Terminal 安装&x27；罗盘'；通过命令行接收错误“；extconf失败，退出代码1“；

找不到这个问题的答案。 运行OS X Yosemite Beta v2

遵循compass安装指南时，请确保您的gem是最新的

gem update --system

然后跑

gem install compass 

---

假设您的安装失败的原因与我的相同，您会注意到错误日志中的状态：

"You have to install development tools first."

因此，请安装xcode并尝试：

xcode-select --install

按照屏幕上的说明，你应该是金色的。作为参考，这是我在尝试时收到的错误

Computer:Folder User$ sudo gem install compass

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing compass:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20140904-3376-i1l5f8.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-ffi_c-dir
    --without-ffi_c-dir
    --with-ffi_c-include
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
    --with-ffi_c-lib
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
    --with-libffi-config
    --without-libffi-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `block in try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in `with_werror'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in `block in have_header'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in `block in checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in `postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in `checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in `have_header'
    from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.3 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.3/gem_make.out

计算机：文件夹用户$sudo gem安装指南针
构建本机扩展。这可能需要一段时间。。。
错误：安装指南针时出错：
错误：无法生成gem本机扩展。
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/Ruby-r./siteconf20140904-3376-i1l5f8.rb extconf.rb
正在检查ffi.h.。**extconf.rb失败***
由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或标题。有关详细信息，请查看mkmf.log文件。你可以
需要配置选项。
提供的配置选项：
--使用opt dir
--不带opt dir
--选择包含
--不带opt include=${opt dir}/include
--使用opt lib
--不带opt lib=${opt dir}/lib
--用make prog
--没有make prog
--srcdir=。
--库尔迪尔
--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
--带-ffi_c-dir
--不带-ffi_c-dir
--带-ffi_c-include
--不带-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
--带-ffi_c-lib
--不带-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
--使用libffi配置
--没有libffi配置
--使用pkg配置
--没有pkg配置
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:在“try_do”中：编译器未能生成可执行文件。（运行时错误）
您必须首先安装开发工具。
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in'block in try_compile'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in'with_werror'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in'try_compile'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in'block in have_header'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in'block in checking_'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in'block（2层）in
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in'open'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in'block in delay'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in'open'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in“推迟”
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in'checking_'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in'have_header'
来自extconf.rb:16:in`'
extconf失败，退出代码1
Gem文件仍将安装在/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/Gems/ffi-1.9.3中以供检查。
结果记录到/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.3/gem_make.out

如果已安装XCODE，则需要打开。 因为操作系统需要添加组件，而这些组件是在您打开应用程序时添加的

再次尝试运行

sudo gem安装指南针

---

享受吧

遇到了同样的问题，也使用了

xcode-select--install

，但没有帮助。 我必须从这里下载正确的dmg

https://developer.apple.com/downloads/?name=for%20Xcode

---

自10.11.1版XCode 7.1以来，

XCode select--install

正常工作如果在更新OSX后遇到此问题，您需要打开XCode并接受许可协议