Ruby on rails Nokogiri XML使用attibute名称进行散列

我是rails新手，我希望将来自Pubmed Eutil API的XML解析为具有我想要的属性的散列。以下是我到目前为止的情况：

def pubmed_search
new
if params[:search_terms].present?
  require 'nokogiri'
  require 'open-uri'
  @search_terms = params[:search_terms].split.join("+")
  uid_url = "http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term="+@search_terms    
  uid_doc = Nokogiri::HTML(open(uid_url)) 
  @uid = uid_doc.xpath("//id").map {|uid| uid.text}.join(",")
  detail_url = "http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id="+@uid
  detail_doc = Nokogiri::HTML(open(detail_url))
  @details = @detail_doc.xpath("//item[@name='Title']|//item[@name='FullJournalName']|//item[@name='Author']").map{|article| 
    article.text}
  render :new
else    
  render :new
end

这给了我想要的值（作者、标题、期刊名称），但它在一个巨大的数组中出现，没有像这样的属性名称：

["Keshmiri-Neghab H", "Goliaei B", "Nikoofar A", "Gossypol enhances radiation induced autophagy in glioblastoma multiforme.", "General physiology and biophysics", "Alzahrani EO", "Asiri A", "El-Dessoky MM", "Kuang Y", "Quiescence as an explanation of Gompertzian tumor growth revisited.", "Mathematical biosciences", "Neofytou M", "Tanos V", "Constantinou I", "Kyriacou E", "Pattichis M", "Pattichis C", "Computer Aided Diagnosis in Hysteroscopic Imaging.", "IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics", "Lou Q", "Ji L", "Zhong W", "Li S", "Yu S", "Li Z", "Meng X", "Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Naphthalimide Derived N-Mustards.", "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)", "Sesang W", "Punyanitya S", "Pitchuanchom S", "Udomputtimekakul P", "Nuntasaen N", "Banjerdpongchai R", "Wudtiwai B", "Pompimon W", "Cytotoxic Aporphine Alkaloids from Leaves and Twigs of Pseuduvaria trimera (Craib).", "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)", "Yang XK", "Xu MY", "Xu GS", "Zhang YL", "Xu ZX", "In Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Activity of Scutebarbatine A on Human Lung Carcinoma A549 Cell Lines.", "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)", "Yang CY", "Lu RH", "Lin CH", "Jen CH", "Tung CY", "Yang SH", "Lin JK", "Jiang JK", "Lin CH", "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility and Loss of Heterozygosity in a Taiwanese Population.", "PloS one", "Zhang H", "Gu L", "Liu T", "Chiang KY", "Zhou M", "Inhibition of MDM2 by Nilotinib Contributes to Cytotoxicity in Both Philadelphia-Positive and Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.", "PloS one", "Oliveira A", "Pinho D", "Albino-Teixeira A", "Medeiros R", "Dinis-Oliveira RJ", "Carvalho F", "Morphine glucuronidation increases its analgesic effect in guinea-pigs.", "Life sciences", "Kabbout M", "Dakhlallah D", "Sharma S", "Bronisz A", "Srinivasan R", "Piper M", "Marsh