MacOS上R中的软件包安装失败

我尝试在R Studio中安装两个软件包：tidyverse和quantmod。然而，两者都给了我错误，我不明白为什么（谷歌搜索无助于理解这个问题）

对于整洁的诗句，我得到：

> install.packages("tidyverse")
also installing the dependency ‘xml2’


  There are binary versions available but the source versions are later:
          binary source needs_compilation
xml2       1.1.1  1.2.0              TRUE
tidyverse  1.1.1  1.2.1             FALSE

Do you want to install from sources the package which needs compilation?
y/n: y
installing the source packages ‘xml2’, ‘tidyverse’

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/xml2_1.2.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 251614 bytes (245 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 245 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/tidyverse_1.2.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 61647 bytes (60 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 60 KB

* installing *source* package ‘xml2’ ...
** package ‘xml2’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Found pkg-config cflags and libs!
Using PKG_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include/libxml2
Using PKG_LIBS=-L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lpthread -licucore -lm
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libxml-2.0 was not found. Try installing:
 * deb: libxml2-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
 * rpm: libxml2-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
 * csw: libxml2_dev (Solaris)
If libxml-2.0 is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libxml-2.0.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘xml2’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/xml2’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘xml2’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘xml2’ is not available for package ‘tidyverse’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/tidyverse’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘tidyverse’ had non-zero exit status

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/private/var/folders/rs/dj94tlfj263dzp30z6kvqb5m0000gn/T/RtmpH2BAQU/downloaded_packages’

对于quantmod，我还得到两个错误：

make: gfortran-4.8: No such file or directory
make: *** [period.max.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘xts’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/xts’
* restoring previous ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/xts’

make: gfortran-4.8: No such file or directory
make: *** [movingAverages.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘TTR’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/TTR’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘TTR’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘TTR’ is not available for package ‘quantmod’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/quantmod’

---

我想这可能与我的道路有关，但我没有足够的经验让它发挥作用

通过卸载通过自制安装的所有R版本，我解决了这一问题：

brew uninstall --force r

---

然后从CRAN重新安装。

我遇到了同样的问题。 我最终通过引用解决了这个问题

首先，在的指示下手动安装lxml2，但在安装时出错：

。。。
mkdir:/usr/include:不允许操作
...

然后将前缀更改为：

/configure--prefix=/usr/local--disable static--with history&&make
sudo制作安装

---

然后再次安装R软件包“xml2”并确定。

您是否尝试过：

brew安装libxml2

？（假设您使用的是

自制
）它对tidyverse有效！实际上，出于某种原因，我首先必须运行“xcode select--install”，然后使用您建议的命令。非常感谢。然而，对于您需要的gfortran包QuantMod来说，这似乎是一个不同的问题：您还需要libcurl。你应该考虑从CLAN安装二进制文件，而不是使用自制程序，它安装了一个过时的版本。我刚刚安装了GoFrTRAN 6.1，但它似乎解决不了这个问题，而且我也有同样的错误。我不明白这里发生了什么我要试试，我使用的是R studio，我应该卸载Rstudio吗？不，Rstudio只是一个IDE（集成开发环境），但不是R本身。R需要单独安装在您的系统上，在MacOS上，建议使用CRAN安装，因为自制的安装可能会使事情发生意外。如果您仍然存在gfortran问题，则可能值得查看另一个问题（&A）答案这里是我的：只需删除一个RStudio配置文件就可以解决这个问题。您建议的命令解决了我在quantmod和tidyverse上遇到的两个问题！非常感谢。