R ggplot2，拼图-被相邻地块边缘遮挡的轴标题部分

我有两张折线图，一张叠在另一张下面，用“拼凑”的方法。我想为堆栈添加一个通用的y轴标题，因此我在两个折线图的上部添加了y轴标签。堆叠后，我发现，y轴标签的下部被下部折线图的边距遮挡（如下图中的绿色和黄色绘图背景所示）。下面是代码和结果

# data
x<- 1:256
x
y<- runif(256, 0, 10)
y

data <- data.frame(x,y)
head(data)

# lc1
# Geom properties
lc1<- ggplot(data, aes(x=x, y=y)) + 
  geom_line()

# Scale
lc1<- lc1 +
  expand_limits(x = 0, y = 0) +
  scale_x_continuous(
    expand = c(0, 0),
    breaks = c(0, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256),
    label = NULL
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),
                     breaks = c(0, 5, 10))

# Aspect ratio
lc1 <- lc1 + theme(aspect.ratio = 0.15)

# Panel properties
lc1 <- lc1 +
  theme(panel.background = element_blank()) +
  theme(
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
    legend.position = "none"
  )

# Axes lines, ticks, axis text
lc1 <- lc1 +
  theme(
    axis.line.x = element_line (colour = "grey", size = 0.5),
    axis.line.y = element_line(colour = "black", size = 0.5),
    axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
    axis.ticks.y = element_line(colour = "black", size = 0.5),
    axis.ticks.length = unit(.15, "cm")
  ) +
  theme(
    axis.text.y = element_text(
      color = "black",
      face = "plain",
      size = 6,
      margin = margin(
        t = 0,
        r = 2,
        b = 0,
        l = 0
      ),
      angle = 0,
      vjust = 0,
      hjust = 0
    )
  )

# Title, caption, axes labels 
lc1<- lc1 + 
  ylab(label = "Y-axis label (unit)") +
  theme(axis.title.x = element_text(
    color = "black",
    size = 10,
    face = "bold",
    hjust = 0
  ))

# Plot margins
lc1 <- lc1 +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(-0.55,0,-0.53,0), "cm"))

# plot background
lc1<- lc1 + theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "green"))

lc1




# lc2
# Geom properties
lc2<- ggplot(data, aes(x=x, y=y)) + 
  geom_line()

# Scale
lc2<- lc2 +
  expand_limits(x = 0, y = 0) +
  scale_x_continuous(
    expand = c(0, 0),
    breaks = c(0, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256),
    label = NULL
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),
                     breaks = c(0, 5, 10))

# Aspect ratio
lc2 <- lc2 + theme(aspect.ratio = 0.15)

# Panel properties
lc2 <- lc2 +
  theme(panel.background = element_blank()) +
  theme(
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
    legend.position = "none"
  )

# Axes lines, ticks, axis text
lc2 <- lc2 +
  theme(
    axis.line.x = element_line (colour = "grey", size = 0.5),
    axis.line.y = element_line(colour = "black", size = 0.5),
    axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
    axis.ticks.y = element_line(colour = "black", size = 0.5),
    axis.ticks.length = unit(.15, "cm")
  ) +
  theme(
    axis.text.y = element_text(
      color = "black",
      face = "plain",
      size = 6,
      margin = margin(
        t = 0,
        r = 2,
        b = 0,
        l = 0
      ),
      angle = 0,
      vjust = 0,
      hjust = 0
    )
  )

# Title, caption, axes labels 
lc2<- lc2 + 
  ylab(label = "") +
  theme(axis.title.x = element_text(
    color = "black",
    size = 10,
    face = "bold",
    hjust = 0.5
  ))

# Plot margins
lc2 <- lc2 +
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(-0.55,0,-0.53,0), "cm"))

# plot background
lc2<- lc2 + theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "yellow"))

lc2

# stacking
library(patchwork)

p<- (lc1/lc2)
p

#数据
x您只需设置组合图的标题（而不是
lc1
或
lc2
）。您需要为
lc1
和
lc2
设置空白y标签，就像您为
lc2
所做的那样（例如
ylab（label=”“）
）

p <- (lc1/lc2) + ylab(label = "Y-axis label (unit)")

p我在下面回答了您的问题，但我只是想在您似乎正在学习R时添加一个注释。通常，最好在脚本开始时加载所有包（例如
library（patchwork）
），这会给您一些额外的样式点；）。坚持下去！你做得很好！：）谢谢μ介子；我一定会记住你的宝贵建议！回答得很好@Muon，你知道如何在两个图之间居中放置ylab吗？@derekcoran你可以使用
hjust
或
vjust
移动文本元素。尝试将此添加到绘图中<代码>+主题（axis.title.y=元素\文本（hjust=-4））