Ruby on rails 在Ruby on Rails项目中安装gem时出错

我在ROR-postgresql中创建了一个简单的web项目作为数据库

C:\Sites\nested>ruby -v
ruby 1.9.3p484 (2013-11-22) [i386-mingw32]

C:\Sites\nested>rails -v
Rails 4.0.2

当我尝试通过命令行添加自动外键时

C:\Sites\nested>gem install automatic_foreign_key

或者通过添加

# create automatic foreign key
gem "automatic_foreign_key", "~> 1.3.0"

我在运行服务器时遇到以下错误

C:\Sites\nested>rails s                                
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.2/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing.rb:32:in `alias_method': undefined method `to_sql' for class `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Tab leDefinition' (NameError)
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing.rb:32:in `alias_method_chain'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails_core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails_core/active_record/connection_adapters/table_definition.rb:9:in `block in included'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails_core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails_core/active_record/connection_adapters/table_definition.rb:6:in `class_eval'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails_core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails_core/active_record/connection_adapters/table_definition.rb:6:in `included'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails_core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails_core.rb:32:in `include'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails_core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails_core.rb:32:in `<top (required)>'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `block in require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:214:in `load_dependency'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/automatic_foreign_key-.3.0/lib/automatic_foreign_key.rb:5:in `rescue in <top (required)>'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/automatic_foreign_key-.3.0/lib/automatic_foreign_key.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler.rb:132:in require'
from C:/Sites/nested/config/application.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:74:in `require'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:74:in `block in <top (required)>'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in `tap'
from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in `<top (required)>'
from bin/rails:4:in `require'
from bin/rails:4:in `<main>'

C:\Sites\nested>rails
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.2/lib/active\u support/core\u ext/module/aliasing.rb:32:in'alias\u method:'ActiveRecord:：ConnectionAdapters:：Tab leDefinition'类的未定义方法'to\u sql'（名称错误）
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active\u support/core\u ext/module/aliasing.rb:32:in'alias\u method\u chain'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails\u core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails\u core/active\u record/connection\u adapters/table\u definition.rb:9:“包含的块”中
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails\u core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails\u core/active\u record/connection\u adapters/table\u definition.rb:6:in'class\u eval'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails\u core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails\u core/active\u record/connection\u adapters/table\u definition.rb:6:“包含”中
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails\u core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails\u core.rb:32:in“include”
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/redhillonrails\u core-.2.0/lib/redhillonrails\u core.rb:32:in`'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:229:in'require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:229:in'block in require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:214:in'load\u dependencity'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-.0.2/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:229:in'require'
从C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/automatic_-foreign_-key-.3.0/lib/automatic_-foreign_-key.rb:5:in'rescue-in'
从C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/automatic\u-foreign\u-key-.3.0/lib/automatic\u-foreign\u-key.rb:1:in`'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in'require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:在“请求中的块（2个级别）”中
从C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in'each'
从C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in'block in require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in'each'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in'require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-.3.5/lib/bundler.rb:132:in require'
从C:/Sites/nested/config/application.rb:7:in`'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:74:in'require'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:74:in'block in'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in'tap'
来自C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-.0.2/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in`'
从箱子/轨道：4:in“require”
从箱子/轨道：4:in`'

试试这个

C:\Sites\nested>gem install --local automatic_foreign_key

---

另外，在您的项目终端中进行

bundle安装--local

，然后在gem文件中编辑

gem“automatic\u foreign\u key”、“~>1.3.0”

，以供参考。这是您的错误：

`alias_method': undefined method `to_sql' for class `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Tab leDefinition' (NameError)

看起来gem正在为

.to\u sql

创建一个。Alias method Basicali以另一个名称调用方法，因此您可以在不同的上下文中使用它

我们经常使用

alias\u方法：name，：title

，因为我们标准化了验证，这意味着每次都需要保持相同的方法名称

---

错误

实际错误是由于您的类没有

to_sql

方法造成的。我从未遇到过这种情况，因此：

问题似乎是由Rails 4引起的。至于解决方案，我建议，因为它将与Rails 4不兼容

---

如果我们把这个想法作为问题，也许你可以详细说明你希望它如何工作&我们可以创建一个变通方案？

自动外键

三年前被作者弃用。您可能不应该使用它。安装时发生以下错误--本地错误：执行gem时。。。（Gem:：CommandLineError）请在本地系统中安装后指定至少一个Gem名称（例如Gem build GEMNAME），您可以在项目终端中添加

bundle install--local

。该命令未执行！以下错误：执行gem时。。。（Gem:：CommandLineError）请指定至少一个Gem名称（例如Gem build GEMNAME）Gem install--local automatic\u foreign\u key==>ERROR:在任何存储中都找不到有效的Gem“automatic\u foreign\u key”（>=0）如果不支持，请在安装时也提及Gem文件版本，降级rails版本是否可以解决问题？当然可以，但这不是小事-如果愿意，您可以尝试，但最好使用最新版本