Hash 哈希冲突的例子？

出于演示的目的，有哪些字符串在散列时发生冲突的示例？MD5是一个相对标准的哈希选项，因此这就足够了。

提供了将128字节值哈希到相同值的示例：

d131dd02c5e6eec4693d9a0698aff95c 2fcab58712467eab4004583eb8fb7f89 
55ad340609f4b30283e488832571415a 085125e8f7cdc99fd91dbdf280373c5b 
d8823e3156348f5bae6dacd436c919c6 dd53e2b487da03fd02396306d248cda0 
e99f33420f577ee8ce54b67080a80d1e c69821bcb6a8839396f9652b6ff72a70

及

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请注意，尽管您的问题要求使用冲突的“字符串”，但MD5是在二进制数据上定义的，因此“字符串”的正常文本含义实际上并不适用。允许您对文本数据进行MD5散列的语言和库通常意味着“用指定的编码对字符串进行编码，然后对结果进行散列。”

Søren Steffen Thomsen发布了一个用C编写的脚本。这可能很有趣。

我知道的第二个最有趣的冲突是：

(30820432)3082039ba003020102020309cfc7300d06092a864886f70d0101040500305a310b300906
0355040613025553311c301a060355040a1313457175696661782053656375726520496e632e312d
302b06035504031324457175696661782053656375726520476c6f62616c2065427573696e657373
2043412d31301e170d3038313130333037353230325a170d3039313130343037353230325a308201
1c310b300906035504061302555331493047060355040a1340692e62726f6b652e7468652e696e74
65726e65742e616e642e616c6c2e692e676f742e7761732e746869732e742d73686972742e706872
6565646f6d2e6f726731133011060355040b130a475431313032393030313131302f060355040b13
28536565207777772e726170696473736c2e636f6d2f7265736f75726365732f6370732028632930
38312f302d060355040b1326446f6d61696e20436f6e74726f6c2056616c696461746564202d2052
6170696453534c2852293149304706035504031340692e62726f6b652e7468652e696e7465726e65
742e616e642e616c6c2e692e676f742e7761732e746869732e742d73686972742e7068726565646f
6d2e6f726730820122300d06092a864886f70d01010105000382010f003082010a0282010100b2d3
2581aa28e878b1e50ad53c0f36576ea95f06410e6bb4cb07170000005bfd6b1c7b9ce8a9a3c5450b
36bb01d153aac3088f6ff84f3e87874411dc60e0df9255f9b8731b5493c59fd046c460b63562cdb9
af1ca86b1ac95b3c9637c0ed67efbbfec08b9c502f29bd83229e8e08faac1370a2587f62628a11f7
89f6dfb667597316fb63168ab49138ce2ef5b6be4ca49449e465510a4215c9c130e269d5457da526
bbb961ec6264f039e1e7bc68d850519e1d60d3d1a3a70af80320a170011791364f0270318683ddf7
0fd8071d11b31304a5daf0ae50b1280e63692a0c826f8f4733df6ca20692f14f45bed93036a32b8c
d677ae35637f4e4c9a934836d99f0203010001a381bd3081ba300e0603551d0f0101ff0404030204
f0301d0603551d0e04160414cda683faa56037f796371729de4178f1878955e7303b0603551d1f04
3430323030a02ea02c862a687474703a2f2f63726c2e67656f74727573742e636f6d2f63726c732f
676c6f62616c6361312e63726c301f0603551d23041830168014bea8a07472506b44b7c923d8fba8
ffb3576b686c301d0603551d250416301406082b0601050507030106082b06010505070302300c06
03551d130101ff04023000(300d06092a864886f70d010104050003818100a721028dd10ea2807725
fd4360158fecef9047d484421526111ccdc23c1029a9b6dfab577591dae52bb390451c3063563f8a
d950faed586cc065ac6657de1cc6763bf5000e8e45ce7f4c90ec2bc6cdb3b48f62d0feb7c5267244
edf6985baecbd195f5da08be6846b175c8ec1d8f1e7a94f1aa5378a245ae54ead19e74c87667)

