Ubuntu gstreamer:没有可用于类型'；音频/x-wav'；/没有找到合适的插件

我开发了一个Kivy Python应用程序。它应该有一个良好的效果。 在Kivy中，它很简单：

from kivy.core.audio import SoundLoader
...
    def btn(self):
        sound = SoundLoader.load("images/crunch.ogg")
        if sound:
            sound.play()

当这段代码运行时，我得到：

[WARNING] [AudioGstplayer] b"No decoder available for type 'audio/x-wav'."
[ERROR  ] [AudioGstplayer] b'Your GStreamer installation is missing a plug-in.'
[ERROR  ] [AudioGstplayer] b'Internal data stream error.'

我知道Kivy使用GStreamer。因此，我尝试在终端中使用其基本实用程序播放声音：

(base) $ gst-play-1.0 -v PycharmProjects/dima_kivy/images/crunch.wav
Press 'k' to see a list of keyboard shortcuts.
Now playing /home/slv/PycharmProjects/dima_kivy/images/crunch.wav
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: ring-buffer-max-size = 0
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: buffer-size = -1
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: buffer-duration = -1
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: use-buffering = false
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: download = false
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: uri = file:///home/slv/PycharmProjects/dima_kivy/images/crunch.wav
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: connection-speed = 0
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0: source = "\(GstFileSrc\)\ source"
/GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0/GstDecodeBin:decodebin0/GstTypeFindElement:typefind.GstPad:src: caps = audio/x-wav
WARNING No decoder available for type 'audio/x-wav'.
WARNING debug information: gsturidecodebin.c(921): unknown_type_cb (): /GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0
ERROR Your GStreamer installation is missing a plug-in. for file:///home/slv/PycharmProjects/dima_kivy/images/crunch.wav
ERROR debug information: gsturidecodebin.c(988): no_more_pads_full (): /GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0:
no suitable plugins found:
gstdecodebin2.c(4679): gst_decode_bin_expose (): /GstPlayBin:playbin/GstURIDecodeBin:uridecodebin0/GstDecodeBin:decodebin0:
no suitable plugins found:
Missing decoder: WAV (audio/x-wav)

看来问题不在于基维。 我在谷歌上搜索了一些安装帮助的人，我也这样做了：

sudo apt-get install libgstreamer1.0-0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-doc gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 gstreamer1.0-qt5 gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio

运行此“全部安装”命令不会改变任何内容。行为保持不变。 我想可能有一些错误的配置，但我甚至不知道在哪里可以找到(

求求你，救命

我的系统：Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS

gst-inspect-1.0输出：

(base) slv@slv-ubuntu-comp:~$ gst-inspect-1.0 audio/x-wav
Factory Details:
  Rank                     primary (256)
  Name                     audio/x-wav
  Caps                     audio/x-wav
  Extensions               wav

Plugin Details:
  Name                     typefindfunctions
  Description              default typefind functions
  Filename                 /home/slv/miniconda3/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgsttypefindfunctions.so
  Version                  1.14.5
  License                  LGPL
  Source module            gst-plugins-base
  Source release date      2019-05-29
  Binary package           GStreamer Base Plug-ins source release
  Origin URL               Unknown package origin

---

最后我发现，当我使用conda安装时：

conda install kivy -c conda-forge

我不小心也在conda环境中创建了它，结果是gstreamer标准Ubuntu安装的系统路径被覆盖。 因此，我通过移除康达环境中的kivy，修复了我的基础conda环境。 现在命令gst-play-1.0~/PycharmProjects/dima_kivy/images/crunch.wav运行良好，在基本环境中产生预期的声音

至于在我的开发环境中出现的错误“gstreamer:No decoder available for type'audio/x-wav'/找不到合适的插件”，我已经向前迈出了一步，在我的开发环境中安装了conda forge的good插件，如下所示：

conda install gst-plugins-good -c conda-forge

它修复了标题中提到的错误，但我的电脑仍然没有声音。 对于这个新问题，我将向stackoverflow社区提出另一个问题

conda install gst-plugins-good -c conda-forge