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Swift 如何使用Xcode转换器创建USDZ文件？

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Swift 如何使用Xcode转换器创建USDZ文件？,swift,bash,augmented-reality,arkit,realitykit,Swift,Bash,Augmented Reality,Arkit,Realitykit,在2018年WWDC上，苹果宣布引入新的USDZ文件格式 关于创建USDZ文件，声明如下： 为了创建您自己的usdz文件，一个usdz_转换器作为Xcode 10测试版的一部分捆绑在一起。它是一个命令行工具，用于从OBJ文件、单帧Alembic（ABC）文件、USD文件（usda或USD.c）创建usdz文件 基本命令行是 xcrun usdz_converter myFile.obj myFile.usdz 我已经安装了Xcode 10 beta，但在2018年6月4日推出的Xcode 1

在2018年WWDC上，苹果宣布引入新的USDZ文件格式

关于创建USDZ文件，声明如下：

为了创建您自己的usdz文件，一个usdz_转换器作为Xcode 10测试版的一部分捆绑在一起。它是一个命令行工具，用于从OBJ文件、单帧Alembic（ABC）文件、USD文件（usda或USD.c）创建usdz文件

基本命令行是

xcrun usdz_converter myFile.obj myFile.usdz
我已经安装了Xcode 10 beta，但在2018年6月4日推出的Xcode 10 beta捆绑包（build 10L176w）中无法运行甚至无法找到usdz_转换器

注意：我仍然在macOS highSierra上运行，我还没有安装macOS Mojave 10.14测试版。。。但我不认为这就是原因

还有其他人能让这个xcrun usdz_转换器工作吗

如果是，请分享这些步骤

您必须在Xcode首选项中激活命令行工具，以防它们尚未激活（这就是我的情况）。请参见本主题：

更新日期：2021年1月15日

在Xcode 13的RC 1.5中导出命令 在macOS 11 Big Sur和Reality Composer 1.5中，对于Xcode 13，您现在可以直接从Reality Composer的UI导出一个
usdz
模型。为此，您只需在RealityComposer–首选项菜单中激活USDZ导出

你也可以使用


Xcode 13、12和11中的usdzconvert命令 在macOS 11 Big Sur和macOS 10.15 Catalina
USDZ converter
中，与以前的版本相比，具有丰富的命令集并支持更多的转换输入格式。但在使用它之前，你需要下载。不要忘记为Python usdz工具设置一个全局变量。以下是在终端中新命令的外观：

  • 在macOS Big Sur和macOS Catalina中，默认命令shell为ZSH
因此，如果要使用USDPython工具，需要使用以下终端命令创建Shell资源文件
.zshrc
：

touch ~/.zshrc
然后，您必须使用以下方法打开此文件：

open ~/.zshrc
现在，您可以将这些行添加到zsh资源文件中：

export PATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/USD:$PATH"
export PATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/usdzconvert:$PATH"
export PYTHONPATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/USD/lib/python:$PYTHONPATH"

echo "Now I can use USDPython commands here."
保存并重新启动终端

usdzconvert
是一个Python脚本，它将以下资产转换为
usdz
：

  • obj
  • gltf
  • fbx
  • abc
  • 美国农业部
  • 美国农业部
  • 美元
如果需要使用
FBX
格式转换，则必须下载并安装

然后在
.zshrc
文件中再添加一行：

export PYTHONPATH="/Applications/Autodesk/FBXPythonSDK/2020.0.1/lib/Python27_ub:$PYTHONPATH"
保存
.zshrc
文件并重新启动终端

以下是您可以在终端中看到的选项的完整列表，键入
usdzconvert-h
：

# DON'T USE usdzconvert 0.63 BECAUSE IT CAUSES ERRORS.

# DO USE usdzconvert 0.62
# or
# DO USE usdzconvert 0.64

outputFile                           Output .usd/usda/usdc/usdz files.
-h, --help                           Show this help message and exit.
-f <file>                            Read arguments from <file>
-v                                   Verbose output.
-url <url>                           Add URL metadata
-copyright "copyright message"       Add copyright metadata
-copytextures                        Copy texture files (for .usd/usda/usdc) workflows
-metersPerUnit value                 Set metersPerUnit attribute with float value
-loop                                Set animation loop flag to 1
-no-loop                             Set animation loop flag to 0
-m materialName                      Subsequent material arguments apply to this material.
-iOS12                               Make output file compatible with iOS 12 frameworks
-texCoordSet name                    The name of the texture coordinates to use for current material.
                        
-diffuseColor r,g,b                  Set diffuseColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0 .. 1]
-diffuseColor <file> fr,fg,fb        Use <file> as texture for diffuseColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-normal x,y,z                        Set normal to constant value x,y,z in tangent space [(-1, -1, -1), (1, 1, 1)].
-normal <file> fx,fy,fz              Use <file> as texture for normal.
                                     fx,fy,fz: (optional) constant fallback value, with values in the range [-1..1].
                        
