如何在不使用存储函数或过程的情况下，将C ODP.NET中的Oracle Ref游标用作ReturnValue参数？

我需要帮助理解我尝试使用Ref游标作为多个记录/值的ReturnValue参数的方式是否可行，PL/SQL只是OracleCommand对象的CommandText，而不是存储过程或函数中的CommandText

如果这是不可能的，那么我试图找到一种方法来发出PL/SQL语句，该语句将更新未知数量的记录，这取决于有多少记录与WHERE子句匹配，并返回OracleDataReader中更新的所有记录的ID，使用到数据库的单次往返，而不使用存储过程或函数

我正在使用ODP.NET与Oracle11g合作，以便与现有的C.NET4.0代码库进行通信，该代码库使用SQL连接来检索/修改数据。我使用的简化测试表定义如下所示：

CREATE TABLE WorkerStatus
(
    Id                  NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateId            NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateReasonId      NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,CONSTRAINT PK_WorkerStatus PRIMARY KEY ( Id )
)

BEGIN
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (1, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (2, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (3, 0, 0)';
END;

DECLARE
    TYPE id_array IS TABLE OF WorkerStatus.Id%TYPE INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;    

    t_ids   id_array;
BEGIN
    UPDATE WorkerStatus
    SET
         StateId = :StateId
        ,StateReasonId = :StateReasonId
    WHERE
        StateId = :CurrentStateId
    RETURNING Id BULK COLLECT INTO t_Ids;
    SELECT Id FROM t_Ids;
END;

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Text;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Types;
namespace OracleDbTest
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Load the SQL command from the script file.
        StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
        sql.Append(Properties.Resources.Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2);

        // Build and excute the command.
        OracleConnection cn = new OracleConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["OracleSystemConnection"].ConnectionString);
        using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql.ToString(), cn))
        {
            cmd.BindByName = true;
            cn.Open();

            OracleParameter UpdatedRecords  = new OracleParameter();
            UpdatedRecords.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.RefCursor;
            UpdatedRecords.Direction        = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
            UpdatedRecords.ParameterName    = "rcursor";

            OracleParameter StateId         = new OracleParameter();
            StateId.OracleDbType            = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateId.Value                   = 1;
            StateId.ParameterName           = "StateId";

            OracleParameter StateReasonId   = new OracleParameter();
            StateReasonId.OracleDbType      = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateReasonId.Value             = 1;
            StateReasonId.ParameterName     = "StateReasonId";

            OracleParameter CurrentStateId  = new OracleParameter();
            CurrentStateId.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.Int32;
            CurrentStateId.Value            = 0;
            CurrentStateId.ParameterName    = "CurrentStateId";

            cmd.Parameters.Add(UpdatedRecords);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateReasonId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(CurrentStateId);

            try
            {
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                OracleDataReader dr = ((OracleRefCursor)UpdatedRecords.Value).GetDataReader();
                while (dr.Read())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("{0} affected.", dr.GetValue(0));
                }
                dr.Close();
            }
            catch (OracleException e)
            {
                foreach (OracleError err in e.Errors)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                }
            }
            cn.Close();
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Press Any Key To Exit.\n");
        Console.ReadKey(false);
    }
  }
}

我用三个测试值预先填充表格，如下所示：

CREATE TABLE WorkerStatus
(
    Id                  NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateId            NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateReasonId      NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,CONSTRAINT PK_WorkerStatus PRIMARY KEY ( Id )
)

BEGIN
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (1, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (2, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (3, 0, 0)';
END;

DECLARE
    TYPE id_array IS TABLE OF WorkerStatus.Id%TYPE INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;    

    t_ids   id_array;
BEGIN
    UPDATE WorkerStatus
    SET
         StateId = :StateId
        ,StateReasonId = :StateReasonId
    WHERE
        StateId = :CurrentStateId
    RETURNING Id BULK COLLECT INTO t_Ids;
    SELECT Id FROM t_Ids;
END;

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Text;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Types;
namespace OracleDbTest
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Load the SQL command from the script file.
        StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
        sql.Append(Properties.Resources.Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2);

        // Build and excute the command.
        OracleConnection cn = new OracleConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["OracleSystemConnection"].ConnectionString);
        using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql.ToString(), cn))
        {
            cmd.BindByName = true;
            cn.Open();

            OracleParameter UpdatedRecords  = new OracleParameter();
            UpdatedRecords.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.RefCursor;
            UpdatedRecords.Direction        = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
            UpdatedRecords.ParameterName    = "rcursor";

