如何授予自己对本地SQL Server实例的管理员访问权限？

我在本地计算机上安装了SQL Server 2008 R2。但是，由于权限（或缺乏权限），我无法创建新数据库

“创建数据库权限被拒绝”

因此，我尝试将管理员权限分配给我当前的登录名

“用户没有执行此操作的权限。”

---

我还尝试创建一个新的登录名，该登录名将具有管理员权限，但运气不佳如何授予自己管理员权限，以便创建数据库？我可以重新安装，但我不想重新安装。

是-安装SQL Server时，您似乎忘记将自己添加到系统管理员角色。如果您是计算机上的本地管理员，则可以帮助您使用SQLCMD将帐户放入SQL Server sysadmin组，而无需重新安装。如果你问我的话，这是SQL Server中的一个安全漏洞，但在这种情况下它会帮你解决。

打开一个命令提示窗口。如果SQL Server的默认实例已在运行，请在命令提示符下运行以下命令以停止SQL Server服务：

net stop mssqlserver

现在转到安装SQL server的目录。例如，目录可以是以下目录之一：

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn

找出您的MSSQL目录，并将其

CD

放入其中：

CD C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn

现在运行以下命令以单用户模式启动SQL Server。作为 正在指定

SQLCMD

，只能建立一个

SQLCMD

连接（从另一个命令提示窗口）

现在，以与上面以单用户模式启动SQL Server的用户相同的用户身份打开另一个命令提示符窗口，并在其中运行：

sqlcmd

然后按回车键。现在，您可以对以单用户模式运行的SQL Server实例执行SQL语句：

create login [<<DOMAIN\USERNAME>>] from windows;

-- For older versions of SQL Server:
EXEC sys.sp_addsrvrolemember @loginame = N'<<DOMAIN\USERNAME>>', @rolename = N'sysadmin';

-- For newer versions of SQL Server:
ALTER SERVER ROLE [sysadmin] ADD MEMBER [<<DOMAIN\USERNAME>>];

GO

从windows创建登录[]；
--对于较旧版本的SQL Server：
EXEC sys.sp_addsrvrolemember@loginame=N''，@rolename=N'sysadmin'；
--对于较新版本的SQL Server：
更改服务器角色[sysadmin]添加成员[]；
去

更新

---

不要忘记在

ALTER SERVER ROLE[sysadmin]ADD MEMBER[]之后加上分号

并且不要在GO之后添加额外的分号，否则该命令将永远不会执行。

这里有一个脚本声称能够解决此问题

描述

此命令脚本允许您轻松地将自己添加到系统管理员 本地SQL Server实例的角色。您必须是该组织的成员 Windows本地管理员组，或有权访问凭据 是指一个正在使用的用户。该脚本支持SQL Server 2005及更高版本

如果您是试图使用SQL的开发人员，则该脚本最有用 其他人安装的Server 2008 Express。在这个 您通常没有SQL Server 2008的管理员权限 Express实例，因为默认情况下只有安装SQL的人员 Server 2008被授予管理权限

安装SQL Server 2008 Express的用户可以使用SQL Server Management Studio授予您必要的特权。但是什么 如果未安装SQL Server Management Studio？如果 安装用户不再可用

这个脚本只需点击几下就解决了这个问题

注意：您需要为BAT文件提供一个“实例名称”（可能是“MSSQLSERVER”-但可能不是）：您可以通过首先在“Microsoft SQL Server管理控制台”中运行以下命令来获取值：

