R 替换并删除行名称中的部分字符串

我想删除数据框中的一部分行名。我想删除与下面grepl中定义的字符串不匹配的所有内容，并将其替换为后面定义的字符串。有人知道吗

df[grepl(".*lncRNA.*|.*snRNA.*|.*snoRNA.*|.*precursor_RNA.*", rownames(df))] <- c("lncRNA","snRNA","snoRNA","precursor_RNA")



head(rownames(df))

[3208] "URS000075AF9C-snoRNA_GTATGTGTGGACAGCACTGAGACTGAGTCT"                
[3209] "URS000075B029-snRNA_AACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTTTTTGAGGCCTTGTTCCGACA"    
[3210] "URS000075B029-snRNA_ATTTCCGTGGAGAGGAACAACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTT"      
[3211] "URS000075B0E3-lncRNA_GTAAGGGGCAGTAAG"                               
[3212] "URS000075B261-precursor_RNA_CTTTCTATGCTCCTGTTCTGC"                  
[3213] "URS000075B2ED-lncRNA_CACTCAGGACCCACC"

我们可以使用gsub从字符串的开始^处匹配一个或多个非-[^-]+字符，后跟一个或|一个或多个非下划线[^ |]+字符，直到字符串$结束，并用空格替换

如果我们在行名上这样做

gsub("^[^-]+-|_[^_]+$", "", rownames(df))

数据

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欢迎来到StackOverflow！你给了我们一些输入和输出的例子，但是请考虑提供一个让我们更容易帮助你的方法。 在您的情况下，我认为您可以使用sub，捕获中间部分，并在替换中使用\1

x <- c("URS000075AF9C-snoRNA_GTATGTGTGGACAGCACTGAGACTGAGTCT",                
"URS000075B029-snRNA_AACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTTTTTGAGGCCTTGTTCCGACA",    
"URS000075B029-snRNA_ATTTCCGTGGAGAGGAACAACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTT",      
"URS000075B0E3-lncRNA_GTAAGGGGCAGTAAG",                               
"URS000075B261-precursor_RNA_CTTTCTATGCTCCTGTTCTGC",                  
"URS000075B2ED-lncRNA_CACTCAGGACCCACC")

# replace the string with the captured group (ie regex in brackets) 
gsub("^.*(lncRNA|snRNA|snoRNA|precursor_RNA).*$", "\\1", x)
# [1] "snoRNA"        "snRNA"         "snRNA"         "lncRNA"       
# [5] "precursor_RNA" "lncRNA"   

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但是，行名必须是唯一的，因此您可能需要将结果存储在数据框的一列中，或者您可以使用make.unique使其唯一，但我认为将结果保存为数据框中的一列会更有意义。

为什么为负feedback@csgillespie谢谢我注意到你和另一张海报已经提到了这一点。所以，我想这就足够了。

gsub("^[^-]+-|_[^_]+$", "", rownames(df))

v1 <- c("URS000075AF9C-snoRNA_GTATGTGTGGACAGCACTGAGACTGAGTCT",
  "URS000075B029-snRNA_AACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTTTTTGAGGCCTTGTTCCGACA", 
"URS000075B029-snRNA_ATTTCCGTGGAGAGGAACAACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTT", 
"URS000075B0E3-lncRNA_GTAAGGGGCAGTAAG", 
"URS000075B261-precursor_RNA_CTTTCTATGCTCCTGTTCTGC", 
"URS000075B2ED-lncRNA_CACTCAGGACCCACC")

x <- c("URS000075AF9C-snoRNA_GTATGTGTGGACAGCACTGAGACTGAGTCT",                
"URS000075B029-snRNA_AACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTTTTTGAGGCCTTGTTCCGACA",    
"URS000075B029-snRNA_ATTTCCGTGGAGAGGAACAACTCTGAGTCTTAAGCTAATTT",      
"URS000075B0E3-lncRNA_GTAAGGGGCAGTAAG",                               
"URS000075B261-precursor_RNA_CTTTCTATGCTCCTGTTCTGC",                  
"URS000075B2ED-lncRNA_CACTCAGGACCCACC")

# replace the string with the captured group (ie regex in brackets) 
gsub("^.*(lncRNA|snRNA|snoRNA|precursor_RNA).*$", "\\1", x)
# [1] "snoRNA"        "snRNA"         "snRNA"         "lncRNA"       
# [5] "precursor_RNA" "lncRNA"