            OracleParameter StateId         = new OracleParameter();
            StateId.OracleDbType            = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateId.Value                   = 1;
            StateId.ParameterName           = "StateId";

            OracleParameter StateReasonId   = new OracleParameter();
            StateReasonId.OracleDbType      = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateReasonId.Value             = 1;
            StateReasonId.ParameterName     = "StateReasonId";

            OracleParameter CurrentStateId  = new OracleParameter();
            CurrentStateId.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.Int32;
            CurrentStateId.Value            = 0;
            CurrentStateId.ParameterName    = "CurrentStateId";

            cmd.Parameters.Add(UpdatedRecords);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateReasonId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(CurrentStateId);

            try
            {
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                OracleDataReader dr = ((OracleRefCursor)UpdatedRecords.Value).GetDataReader();
                while (dr.Read())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("{0} affected.", dr.GetValue(0));
                }
                dr.Close();
            }
            catch (OracleException e)
            {
                foreach (OracleError err in e.Errors)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                }
            }
            cn.Close();
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Press Any Key To Exit.\n");
        Console.ReadKey(false);
    }
  }
}

从名为Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2的脚本文件加载并包含在OracleCommand.CommandText中的现有SQL语句如下所示：

CREATE TABLE WorkerStatus
(
    Id                  NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateId            NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateReasonId      NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,CONSTRAINT PK_WorkerStatus PRIMARY KEY ( Id )
)

BEGIN
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (1, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (2, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (3, 0, 0)';
END;

DECLARE
    TYPE id_array IS TABLE OF WorkerStatus.Id%TYPE INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;    

    t_ids   id_array;
BEGIN
    UPDATE WorkerStatus
    SET
         StateId = :StateId
        ,StateReasonId = :StateReasonId
    WHERE
        StateId = :CurrentStateId
    RETURNING Id BULK COLLECT INTO t_Ids;
    SELECT Id FROM t_Ids;
END;

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Text;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Types;
namespace OracleDbTest
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Load the SQL command from the script file.
        StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
        sql.Append(Properties.Resources.Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2);

        // Build and excute the command.
        OracleConnection cn = new OracleConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["OracleSystemConnection"].ConnectionString);
        using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql.ToString(), cn))
        {
            cmd.BindByName = true;
            cn.Open();

            OracleParameter UpdatedRecords  = new OracleParameter();
            UpdatedRecords.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.RefCursor;
            UpdatedRecords.Direction        = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
            UpdatedRecords.ParameterName    = "rcursor";

            OracleParameter StateId         = new OracleParameter();
            StateId.OracleDbType            = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateId.Value                   = 1;
            StateId.ParameterName           = "StateId";

            OracleParameter StateReasonId   = new OracleParameter();
            StateReasonId.OracleDbType      = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateReasonId.Value             = 1;
            StateReasonId.ParameterName     = "StateReasonId";

            OracleParameter CurrentStateId  = new OracleParameter();
            CurrentStateId.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.Int32;
            CurrentStateId.Value            = 0;
            CurrentStateId.ParameterName    = "CurrentStateId";

            cmd.Parameters.Add(UpdatedRecords);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateReasonId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(CurrentStateId);

            try
            {
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                OracleDataReader dr = ((OracleRefCursor)UpdatedRecords.Value).GetDataReader();
                while (dr.Read())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("{0} affected.", dr.GetValue(0));
                }
                dr.Close();
            }
            catch (OracleException e)
            {
                foreach (OracleError err in e.Errors)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                }
            }
            cn.Close();
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Press Any Key To Exit.\n");
        Console.ReadKey(false);
    }
  }
}

我创建了一个小的C测试程序，试图隔离我在哪里得到一个ORA-01036非法变量名/编号错误，其主体如下所示：

CREATE TABLE WorkerStatus
(
    Id                  NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateId            NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,StateReasonId      NUMERIC(38)         NOT NULL
    ,CONSTRAINT PK_WorkerStatus PRIMARY KEY ( Id )
)

BEGIN
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (1, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (2, 0, 0)';
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO WorkerStatus (Id, StateId, StateReasonId)
                        VALUES (3, 0, 0)';
END;

DECLARE
    TYPE id_array IS TABLE OF WorkerStatus.Id%TYPE INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;    

    t_ids   id_array;
BEGIN
    UPDATE WorkerStatus
    SET
         StateId = :StateId
        ,StateReasonId = :StateReasonId
    WHERE
        StateId = :CurrentStateId
    RETURNING Id BULK COLLECT INTO t_Ids;
    SELECT Id FROM t_Ids;
END;