-emissiveColor r,g,b                 Set emissiveColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0..1]
-emissiveColor <file> fr,fg,fb       Use <file> as texture for emissiveColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-metallic c                          Set metallic to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-metallic ch <file> fc               Use <file> as texture for metallic.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-roughness c                         Set roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-roughness ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-occlusion c                         Set occlusion to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-occlusion ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for occlusion.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-opacity c                           Set opacity to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-opacity ch <file> fc                Use <file> as texture for opacity.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoat c                         Set clearcoat to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoat ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for clearcoat.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoatRoughness c                Set clearcoat roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoatRoughness ch <file> fc     Use <file> as texture for clearcoat roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-g groupName [groupNames ...]        Apply subsequent material properties to the named group(s).
-m materialName [materialNames ...]  Apply subsequent material properties to the named material(s).
-h                                   Display help.
-a                                   Generate a .usda intermediate file.  Default is .usdc.
-l                                   Leave the intermediate .usd file in the source folder.
-v                                   Verbose output.
-f                    filePath       Read commands from a file.
-texCoordSet          set            The name of the texturemap coordinate set to use if multiple exist (no quotes).
-opacity              o              Floating point value 0.0...1.0

-color_default        r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-normal_default       r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-emissive_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-metallic_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-roughness_default    r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-ao_default           r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0

-color_map            filePath
-normal_map           filePath
-emissive_map         filePath
-metallic_map         filePath
-roughness_map        filePath
-ao_map               filePath
  • 在macOS Mojave中，默认命令shell是BASH
以下是您可以在终端中看到的选项的完整列表，键入
xcrun usdz_converter-h
：

# DON'T USE usdzconvert 0.63 BECAUSE IT CAUSES ERRORS.

# DO USE usdzconvert 0.62
# or
# DO USE usdzconvert 0.64

outputFile                           Output .usd/usda/usdc/usdz files.
-h, --help                           Show this help message and exit.
-f <file>                            Read arguments from <file>
-v                                   Verbose output.
-url <url>                           Add URL metadata
-copyright "copyright message"       Add copyright metadata
-copytextures                        Copy texture files (for .usd/usda/usdc) workflows
-metersPerUnit value                 Set metersPerUnit attribute with float value
-loop                                Set animation loop flag to 1
-no-loop                             Set animation loop flag to 0
-m materialName                      Subsequent material arguments apply to this material.
-iOS12                               Make output file compatible with iOS 12 frameworks
-texCoordSet name                    The name of the texture coordinates to use for current material.
                        
-diffuseColor r,g,b                  Set diffuseColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0 .. 1]
-diffuseColor <file> fr,fg,fb        Use <file> as texture for diffuseColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-normal x,y,z                        Set normal to constant value x,y,z in tangent space [(-1, -1, -1), (1, 1, 1)].
-normal <file> fx,fy,fz              Use <file> as texture for normal.
                                     fx,fy,fz: (optional) constant fallback value, with values in the range [-1..1].
                        
-emissiveColor r,g,b                 Set emissiveColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0..1]
-emissiveColor <file> fr,fg,fb       Use <file> as texture for emissiveColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-metallic c                          Set metallic to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-metallic ch <file> fc               Use <file> as texture for metallic.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-roughness c                         Set roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-roughness ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-occlusion c                         Set occlusion to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-occlusion ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for occlusion.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-opacity c                           Set opacity to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-opacity ch <file> fc                Use <file> as texture for opacity.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoat c                         Set clearcoat to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoat ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for clearcoat.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoatRoughness c                Set clearcoat roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoatRoughness ch <file> fc     Use <file> as texture for clearcoat roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-g groupName [groupNames ...]        Apply subsequent material properties to the named group(s).
-m materialName [materialNames ...]  Apply subsequent material properties to the named material(s).
-h                                   Display help.
-a                                   Generate a .usda intermediate file.  Default is .usdc.
-l                                   Leave the intermediate .usd file in the source folder.
-v                                   Verbose output.
-f                    filePath       Read commands from a file.
-texCoordSet          set            The name of the texturemap coordinate set to use if multiple exist (no quotes).
-opacity              o              Floating point value 0.0...1.0

-color_default        r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-normal_default       r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-emissive_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-metallic_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-roughness_default    r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-ao_default           r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0

-color_map            filePath
-normal_map           filePath
-emissive_map         filePath
-metallic_map         filePath
-roughness_map        filePath
-ao_map               filePath
您必须在Xcode>Preferences>Locations上启用Xcode 10命令行工具

运行该命令时会得到什么？我没有要尝试转换的文件，但当我运行命令时，它会打印出使用说明，因此它至少在那里。xcrun：错误：找不到实用程序“usdz_converter”，而不是开发工具或路径确保xcrun在正确的位置查找，通过使用
xcode select
将active developer目录设置为xcode-beta.app中的目录，或者为其提供
usdz_converter
Ok的完整路径，我有两个版本的xcode。。。所以我现在要调查一下。thanksxcode选择-p/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer应该是/Applications/Xcode beta 10.app/Contents/Developer-thanksI需要从使用v更改。9个命令行工具来使用10个beta命令行工具你对只使用Python工具而不使用XCode有什么建议吗？