeconda listconda listconda listrequirements.txtconda listpip freeze