Ruby on rails FactoryGirl:：create投掷命名错误：未定义的方法'stringify_keys'；

我在我的工厂里有以下几点：

factory :ffsupervisor, class: Supervisor do
 first_name    "ffsupervisor" 
 email         "ffsupervisor@abc.com"
 password      "123456"
 type          "Supervisor"
 association :agency, name: "FFAgency", full_fee: "2.0", partial_fee: "1.0", agency_type: "Fulfilment"
end

我能够使用Rails控制台中的

FactoryGirl:：create（：ffsupervisor）

在我的数据库中构建并保存Supervisor的实例。当我尝试在我的功能规格中做同样的事情时，我最终得到：

NoMethodError：未定义的方法“stringify_keys”

关于这个问题，我在SO中研究了很多问题。我还没能弄清楚我错过了什么。这方面的任何进展都会很好。蒂亚

编辑： 这是我得到的堆栈跟踪：

1) Workflow order_item lifecycle.
 Failure/Error: @supervisor= FactoryGirl::create(:ffsupervisor) # Creates both agency & supervisor.
 NoMethodError:
   undefined method `stringify_keys' for #<Supervisor:0x0000000baa9410>
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activemodel-4.0.0/lib/active_model/attribute_methods.rb:436:in `method_missing'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb:131:in `method_missing'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb:17:in `assign_attributes'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/core.rb:192:in `initialize'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.3.0/lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb:47:in `initialize'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:27:in `new'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:27:in `new'
 # ./app/mailers/synup_mailer.rb:13:in `confirmation_instructions'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:189:in `process_action'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:373:in `_run__1572042514373682743__process_action__callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:136:in `process'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:44:in `process'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionmailer-4.0.0/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:503:in `process'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionmailer-4.0.0/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:497:in `initialize'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_mailer.rb:121:in `new'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_mailer.rb:121:in `actual_message'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_mailer.rb:97:in `initialize'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_mailer.rb:40:in `new'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_mailer.rb:40:in `method_missing'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.3.0/lib/devise/models/authenticatable.rb:173:in `send_devise_notification'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.3.0/lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb:102:in `send_confirmation_instructions'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.3.0/lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb:158:in `send_on_create_confirmation_instructions'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:397:in `_run__462299154380556768__create__callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:303:in `create_record'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/timestamp.rb:57:in `create_record'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:466:in `create_or_update'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:299:in `block in create_or_update'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:393:in `_run__462299154380556768__save__callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:299:in `create_or_update'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:128:in `save!'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/validations.rb:57:in `save!'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:41:in `save!'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:275:in `block in save!'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:326:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/ar_after_transaction-0.4.0/lib/ar_after_transaction.rb:19:in `block in transaction_with_after'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:202:in `block in transaction'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:210:in `within_new_transaction'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:202:in `transaction'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:209:in `transaction'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/ar_after_transaction-0.4.0/lib/ar_after_transaction.rb:17:in `transaction_with_after'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:323:in `with_transaction_returning_status'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:275:in `save!'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/configuration.rb:14:in `block in initialize'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/evaluation.rb:15:in `[]'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/evaluation.rb:15:in `create'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy/create.rb:12:in `block in result'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy/create.rb:9:in `tap'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy/create.rb:9:in `result'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/factory.rb:42:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:23:in `block in run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:22:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/factory_girl-4.2.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy_syntax_method_registrar.rb:19:in `block in define_singular_strategy_method'
 # ./spec/features/workflow_spec.rb:39:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:114:in `instance_eval'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:114:in `block in run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:179:in `call'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:179:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/extensions/instance_eval_with_args.rb:16:in `instance_exec'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/extensions/instance_eval_with_args.rb:16:in `instance_eval_with_args'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:247:in `instance_eval_with_args'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:87:in `block (2 levels) in run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:89:in `call'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:89:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:418:in `run_hook'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:329:in `run_around_each_hooks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:256:in `with_around_each_hooks'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:111:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:390:in `block in run_examples'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:386:in `map'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:386:in `run_examples'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:371:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:28:in `block (2 levels) in run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:28:in `map'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:28:in `block in run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/reporter.rb:34:in `report'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:25:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
 # /home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'

1）工作流订单\u项目生命周期。
失败/错误：@supervisor=FactoryGirl:：create（：ffsupervisor）#创建代理和主管。
命名错误：
未定义的方法“stringify_key”#
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activemodel-4.0.0/lib/active\u model/attribute\u methods.rb:436:in'method\u missing'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/attribute\u methods.rb:131:in'method\u missing'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/attribute\u assignment.rb:17:in“assign\u attributes”
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/core.rb:192:在“初始化”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/designe-3.3.0/lib/designe/models/confirmable.rb:47:在“初始化”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/heritance.rb:27:in“new”
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/heritance.rb:27:in“new”
#/app/mailers/synup\u mailer.rb:13:in“确认说明”
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract\u controller/base.rb:189:在“过程”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract\u controller/callbacks.rb:18:在“进程中的块”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u-support/callbacks.rb:373:in`_-run\u 157204514373682743\u-process\u-action\u-callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:80:in'run\u callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract\u controller/callbacks.rb:17:进程中的动作
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract\u controller/base.rb:136:在“进程”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.0/lib/abstract\u controller/rendering.rb:44:在“进程”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionmailer-4.0.0/lib/action\u mailer/base.rb:503:在“进程”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionmailer-4.0.0/lib/action\u mailer/base.rb:497:in'initialize'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_-mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_-mailer.rb:121:in'new'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_-mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_-mailer.rb:121:在“实际消息”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_-mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_-mailer.rb:97:在“初始化”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque_-mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque_-mailer.rb:40:in'new'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/resque\u-mailer-2.2.6/lib/resque\u-mailer.rb:40:in'method\u missing'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/designe-3.3.0/lib/designe/models/authenticable.rb:173:in“发送设备通知”
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/designe-3.3.0/lib/designe/models/confirmable.rb:102:在“发送确认说明”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/designe-3.3.0/lib/designe/models/confirmable.rb:158:在“发送确认说明”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u-support/callbacks.rb:397:in`_-run\u 462299154380556768\u-create\u-callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:80:in'run\u callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/callbacks.rb:303:in'create\u record'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/timestamp.rb:57:in“create\u record”
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/persistence.rb:466:在“创建或更新”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/callbacks.rb:299:in`block in create\u或\u update'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:393:in`_run\u 462299154380556768\u save\u callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:80:in'run\u callbacks'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/callbacks.rb:299:在“创建或更新”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/persistence.rb:128:in'save！'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/validations.rb:57:in'save！'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/attribute\u methods/dirty.rb:41:in'save！'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:275:in`block in save！'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:326:in`block in with\u transaction\u returning\u status'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/ar\u after\u transaction-0.4.0/lib/ar\u after\u transaction.rb:19:in`block in transaction\u with\u after'
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:202:在“事务中的块”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:210:在“内部新事务”中
#/home/ananth/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:202:在“事务”中
#/家/