CB", "Ostrowski MC", "MicroRNA 17-92 Cluster Mediates ETS1 and ETS2-Dependent RAS-Oncogenic Transformation.", "PloS one", "Kannen H", "Hazama H", "Kaneda Y", "Fujino T", "Awazu K", "Development of Laser Ionization Techniques for Evaluation of the Effect of Cancer Drugs Using Imaging Mass Spectrometry.", "International journal of molecular sciences", "Liang J", "Tong P", "Zhao W", "Li Y", "Zhang L", "Xia Y", "Yu Y", "The REST Gene Signature Predicts Drug Sensitivity in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines and Is Significantly Associated with Neuroblastoma Tumor Stage.", "International journal of molecular sciences", "Mathur A", "Ware C", "Davis L", "Gazdar A", "Pan BS", "Lutterbach B", "FGFR2 Is Amplified in the NCI-H716 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line and Is Required for Growth and Survival.", "PloS one", "van As JW", "van den Berg H", "van Dalen EC", "Different infusion durations for preventing platinum-induced hearing loss in children with cancer.", "The Cochrane database of systematic reviews", "Lynam-Lennon N", "Maher SG", "Maguire A", "Phelan J", "Muldoon C", "Reynolds JV", "O'Sullivan J", "Altered Mitochondrial Function and Energy Metabolism Is Associated with a Radioresistant Phenotype in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma.", "PloS one", "Meriggi F", "Andreis F", "Premi V", "Liborio N", "Codignola C", "Mazzocchi M", "Rizzi A", "Prochilo T", "Rota L", "Di Biasi B", "Bertocchi P", "Abeni C", "Ogliosi C", "Aroldi F", "Zaniboni A", "Assessing cancer caregivers' needs for an early targeted psychosocial support project: The experience of the oncology department of the Poliambulanza Foundation.", "Palliative & supportive care", "Gwede CK", "Davis SN", "Wilson S", "Patel M", "Vadaparampil ST", "Meade CD", "Rivers BM", "Yu D", "Torres-Roca J", "Heysek R", "Spiess PE", "Pow-Sang J", "Jacobsen P", "Perceptions of Prostate Cancer Screening Controversy and Informed Decision Making: Implications for Development of a Targeted Decision Aid for Unaffected Male First-Degree Relatives.", "American journal of health promotion : AJHP", "Simerska P", "Suksamran T", "Ziora ZM", "Rivera FD", "Engwerda C", "Toth I", "Ovalbumin lipid core peptide vaccines and their CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses.", "Vaccine", "Ogembo JG", "Manga S", "Nulah K", "Foglabenchi LH", "Perlman S", "Wamai RG", "Welty T", "Welty E", "Tih P", "Achieving high uptake of human papillomavirus vaccine in Cameroon: Lessons learned in overcoming challenges.", "Vaccine", "Chung CY", "Alden SL", "Funderburg NT", "Fu P", "Levine AD", "Progressive Proximal-to-Distal Reduction in Expression of the Tight Junction Complex in Colonic Epithelium of Virally-Suppressed HIV+ Individuals.", "PLoS pathogens"] 

