传递开关（例如-includemangementtools）以将WindowsFeature作为变量安装

我用它作为一种方法，最终能够正确使用Stackoverflow

我正在尝试将以下行作为更大脚本的一部分运行：

Install-WindowsFeature Web-Server -IncludeManagementTools

这显然是独立工作的，但当我尝试将“-includemangementtools”作为变量的一部分传递时就不行了

我正在阅读要作为文本文件的一部分安装的功能列表，其中一些具有选项参数，如-includemangementtools。传递第一部分“Web服务器”可以正常工作，传递第二部分则不行，除非直接输入控制台，即

    $var="Web-Server"        
    Install-WindowsFeature $var -IncludeManagementTools

完整的当前代码如下；我尝试过拆分变量以及下面的内容，并使用Switch语句而不是if循环，但可选参数总是被误解为要安装的功能的名称，例如：

    $currentline = "Web-Server -IncludeManagementTools"
    Install-WindowsFeature $currentline.Split(" ")[0]

有效，但是

    $currentline = "Web-Server -IncludeManagementTools"
    Install-WindowsFeature $currentline.Split(" ")[0] $currentline.split(" ")[1]

失败了。非常感谢您的帮助

完整代码：

Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true,Position=1)]
    [string]$ConfigFilePath
)

$featurelist = Import-Csv $ConfigFilePath

# Install requested features
$featurelist | % {
    # The install commands have some optional switches which could be in the input file
    # to avoid an error reading in the Install-* commands, split on " " and feed into the command as seperate strings
    If ( $_.feature -contains " " ) {
        If ( $_.feature -eq "-IncludeManagementTools") {Install-WindowsFeature -Name "($_.feature.Split(" ")[0]) -IncludeManagementTools"}
        Else {}
        If ( $_.feature -eq "-IncludeAllSubFeature") { Install-WindowsFeature -Name "($_.feature.Split(" ")[0]) -IncludeAllSubfeature" }
        Else {}
        }
    Else {
        Install-WindowsFeature -Name $_.feature
    }
}

$installed = @()

# Check installs work
$featurelist | % {
    # The install commands have some optional switches which could be in the input file
    # to avoid an error reading in the Get-* commands, remove anything that comes after a space (ie effectively removing optional switches)
    $installed += Get-WindowsFeature -Name $_.feature.Split(" ")[0]
    }

$missing = $installed | ? { $_.Installed -eq $false }

If (!($missing)) {
    Write-Host "All requested features installed ok." -ForegroundColor Green -BackgroundColor Black
}
Else {
    Write-Host "Some features requested weren't installed.  They will be outputted below." -ForegroundColor Black -BackgroundColor Red
    $missing
}

---

这不是一个直接的答案，更像是一个建议，建议您改变设置的结构，使其更明确、更易于维护

在我看来，你会从中受益。它允许您使用哈希表保存命令的参数，这可以使动态参数更容易一些

$WindowsFeatureParameters = @{
    Name = 'Web-Server'
    IncludeManagementTools = $true
}
Install-WindowsFeature @WindowsFeatureParameters

我还将更改您的CSV文件，使每个参数具有不同的列。想象一下：

FeatureName,IncludeManagementTools,IncludeAllSubFeature
Web-Server,Yes,No

现在您可以指定：

$FeatureList = Import-Csv $ConfigFilePath 
foreach ($Feature in $FeatureList) {
    $WindowsFeatureParameters = @{
        Name = 'Web-Server'
        IncludeManagementTools = ($Feature.IncludeManagementTools -eq 'Yes')
        IncludeAllSubFeature= ($Feature.IncludeAllSubFeature -eq 'Yes')
    }
    Install-WindowsFeature @WindowsFeatureParameters
}

$Installed = foreach ($Feature in $FeatureList) {
    Get-WindowsFeature -Name $Feature.FeatureName
}

$Missing = $Installed | Where-Object Installed -eq $false

---

或者，可以使用开关指定变量以控制其值：

# Install with management tools
$ManagementTools = $true
Install-WindowsFeature 'Web-Server' -IncludeManagementTools:$ManagementTools

# Install without management tools
$ManagementTools = $false
Install-WindowsFeature 'Web-Server' -IncludeManagementTools:$ManagementTools

显然，

$ManagementTools

可以通过任何布尔测试进行设置。

运行后

Install-WindowsFeature Web-Server -IncludeManagementTools

运行以下命令

Get-WindowsFeature

---

它应该显示所有安装的windows功能。“Include Management Tools”开关中包含的任何内容都会被分解，并具有自己的功能名称。因此，任何东西都可以使用“Install WindowsFeature-Name xxx”来安装。

我想我会使用这种方法，使用一些逻辑来构造包含所需参数的哈希表。谢谢-我实际上使用了下面的技术来指定子功能，但这对未来来说是一个有用的思考过程。我认为这是一个非常优雅的解决方案，虽然运行Get-*实际上不起作用，但我通过通配符搜索找到了它：PS C:\Users\manniisup>Get WindowsFeature tools Display Name Install State----------------[X]管理工具Web管理工具InstalledIt是Get-WindowsFeature，而不是Get-x，因此我不会因为您误解了我的原始回复而对其进行否决。嗨，Erik，我不是有意否决的，抱歉-对Stack来说是新手，我确实理解了答案（这是一个星星而不是x）！我同意这是一个更优雅的解决方案，但你有没有尝试过，看看它是否与我描述的问题不符？