Logstash：将URL参数放入哈希

我正在尝试使用Logstash和ElasticSearch来监视我的Apache Web服务器活动。现在，它运行得很好，但我需要更多关于我的请求字段的具体信息。 此时，我的日志存储配置为：

filter {
  grok { match => { "message" => "%{COMBINEDAPACHELOG}" } }
  grok { match => { "request" => [ "url", "%{URIPATH:url_path}%{URIPARAM:url_params}?" ]} }
   urldecode{ field => "url_path" }
   mutate { gsub =>  ["url_params","\?","" ] }
   kv {
     field_split => "&"
     source => "url_params"
     prefix => "url_param_"
   }
   date { match => [ "timestamp" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ] }
   geoip { source => "clientip" }
   useragent { source => "agent" }
 }

{
         "message" => "255.254.230.10 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] \"GET /xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal:%3A12345 HTTP/1.1\" 200 3891 \"http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php\" \"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0\"",
        "@version" => "1",
      "@timestamp" => "2013-12-11T08:01:45.000Z",
            ...
         "request" => "/xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345",
        "url_path" => "/xampp/boreal:123456/status.php",
      "url_params" => "pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345",
"url_param_pretty" => "true",
  "url_param_test" => "boreal%3A12345",
           ...    
}

获取基本apache日志：

255.254.230.10 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] "GET /xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345 HTTP/1.1" 200 3891 "http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0"

第一次配置的结果是：

filter {
  grok { match => { "message" => "%{COMBINEDAPACHELOG}" } }
  grok { match => { "request" => [ "url", "%{URIPATH:url_path}%{URIPARAM:url_params}?" ]} }
   urldecode{ field => "url_path" }
   mutate { gsub =>  ["url_params","\?","" ] }
   kv {
     field_split => "&"
     source => "url_params"
     prefix => "url_param_"
   }
   date { match => [ "timestamp" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ] }
   geoip { source => "clientip" }
   useragent { source => "agent" }
 }

{
         "message" => "255.254.230.10 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] \"GET /xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal:%3A12345 HTTP/1.1\" 200 3891 \"http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php\" \"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0\"",
        "@version" => "1",
      "@timestamp" => "2013-12-11T08:01:45.000Z",
            ...
         "request" => "/xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345",
        "url_path" => "/xampp/boreal:123456/status.php",
      "url_params" => "pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345",
"url_param_pretty" => "true",
  "url_param_test" => "boreal%3A12345",
           ...    
}

并且（在梦境中），我希望url参数有以下响应：

{
         ...
         "request" => "/xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal%3A12345",
        "url_path" => "/xampp/boreal:123456/status.php",
      "url_params" => {
                "pretty" => "true",
        "url_param_test" => "boreal:12345"
      },
           ...    
}

我的口哨声

• url_参数将成为哈希数组
• 此散列的每个键都将是参数的名称
• 每个对应的值都将是urldecode值

问题

• 我是否需要创建自己的插件（我还不熟悉ruby）
• 它是否存在一个现有的插件（我没有找到…可能是错误的搜索）
• 这是一种不用插件的方法吗

谢谢你的帮助（对不起我的英语）

雷诺

解决方案：

多亏了瓦尔，他找到了解决办法。我将配置更改为：

grok { match => { "request" => [ "url", "%{URIPATH:url_path}%{URIPARAM:url_params}?" ]} }
urldecode{ field => "url_path" }
mutate { gsub =>  ["url_params","\?","" ] }
kv {
  field_split => "&"
  source => "url_params"
  target => "url_params_hash"
}
urldecode{ field => "url_params_hash" }

---

使用此解决方案，即使url参数字符串中有一个“&”（%26）字符，拆分也是正确的。

使用

kv

过滤器，您的操作几乎是正确的。您需要稍微更改一下它的配置

您还需要在路径的另一个过滤器之后为

url_参数

添加另一个

urldecode

过滤器

urldecode{ field => "url_path" }
urldecode{ field => "url_params" }
mutate { gsub =>  ["url_params","\?","" ] }
kv {
  field_split => "&"
  source => "url_params"
  target => "url_params_hash"
}

你会得到这样的结果：

{
        "message" => "255.254.230.10 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] \"GET /xampp/boreal%3A123456/status.php?pretty=true&test=boreal:%3A12345 HTTP/1.1\" 200 3891 \"http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php\" \"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0\"",
       "@version" => "1",
     "@timestamp" => "2013-12-11T08:01:45.000Z",
"url_params_hash" => {
         "pretty" => "true",
           "test" => "boreal:12345"
     }
}

---

是 啊它工作得很好。非常感谢。我更改了顺序或urldecode:urldecode on“url_params”字段在“kv”过滤器之后完成。这样做，如果参数字符串中有一个“&”（%26）就没有问题了。太棒了，很高兴它有帮助！请注意，您应该编辑您的问题而不是我的答案：）是。。。坏点击对不起。您可以从答案中删除我的解决方案；-）