Sql 如何处理Oracle分层菜单查询中的权限?

Sql 如何处理Oracle分层菜单查询中的权限?,sql,oracle,menu,tree,hierarchical,Sql,Oracle,Menu,Tree,Hierarchical,有一个菜单表: create table MENU ( MENU_ID number(15,0) not null, PARENT_MENU_ID number(15,0), MENU_NAME varchar2(255 char) not null, PERMISSION_ID number(15,0) ) / 和数

有一个菜单表:

create table MENU
(
   MENU_ID                        number(15,0) not null,
   PARENT_MENU_ID                 number(15,0),
   MENU_NAME                      varchar2(255 char) not null,
   PERMISSION_ID                  number(15,0)
)
/
和数据:

INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (20,null,'Menu A',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (21,null,'Menu B',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (1001,null,'Menu C',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (1,1001,'Menu C-A',10);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (2,1001,'Menu C-B',34);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (3,1001,'Menu C-C',92);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (4,1001,'Menu C-D',57);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (16,1001,'Menu C-E',22);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (1002,1001,'Menu C-F',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (13,1002,'Menu C-F-A',28);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (14,1002,'Menu C-F-B',29);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (15,1002,'Menu C-F-C',43);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (1003,1001,'Menu C-G',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (5,1003,'Menu C-G-A',94);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (6,1003,'Menu C-G-B',11);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (7,1003,'Menu C-G-C',47);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (1004,1001,'Menu C-H',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (8,1004,'Menu C-H-A',120);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (9,1004,'Menu C-H-B',41);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (10,1004,'Menu C-H-C',52);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (11,1004,'Menu C-H-D',40);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (12,1004,'Menu C-H-E',39);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (2001,null,'Menu D',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (17,2001,'Menu D-A',14);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (18,2001,'Menu D-B',15);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (19,2001,'Menu D-C',106);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (3001,null,'Menu E',null);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (22,3001,'Menu E-A',16);
INSERT INTO MENU VALUES (4001,null,'Menu F',null);
COMMIT;
现在要返回菜单结构,我执行以下操作:

select 
   level, 
   PARENT_MENU_ID,
   MENU_ID,
   SUBSTR(RPAD('-',(level-1),'-')||MENU_NAME,1,20) MENU,
   PERMISSION_ID
from
   MENU 
start with PARENT_MENU_ID is null
connect by prior MENU_ID = PARENT_MENU_ID
/
给予:

LEVEL      PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_ID    MENU                 PERMISSION_ID 
---------- -------------- ---------- -------------------- ------------- 
         1                        20 Menu A                            
         1                        21 Menu B                            
         1                      1001 Menu C                            
         2           1001          1 -Menu C-A                       10
         2           1001          2 -Menu C-B                       34
         2           1001          3 -Menu C-C                       92
         2           1001          4 -Menu C-D                       57
         2           1001         16 -Menu C-E                       22
         2           1001       1002 -Menu C-F                         
         3           1002         13 --Menu C-F-A                    28
         3           1002         14 --Menu C-F-B                    29
         3           1002         15 --Menu C-F-C                    43
         2           1001       1003 -Menu C-G                         
         3           1003          5 --Menu C-G-A                    94
         3           1003          6 --Menu C-G-B                    11
         3           1003          7 --Menu C-G-C                    47
         2           1001       1004 -Menu C-H                         
         3           1004          8 --Menu C-H-A                   120
         3           1004          9 --Menu C-H-B                    41
         3           1004         10 --Menu C-H-C                    52
         3           1004         11 --Menu C-H-D                    40
         3           1004         12 --Menu C-H-E                    39
         1                      2001 Menu D                            
         2           2001         17 -Menu D-A                       14
         2           2001         18 -Menu D-B                       15
         2           2001         19 -Menu D-C                      106
         1                      3001 Menu E                            
         2           3001         22 -Menu E-A                       16
         1                      4001 Menu F                            
LEVEL      PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_ID    MENU                 PERMISSION_ID 
---------- -------------- ---------- -------------------- ------------- 
         1                        20 Menu A                            
         1                        21 Menu B                            
         1                      1001 Menu C                            
         2           1001          1 -Menu C-A                       10
         1                      2001 Menu D                            
         2           2001         17 -Menu D-A                       14
         2           2001         18 -Menu D-B                       15
         1                      3001 Menu E                            
         1                      4001 Menu F                            
这是最简单的部分。现在是保安室。如果我只想在10,11,14和15的许可下查看所有菜单,那么我可以:

select 
   level, 
   PARENT_MENU_ID,
   MENU_ID,
   SUBSTR(RPAD('-',(level-1),'-')||MENU_NAME,1,20) MENU,
   PERMISSION_ID
from
   MENU 
start with PARENT_MENU_ID is null
connect by prior MENU_ID = PARENT_MENU_ID
and PERMISSION_ID in (10,11,14,15)
/
给予:

LEVEL      PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_ID    MENU                 PERMISSION_ID 
---------- -------------- ---------- -------------------- ------------- 
         1                        20 Menu A                            
         1                        21 Menu B                            
         1                      1001 Menu C                            
         2           1001          1 -Menu C-A                       10
         2           1001          2 -Menu C-B                       34
         2           1001          3 -Menu C-C                       92
         2           1001          4 -Menu C-D                       57
         2           1001         16 -Menu C-E                       22
         2           1001       1002 -Menu C-F                         
         3           1002         13 --Menu C-F-A                    28
         3           1002         14 --Menu C-F-B                    29
         3           1002         15 --Menu C-F-C                    43
         2           1001       1003 -Menu C-G                         
         3           1003          5 --Menu C-G-A                    94
         3           1003          6 --Menu C-G-B                    11
         3           1003          7 --Menu C-G-C                    47
         2           1001       1004 -Menu C-H                         
         3           1004          8 --Menu C-H-A                   120
         3           1004          9 --Menu C-H-B                    41
         3           1004         10 --Menu C-H-C                    52
         3           1004         11 --Menu C-H-D                    40
         3           1004         12 --Menu C-H-E                    39
         1                      2001 Menu D                            
         2           2001         17 -Menu D-A                       14
         2           2001         18 -Menu D-B                       15
         2           2001         19 -Menu D-C                      106
         1                      3001 Menu E                            
         2           3001         22 -Menu E-A                       16
         1                      4001 Menu F                            
LEVEL      PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_ID    MENU                 PERMISSION_ID 
---------- -------------- ---------- -------------------- ------------- 
         1                        20 Menu A                            
         1                        21 Menu B                            
         1                      1001 Menu C                            
         2           1001          1 -Menu C-A                       10
         1                      2001 Menu D                            
         2           2001         17 -Menu D-A                       14
         2           2001         18 -Menu D-B                       15
         1                      3001 Menu E                            
         1                      4001 Menu F                            
但这将删除权限为11的菜单,并包括没有子菜单的父菜单。理想情况下,我希望包含11个菜单和不排除子菜单的父菜单,特别是:

LEVEL      PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_ID    MENU                 PERMISSION_ID 
---------- -------------- ---------- -------------------- ------------- 
         1                      1001 Menu C                            
         2           1001          1 -Menu C-A                       10
         2           1001       1003 -Menu C-G                         
         3           1003          6 --Menu C-G-B                    11
         1                      2001 Menu D                            
         2           2001         17 -Menu D-A                       14
         2           2001         18 -Menu D-B                       15

如何实现这一点?

您只需将树从感兴趣的节点(本例中具有权限10、11、14和15的节点)遍历到其根节点。在问题的前一个版本中,有一个查询是这样做的。如果您正在运行Oracle 11g及更高版本,则可以使用
connectby
或递归公共表表达式:

使用
连接方式

select distinct
       menu_id
     , parent_menu_id
     , menu_name
     , permission_id
  from menu m
  start with permission_id in (10, 11, 14, 15)
  connect by prior parent_menu_id = menu_id
  order by nvl(parent_menu_id, menu_id), menu_name


  MENU_ID PARENT_MENU_ID MENU_NAME            PERMISSION_ID
---------- -------------- -------------------- -------------
      1001                Menu C                            
         1           1001 Menu C-A                        10
      1003           1001 Menu C-G                          
         6           1003 Menu C-G-B                      11
      2001                Menu D                            
        17           2001 Menu D-A                        14
        18           2001 Menu D-B                        15
递归CTE:

with menus(menu_id, parent_menu_id, menu_name, permission_id, lv) as(
  select menu_id, parent_menu_id, menu_name, permission_id, 0
    from menu
   where permission_id in (10,11,14, 15)
   union all
   select m.menu_id, m.parent_menu_id, m.menu_name, m.permission_id, lv + 1
     from menu m
          join menus m2
            on (m.menu_id = m2.parent_menu_id)
)
select distinct 
       parent_menu_id
     , menu_id
     , menu_name
     , permission_id
  from menus 
order by nvl(parent_menu_id, menu_id), menu_name


PARENT_MENU_ID    MENU_ID MENU_NAME            PERMISSION_ID
-------------- ---------- -------------------- -------------
                     1001 Menu C                            
          1001          1 Menu C-A                        10
          1001       1003 Menu C-G                          
          1003          6 Menu C-G-B                      11
                     2001 Menu D                            
          2001         17 Menu D-A                        14
          2001         18 Menu D-B                        15

菜单A-A:10
菜单C的子菜单
在您的预期输出中它到底是
菜单A的子菜单
菜单C
是否也应该出现在
权限\u id=11
中?谢谢你Nicholas Krasnov,你是对的,在菜单名中键入我试图用名称显示结构的地方,即菜单C应该被称为菜单A,反之亦然-我认为-在时间允许的情况下(当然是现在赶飞机)会更正它。更正数据,使查询显示菜单结构,简化了问题。感谢尼古拉斯·克拉斯诺夫的参与。