然后复制结果，以便在BAT文件提示输入“SQL实例名称”时使用

  @echo off 
    rem 
    rem **************************************************************************** 
    rem 
    rem    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 
    rem    This code is licensed under the Microsoft Public License. 
    rem    THIS CODE IS PROVIDED *AS IS* WITHOUT WARRANTY OF 
    rem    ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY 
    rem    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
    rem    PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. 
    rem 
    rem **************************************************************************** 
    rem 
    rem CMD script to add a user to the SQL Server sysadmin role 
    rem 
    rem Input:  %1 specifies the instance name to be modified. Defaults to SQLEXPRESS. 
    rem         %2 specifies the principal identity to be added (in the form "<domain>\<user>"). 
    rem            If omitted, the script will request elevation and add the current user (pre-elevation) to the sysadmin role. 
    rem            If provided explicitly, the script is assumed to be running elevated already. 
    rem 
    rem Method: 1) restart the SQL service with the '-m' option, which allows a single connection from a box admin 
    rem            (the box admin is temporarily added to the sysadmin role with this start option) 
    rem         2) connect to the SQL instance and add the user to the sysadmin role 
    rem         3) restart the SQL service for normal connections 
    rem 
    rem Output: Messages indicating success/failure. 
    rem         Note that if elevation is done by this script, a new command process window is created: the output of this 
    rem         window is not directly accessible to the caller. 
    rem 
    rem 
    setlocal 
    set sqlresult=N/A 
    if .%1 == . (set /P sqlinstance=Enter SQL instance name, or default to SQLEXPRESS: ) else (set sqlinstance=%1) 
    if .%sqlinstance% == . (set sqlinstance=SQLEXPRESS) 
    if /I %sqlinstance% == MSSQLSERVER (set sqlservice=MSSQLSERVER) else (set sqlservice=MSSQL$%sqlinstance%) 
    if .%2 == . (set sqllogin="%USERDOMAIN%\%USERNAME%") else (set sqllogin=%2) 
    rem remove enclosing quotes 
    for %%i in (%sqllogin%) do set sqllogin=%%~i 
    @echo Adding '%sqllogin%' to the 'sysadmin' role on SQL Server instance '%sqlinstance%'. 
    @echo Verify the '%sqlservice%' service exists ... 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto existerror 
    rem 
    rem elevate if <domain/user> was defaulted 
    rem 
    if NOT .%2 == . goto continue 
    echo new ActiveXObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute("cmd.exe", "/D /Q /C pushd \""+WScript.Arguments(0)+"\" & \""+WScript.Arguments(1)+"\" %sqlinstance% \""+WScript.Arguments(2)+"\"", "", "runas"); >"%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" 
    call "%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" "%cd%" %0 "%sqllogin%" 
    del "%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" 
    goto :EOF 
    :continue 
    rem 
    rem determine if the SQL service is running 
    rem 
    set srvstarted=0 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto queryerror 
    rem 
    rem if required, stop the SQL service 
    rem 
    if .%srvstate% == .1 goto startm 
    set srvstarted=1 
    @echo Stop the '%sqlservice%' service ... 
    net stop %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto stoperror 
    :startm 
    rem 
    rem start the SQL service with the '-m' option (single admin connection) and wait until its STATE is '4' (STARTED) 
    rem also use trace flags as follows: 
    rem     3659 - log all errors to errorlog 
    rem     4010 - enable shared memory only (lpc:) 
    rem     4022 - do not start autoprocs 
    rem 
    @echo Start the '%sqlservice%' service in maintenance mode ... 
    sc start %sqlservice% -m -T3659 -T4010 -T4022 >nul 
    if errorlevel 1 goto startmerror 
    :checkstate1 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto queryerror 
    if .%srvstate% == .1 goto startmerror 
    if NOT .%srvstate% == .4 goto checkstate1 
    rem 
    rem add the specified user to the sysadmin role 
    rem access tempdb to avoid a misleading shutdown error 
    rem 
    @echo Add '%sqllogin%' to the 'sysadmin' role ... 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sqlcmd -S np:\\.\pipe\SQLLocal\%sqlinstance% -E -Q "create table #foo (bar int); declare @rc int; execute @rc = sp_addsrvrolemember '$(sqllogin)', 'sysadmin'; print 'RETURN_CODE : '+CAST(@rc as char)"`) do if .%%i == .RETURN_CODE set sqlresult=%%j 
    rem 
    rem stop the SQL service 
    rem 
    @echo Stop the '%sqlservice%' service ... 
    net stop %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto stoperror 
    if .%srvstarted% == .0 goto exit 
    rem 
    rem start the SQL service for normal connections 
    rem 
    net start %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto starterror 
    goto exit 
    rem 
    rem handle unexpected errors 
    rem 
    :existerror 
    sc query %sqlservice% 
    @echo '%sqlservice%' service is invalid 
    goto exit 
    :queryerror 
    @echo 'sc query %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :stoperror 
    @echo 'net stop %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :startmerror 
    @echo 'sc start %sqlservice% -m' failed 
    goto exit 
    :starterror 
    @echo 'net start %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :exit 
    if .%sqlresult% == .0 (@echo '%sqllogin%' was successfully added to the 'sysadmin' role.) else (@echo '%sqllogin%' was NOT added to the 'sysadmin' role: SQL return code is %sqlresult%.) 
    endlocal 
    pause