与此冲突的部分（删除括号中的部分）：

这两个证书中只有第一个是由证书颁发机构实际签署的。第一部分只是一个头，但最后一部分（您将注意到这两个证书中的内容相同）是冲突消息的MD5哈希的RSA签名。这意味着第二个（假）证书将验证为已由证书颁发机构的私有RSA密钥签名

这次攻击涉及200多个Playstation 3来准备攻击以及攻击者的一些巧妙时机。有关详细信息，请参阅：

据我所知，最有趣的冲突是Flame间谍恶意软件中使用的冲突。使用一种不同但相似的技术，一种高级持久性威胁（很可能是一个西方情报机构）创建了一个伪代码签名证书，声称是由微软签署的。例如，见。不幸的是，我无法访问实际的证书和实际的MD5冲突。

（对于未来的读者，我想添加此资源） 是GitHub最近的一个收藏，从图片到poc脚本

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*包括破碎的

谢谢你，乔恩，你发布了一个答案，并用一个链接对其进行了赞美。@Downvoter:你觉得我的答案有什么问题吗？@JonathanSampson，我想你的意思是补充。。）我认为这是一个合理的问题。可能不要求提供示例代码，但它与编程有关。securityNow播客有一个关于这方面的插曲，内容非常丰富。+1用于包含一个真实世界的示例，而不仅仅是一堆碰巧发生碰撞的随机十六进制数据。“……最有可能……”--rational？@LeeGee:考虑到目标，这是当时显而易见的结论（伊朗）。似乎后来的证据大多指向以色列，并得到了美国的援助：

(30820432)3082039ba003020102020309cfc7300d06092a864886f70d0101040500305a310b300906
0355040613025553311c301a060355040a1313457175696661782053656375726520496e632e312d
302b06035504031324457175696661782053656375726520476c6f62616c2065427573696e657373
2043412d31301e170d3038313130333037353230325a170d3039313130343037353230325a308201
1c310b300906035504061302555331493047060355040a1340692e62726f6b652e7468652e696e74
65726e65742e616e642e616c6c2e692e676f742e7761732e746869732e742d73686972742e706872
6565646f6d2e6f726731133011060355040b130a475431313032393030313131302f060355040b13
28536565207777772e726170696473736c2e636f6d2f7265736f75726365732f6370732028632930
38312f302d060355040b1326446f6d61696e20436f6e74726f6c2056616c696461746564202d2052
6170696453534c2852293149304706035504031340692e62726f6b652e7468652e696e7465726e65
742e616e642e616c6c2e692e676f742e7761732e746869732e742d73686972742e7068726565646f
6d2e6f726730820122300d06092a864886f70d01010105000382010f003082010a0282010100b2d3
2581aa28e878b1e50ad53c0f36576ea95f06410e6bb4cb07170000005bfd6b1c7b9ce8a9a3c5450b
36bb01d153aac3088f6ff84f3e87874411dc60e0df9255f9b8731b5493c59fd046c460b63562cdb9
af1ca86b1ac95b3c9637c0ed67efbbfec08b9c502f29bd83229e8e08faac1370a2587f62628a11f7
89f6dfb667597316fb63168ab49138ce2ef5b6be4ca49449e465510a4215c9c130e269d5457da526
bbb961ec6264f039e1e7bc68d850519e1d60d3d1a3a70af80320a170011791364f0270318683ddf7
0fd8071d11b31304a5daf0ae50b1280e63692a0c826f8f4733df6ca20692f14f45bed93036a32b8c
d677ae35637f4e4c9a934836d99f0203010001a381bd3081ba300e0603551d0f0101ff0404030204
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3430323030a02ea02c862a687474703a2f2f63726c2e67656f74727573742e636f6d2f63726c732f
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