我尝试过其他答案中描述的一些.to_散列方法，但它们不能很好地创建处理XML属性的散列，因为我想要的属性的名称位于每个“项”的@name属性中。以下是来自pubmed的一些示例XML：

<eSummaryResult><DocSum><Id>11850928</Id><Item Name="PubDate" Type="Date">1965 Aug</Item><Item Name="EPubDate" Type="Date"/><Item Name="Source" Type="String">Arch Dermatol</Item><Item Name="AuthorList" Type="List"><Item Name="Author" Type="String">LoPresti PJ</Item><Item Name="Author" Type="String">Hambrick GW Jr</Item></Item><Item Name="LastAuthor" Type="String">Hambrick GW Jr</Item><Item Name="Title" Type="String">Zirconium granuloma following treatment of rhus dermatitis.</Item><Item Name="Volume" Type="String">92</Item><Item Name="Issue" Type="String">2</Item><Item Name="Pages" Type="String">188-91</Item><Item Name="LangList" Type="List"><Item Name="Lang" Type="String">English</Item></Item><Item Name="NlmUniqueID" Type="String">0372433</Item><Item Name="ISSN" Type="String">0003-987X</Item><Item Name="ESSN" Type="String">1538-3652</Item><Item Name="PubTypeList" Type="List"><Item Name="PubType" Type="String">Journal Article</Item></Item><Item Name="RecordStatus" Type="String">PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE</Item><Item Name="PubStatus" Type="String">ppublish</Item><Item Name="ArticleIds" Type="List"><Item Name="pubmed" Type="String">11850928</Item><Item Name="eid" Type="String">11850928</Item><Item Name="rid" Type="String">11850928</Item></Item><Item Name="History" Type="List"><Item Name="pubmed" Type="Date">1965/08/01 00:00</Item><Item Name="medline" Type="Date">2002/03/09 10:01</Item><Item Name="entrez" Type="Date">1965/08/01 00:00</Item></Item><Item Name="References" Type="List"/><Item Name="HasAbstract" Type="Integer">1</Item><Item Name="PmcRefCount" Type="Integer">0</Item><Item Name="FullJournalName" Type="String">Archives of dermatology</Item><Item Name="ELocationID" Type="String"/><Item Name="SO" Type="String">1965 Aug;92(2):188-91</Item></DocSum><DocSum><Id>11482001</Id><Item Name="PubDate" Type="Date">2001 Jun</Item><Item Name="EPubDate" Type="Date"/><Item Name="Source" Type="String">Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev</Item><Item Name="AuthorList" Type="List"><Item Name="Author" Type="String">Mantle D</Item><Item Name="Author" Type="String">Gok MA</Item><Item Name="Author" Type="String">Lennard TW</Item></Item><Item Name="LastAuthor" Type="String">Lennard TW</Item><Item Name="Title" Type="String">Adverse and beneficial effects of plant extracts on skin and skin disorders.</Item><Item Name="Volume" Type="String">20</Item><Item Name="Issue" Type="String">2</Item><Item Name="Pages" Type="String">89-103</Item><Item Name="LangList" Type="List"><Item Name="Lang" Type="String">English</Item></Item><Item Name="NlmUniqueID" Type="String">9109474</Item><Item Name="ISSN" Type="String">0964-198X</Item><Item Name="ESSN" Type="String"/><Item Name="PubTypeList" Type="List"><Item Name="PubType" Type="String">Journal Article</Item><Item Name="PubType" Type="String">Review</Item></Item><Item Name="RecordStatus" Type="String">PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE</Item><Item Name="PubStatus" Type="String">ppublish</Item><Item Name="ArticleIds" Type="List"><Item Name="pubmed" Type="String">11482001</Item><Item Name="eid" Type="String">11482001</Item><Item Name="rid" Type="String">11482001</Item></Item><Item Name="History" Type="List"><Item Name="pubmed" Type="Date">2001/08/03 10:00</Item><Item Name="medline" Type="Date">2002/01/23 10:01</Item><Item Name="entrez" Type="Date">2001/08/03 10:00</Item></Item><Item Name="References" Type="List"/><Item Name="HasAbstract" Type="Integer">1</Item><Item Name="PmcRefCount" Type="Integer">3</Item><Item Name="FullJournalName" Type="String">Adverse drug reactions and toxicological reviews</Item><Item Name="ELocationID" Type="String"/><Item Name="SO" Type="String">2001 Jun;20(2):89-103</Item></DocSum></eSummaryResult>

118509281965 rhus皮炎治疗后出现的AugArch Dermatrillopresti PJHambrick GW JrHambrick GW Jrharz肉芽肿。922188-91英语03724330003-987X1538-3652期刊文章PubMed-医学期刊索引1185092811850928118509281965/08/01 00:002002/03/09 10:011965/08/01 00:0010皮肤病学档案1965年8月1日；92(2)：188-91114820012001 Jun不良药物反应毒理学RevMantle DGok MALennard TWLennard TWAdverse和植物提取物对皮肤和皮肤疾病的有益作用。20289-103English 91094740964-198X期刊文章评论UBMED-索引为Medlineppublish114820011148001420012001/08/03 10:00202/01/23 10:012001/08/03 10:0013不良药物反应和毒理学评论2001年6月；20(2):89-103

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谢谢你的帮助，我一直在拼命寻找答案。

没有自动的方法，xml的结构与所需哈希的结构不匹配。您必须手动从xml中选择所需的节点，并根据它们的值构造哈希。使用xpath可能是最简单的，代码可能如下所示：

@details = []
detail_doc.xpath("/eSummaryResult/DocSum").each do |node|
  detail = {}
  detail[:title] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='Title']").text
  detail[:journal] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='Journal']").text
  detail[:authors] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='AuthorList']/Item[@Name='Author']").map{|n| n.text}
  @details.push(detail)
end

@details = []
detail_doc.xpath("/eSummaryResult/DocSum").each do |node|
  detail = {}
  detail[:title] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='Title']").text
  detail[:journal] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='Journal']").text
  detail[:authors] = node.xpath("Item[@Name='AuthorList']/Item[@Name='Author']").map{|n| n.text}
  @details.push(detail)
end