@echo关闭
雷姆
rem***************************************************************************************************************************
雷姆
rem版权所有（c）微软公司。版权所有。
rem此代码是根据Microsoft公共许可证授权的。
rem此代码按原样提供，不保证
rem任何种类，无论明示或暗示，包括
rem对特定项目适用性的默示保证
rem目的、适销性或非侵权。
雷姆
rem***************************************************************************************************************************
雷姆
rem CMD脚本，用于将用户添加到SQL Server sysadmin角色
雷姆
rem输入：%1指定要修改的实例名称。默认为SQLEXPRESS。
rem%2指定要添加的主体标识（格式为“\”）。
rem如果省略，脚本将请求提升并将当前用户（预提升）添加到sysadmin角色。
rem如果显式提供，则假定脚本已经运行。
雷姆
rem方法：1）使用“-m”选项重新启动SQL服务，该选项允许从box管理员进行单个连接
rem（使用此开始选项将框管理员临时添加到sysadmin角色）
rem 2）连接到SQL实例并将用户添加到sysadmin角色
rem 3）为正常连接重新启动SQL服务
雷姆
rem输出：指示成功/失败的消息。
rem注意，如果通过此脚本完成提升，则会创建一个新的命令进程窗口：此脚本的输出
调用方无法直接访问rem窗口。
雷姆
雷姆
setlocal
设置sqlresult=N/A
如果。%1==。（set/P sqlinstance=输入SQL实例名称，或默认为SQLEXPRESS:）否则（set-sqlinstance=%1）
如果。%sqlinstance%==。（设置sqlinstance=SQLEXPRESS）
如果/I%sqlinstance%==MSSQLSERVER（设置sqlservice=MSSQLSERVER）或者（设置sqlservice=MSSQL$%sqlinstance%）
如果。%2==。（设置sqllogin=“%USERDOMAIN%\%USERNAME%”）其他（设置sqllogin=%2）
rem删除包含的引号
对于（%sqllogin%）中的%%i，请设置sqllogin=%%~i
@echo正在将“%sqllogin%”添加到SQL Server实例“%sqlinstance%”上的“sysadmin”角色。
@回显验证“%sqlservice%”服务是否存在。。。
设置srvstate=0
对于/F“useback”
 SELECT @@servicename

