Ruby on rails 参数缺失或值为空：事件数据

我是RubyonRails新手，在将包含数据的csv文件导入数据库时遇到了麻烦。我一直在四处寻找，但这里的大多数类似问题并没有解决这个问题

问题：参数缺失或值为空：事件数据

我知道此问题是由于params.require（但删除它没有帮助，因为csv文件只是临时上载，但没有从中提取数据）导致的操作控制器引起的

以下是支持文件=>

控制器：

class IncidentDataController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_incident_datum, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /incident_data
  # GET /incident_data.json
  def index
    @incident_data = IncidentDatum.all
    @incident_data_first_20 = IncidentDatum.first(20)
  end

  def import
      IncidentDatum.import(params[:file])
      if @IncidentDatum.save
        # after import, redirect and let us know the method worked!
        redirect_to root_url, notice: "Incident Data Imported!"
      else
        render :new
      end
  end

  # GET /incident_data/1
  # GET /incident_data/1.json
  def show
    @distinct_number = IncidentDatum.distinct.pluck(:number).sort
  end

  # GET /incident_data/new
  def new
    @incident_datum = IncidentDatum.new
  end

  # GET /incident_data/1/edit
  def edit
  end

  # POST /incident_data
  # POST /incident_data.json
  def create
    @incident_datum = IncidentDatum.new(incident_datum_params)

    respond_to do |format|
      if @incident_datum.save
        format.html { redirect_to @incident_datum, notice: 'Incident datum was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @incident_datum }
      else
        format.html { render :new }
        format.json { render json: @incident_datum.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /incident_data/1
  # PATCH/PUT /incident_data/1.json
  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @incident_datum.update(incident_datum_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @incident_datum, notice: 'Incident datum was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @incident_datum }
      else
        format.html { render :edit }
        format.json { render json: @incident_datum.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # DELETE /incident_data/1
  # DELETE /incident_data/1.json
  def destroy
    @incident_datum.destroy
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { redirect_to incident_data_url, notice: 'Incident datum was successfully destroyed.' }
      format.json { head :no_content }
    end
  end

  private
  # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
  def set_incident_datum
    @incident_datum = IncidentDatum.find(params[:id])
  end

  # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
  def incident_datum_params
    params.require(:incident_datum).permit(
      :number, 
      :priority, 
      :state, 
      :description, 
      :short_description1, 
      :ticket_type, 
      :task_type, 
      :opened, 
      :closed, 
      :initial_contact, 
      :configuration_item, 
      :environment, 
      :assignment_group, 
      :reassignment_count, 
      :department, 
      :name, 
      :problem, 
      :short_description2)
    #MG what to do with '.require(:incident_datum)' after params?
  end

end

控制台：

Processing by IncidentDataController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"lBXX210GVPazui46U8rATpzrXCMJw8DAqb7Hc3WWK2uTU3WGojClRU7+ZKkakCjUblweOV7UpM+FiIvRSNzSng==", "file"=>#<ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile:0x00000002829388 @tempfile=#<Tempfile:/tmp/RackMultipart20180110-11292-jzqi2l.csv>, @original_filename="incident_datum.csv", @content_type="application/vnd.ms-excel", @headers="Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"incident_datum.csv\"\r\nContent-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel\r\n">, "commit"=>"Import CSV"}
Completed 400 Bad Request in 2ms (ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)



ActionController::ParameterMissing (param is missing or the value is empty: incident_datum):

app/controllers/incident_data_controller.rb:84:in `incident_datum_params'
app/controllers/incident_data_controller.rb:39:in `create'
^C- Gracefully stopping, waiting for requests to finish
=== puma shutdown: 2018-01-10 14:20:33 +0000 ===
- Goodbye!
Exiting

IncidentDataController处理#创建为HTML 参数：{“utf8”=>“✓", "真实性令牌“=>”lBXX210GVPazui46U8rATpzrXCMJw8DAqb7Hc3WWK2uTU3WGojClRU7+ZKkakCjUblweOV7UpM+FiIvRSNzSng==”，“文件”=>，“提交”=>“导入CSV”} 在2ms内完成400个错误请求（ActiveRecord:0.0ms） ActionController:：ParameterMissing（param缺失或值为空：事件数据）： app/controllers/incident_data_controller.rb:84:in“incident_datum_params” app/controllers/incident\u data\u controller.rb:39:in'create' ^C-优雅地停止，等待请求完成 puma关闭时间：2018-01-10 14:20:33+0000=== -再见！ 退出

---

谢谢！

我认为你的问题在于你的表单（如果你想保持rails惯例），你必须创建一个IncidentDatum元素，并为这个元素创建一个表单，比如：

<%= form_for @incident_data , multipart: true do %>
...

您还需要将

文件

添加到

许可

params.require(:incident_datum).permit( :number , :file , ....

您可以在console浏览器的“网络”选项卡以及您在问题中发布的日志中查看帖子的格式：

IncidentDataController处理#创建为HTML参数： {“utf8”=>“✓", “真实性令牌”=>“LBXX210GVPAZUI46U8RATPZRXCMJW8DAQB7HC3WWK2UTU3WGOJCRU7+ZKkakCjUblweOV7UpM+FiIvRSNzSng=”， “文件”=>#， @原始\u filename=“incident\u datum.csv”， @content_type=“application/vnd.ms excel”， @headers=“内容处置：表单数据；名称=\”文件\”； 文件名=\“事件数据.csv\”\r\n内容类型： application/vnd.ms excel\r\n“>，“提交”=>“导入CSV”}已完成400 2ms内的错误请求（ActiveRecord:0.0ms）

---

您可以在参数中直接看到

文件

（无内部事件数据事件数据：{fiel:..}）

您试图发布到哪个操作？

创建

或

导入

？在

导入

操作中规避强参数有什么原因吗？您使用

参数[：文件]

而不是

事件数据参数[:file]

。我想，@inye发现了您的问题。您的表单字段（以及相应的参数）没有按照Rails约定命名。您的字段应该是

'width:600px；'%>

，但正如inye上面指出的那样，它更干净，更易于使用Rails的表单生成器！

Processing by IncidentDataController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"lBXX210GVPazui46U8rATpzrXCMJw8DAqb7Hc3WWK2uTU3WGojClRU7+ZKkakCjUblweOV7UpM+FiIvRSNzSng==", "file"=>#<ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile:0x00000002829388 @tempfile=#<Tempfile:/tmp/RackMultipart20180110-11292-jzqi2l.csv>, @original_filename="incident_datum.csv", @content_type="application/vnd.ms-excel", @headers="Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"incident_datum.csv\"\r\nContent-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel\r\n">, "commit"=>"Import CSV"}
Completed 400 Bad Request in 2ms (ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)



ActionController::ParameterMissing (param is missing or the value is empty: incident_datum):

app/controllers/incident_data_controller.rb:84:in `incident_datum_params'
app/controllers/incident_data_controller.rb:39:in `create'
^C- Gracefully stopping, waiting for requests to finish
=== puma shutdown: 2018-01-10 14:20:33 +0000 ===
- Goodbye!
Exiting

<%= form_for @incident_data , multipart: true do %>
...

params.require(:incident_datum).permit( :number , ....

params.require(:incident_datum).permit( :number , :file , ....