  @echo off 
    rem 
    rem **************************************************************************** 
    rem 
    rem    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 
    rem    This code is licensed under the Microsoft Public License. 
    rem    THIS CODE IS PROVIDED *AS IS* WITHOUT WARRANTY OF 
    rem    ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY 
    rem    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
    rem    PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. 
    rem 
    rem **************************************************************************** 
    rem 
    rem CMD script to add a user to the SQL Server sysadmin role 
    rem 
    rem Input:  %1 specifies the instance name to be modified. Defaults to SQLEXPRESS. 
    rem         %2 specifies the principal identity to be added (in the form "<domain>\<user>"). 
    rem            If omitted, the script will request elevation and add the current user (pre-elevation) to the sysadmin role. 
    rem            If provided explicitly, the script is assumed to be running elevated already. 
    rem 
    rem Method: 1) restart the SQL service with the '-m' option, which allows a single connection from a box admin 
    rem            (the box admin is temporarily added to the sysadmin role with this start option) 
    rem         2) connect to the SQL instance and add the user to the sysadmin role 
    rem         3) restart the SQL service for normal connections 
    rem 
    rem Output: Messages indicating success/failure. 
    rem         Note that if elevation is done by this script, a new command process window is created: the output of this 
    rem         window is not directly accessible to the caller. 
    rem 
    rem 
    setlocal 
    set sqlresult=N/A 
    if .%1 == . (set /P sqlinstance=Enter SQL instance name, or default to SQLEXPRESS: ) else (set sqlinstance=%1) 
    if .%sqlinstance% == . (set sqlinstance=SQLEXPRESS) 
    if /I %sqlinstance% == MSSQLSERVER (set sqlservice=MSSQLSERVER) else (set sqlservice=MSSQL$%sqlinstance%) 
    if .%2 == . (set sqllogin="%USERDOMAIN%\%USERNAME%") else (set sqllogin=%2) 
    rem remove enclosing quotes 
    for %%i in (%sqllogin%) do set sqllogin=%%~i 
    @echo Adding '%sqllogin%' to the 'sysadmin' role on SQL Server instance '%sqlinstance%'. 
    @echo Verify the '%sqlservice%' service exists ... 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto existerror 
    rem 
    rem elevate if <domain/user> was defaulted 
    rem 
    if NOT .%2 == . goto continue 
    echo new ActiveXObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute("cmd.exe", "/D /Q /C pushd \""+WScript.Arguments(0)+"\" & \""+WScript.Arguments(1)+"\" %sqlinstance% \""+WScript.Arguments(2)+"\"", "", "runas"); >"%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" 
    call "%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" "%cd%" %0 "%sqllogin%" 
    del "%TEMP%\addsysadmin{7FC2CAE2-2E9E-47a0-ADE5-C43582022EA8}.js" 
    goto :EOF 
    :continue 
    rem 
    rem determine if the SQL service is running 
    rem 
    set srvstarted=0 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto queryerror 
    rem 
    rem if required, stop the SQL service 
    rem 
    if .%srvstate% == .1 goto startm 
    set srvstarted=1 
    @echo Stop the '%sqlservice%' service ... 
    net stop %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto stoperror 
    :startm 
    rem 
    rem start the SQL service with the '-m' option (single admin connection) and wait until its STATE is '4' (STARTED) 
    rem also use trace flags as follows: 
    rem     3659 - log all errors to errorlog 
    rem     4010 - enable shared memory only (lpc:) 
    rem     4022 - do not start autoprocs 
    rem 
    @echo Start the '%sqlservice%' service in maintenance mode ... 
    sc start %sqlservice% -m -T3659 -T4010 -T4022 >nul 
    if errorlevel 1 goto startmerror 
    :checkstate1 
    set srvstate=0 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sc query %sqlservice%`) do if .%%i == .STATE set srvstate=%%j 
    if .%srvstate% == .0 goto queryerror 
    if .%srvstate% == .1 goto startmerror 
    if NOT .%srvstate% == .4 goto checkstate1 
    rem 
    rem add the specified user to the sysadmin role 
    rem access tempdb to avoid a misleading shutdown error 
    rem 
    @echo Add '%sqllogin%' to the 'sysadmin' role ... 
    for /F "usebackq tokens=1,3" %%i in (`sqlcmd -S np:\\.\pipe\SQLLocal\%sqlinstance% -E -Q "create table #foo (bar int); declare @rc int; execute @rc = sp_addsrvrolemember '$(sqllogin)', 'sysadmin'; print 'RETURN_CODE : '+CAST(@rc as char)"`) do if .%%i == .RETURN_CODE set sqlresult=%%j 
    rem 
    rem stop the SQL service 
    rem 
    @echo Stop the '%sqlservice%' service ... 
    net stop %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto stoperror 
    if .%srvstarted% == .0 goto exit 
    rem 
    rem start the SQL service for normal connections 
    rem 
    net start %sqlservice% 
    if errorlevel 1 goto starterror 
    goto exit 
    rem 
    rem handle unexpected errors 
    rem 
    :existerror 
    sc query %sqlservice% 
    @echo '%sqlservice%' service is invalid 
    goto exit 
    :queryerror 
    @echo 'sc query %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :stoperror 
    @echo 'net stop %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :startmerror 
    @echo 'sc start %sqlservice% -m' failed 
    goto exit 
    :starterror 
    @echo 'net start %sqlservice%' failed 
    goto exit 
    :exit 
    if .%sqlresult% == .0 (@echo '%sqllogin%' was successfully added to the 'sysadmin' role.) else (@echo '%sqllogin%' was NOT added to the 'sysadmin' role: SQL return code is %sqlresult%.) 
    endlocal 
    pause

CREATE LOGIN [CONTOSO\PatK] FROM WINDOWS;   ALTER SERVER ROLE
sysadmin ADD MEMBER [CONTOSO\PatK];   

CREATE LOGIN TempLogin WITH PASSWORD = '************';   ALTER
SERVER ROLE sysadmin ADD MEMBER TempLogin;   

ALTER LOGIN sa WITH PASSWORD = '************';   Warning