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Text;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
using Oracle.DataAccess.Types;
namespace OracleDbTest
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Load the SQL command from the script file.
        StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
        sql.Append(Properties.Resources.Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2);

        // Build and excute the command.
        OracleConnection cn = new OracleConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["OracleSystemConnection"].ConnectionString);
        using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql.ToString(), cn))
        {
            cmd.BindByName = true;
            cn.Open();

            OracleParameter UpdatedRecords  = new OracleParameter();
            UpdatedRecords.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.RefCursor;
            UpdatedRecords.Direction        = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
            UpdatedRecords.ParameterName    = "rcursor";

            OracleParameter StateId         = new OracleParameter();
            StateId.OracleDbType            = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateId.Value                   = 1;
            StateId.ParameterName           = "StateId";

            OracleParameter StateReasonId   = new OracleParameter();
            StateReasonId.OracleDbType      = OracleDbType.Int32;
            StateReasonId.Value             = 1;
            StateReasonId.ParameterName     = "StateReasonId";

            OracleParameter CurrentStateId  = new OracleParameter();
            CurrentStateId.OracleDbType     = OracleDbType.Int32;
            CurrentStateId.Value            = 0;
            CurrentStateId.ParameterName    = "CurrentStateId";

            cmd.Parameters.Add(UpdatedRecords);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(StateReasonId);
            cmd.Parameters.Add(CurrentStateId);

            try
            {
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                OracleDataReader dr = ((OracleRefCursor)UpdatedRecords.Value).GetDataReader();
                while (dr.Read())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("{0} affected.", dr.GetValue(0));
                }
                dr.Close();
            }
            catch (OracleException e)
            {
                foreach (OracleError err in e.Errors)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Message:\n{0}\nSource:\n{1}\n", err.Message, err.Source);
                }
            }
            cn.Close();
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Press Any Key To Exit.\n");
        Console.ReadKey(false);
    }
  }
}

我尝试过更改参数名称，命名和不命名UpdatedRecords参数，更改顺序以使UpdatedRecords是第一个还是最后一个。到目前为止，我发现的最接近的问题是下面的StackOverflow问题，但据我所知，它仍然使用存储函数

运行SQL Developer中的Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2 PL/SQL脚本，它会打开Enter Binds对话框，在其中输入CurentStateId、StateId和StateReasonId的值，如上面的代码所示，但它会给出以下错误报告：

Error report:
ORA-06550: line 13, column 17:
PL/SQL: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
ORA-06550: line 13, column 2:
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
06550. 00000 -  "line %s, column %s:\n%s"
*Cause:    Usually a PL/SQL compilation error.
*Action:

---

我真的不明白为什么它告诉我这个表不存在，当我定义了WorkerStatus表，并声明了id_数组类型的t_id变量也是一个表时。非常感谢您的帮助。

我将尝试回答，而不是另一个评论

正如我在一篇评论中所说，纯/简单select语句在PL/SQL中不起作用。但我说得不对，需要一个存储函数来返回ref游标

但首先要做的是：您在PL/SQL块中声明的类型id_数组是PL/SQL类型。它不能在ref cursor select语句中使用。相反，您需要一个SQL类型：

create type id_array as table of number;

这只需要执行一次，就像创建表一样

您的PL/SQL块可以如下所示：

DECLARE
    t_ids   id_array;
BEGIN
    UPDATE WorkerStatus
    SET
         StateId = :StateId
        ,StateReasonId = :StateReasonId
    WHERE
        StateId = :CurrentStateId
    RETURNING Id BULK COLLECT INTO t_Ids;

    OPEN :rcursor FOR SELECT * FROM TABLE(cast(t_Ids as id_array));    
END;

附言：

---

在整理这篇文章时，我意识到ORA-00942可能来自哪里。数组t_id基于PL/SQL类型，SQL端不知道/不可用。

这可能是特权/可见性问题吗？当您在中手动连接到正在执行脚本oracle_UpdateWorkerstatus 2的oracle帐户时，是否可以从表workerstatus中进行选择？我可以从workerstatus表中进行选择，也可以删除并创建它。我是Oracle的新手，所以我不知道使用ref游标是否需要任何特权，但我们的I.t./DBA技术人员为我设置了开发人员通常使用的所有特权，所以我不认为这是特权问题。不过我会在周一问他。我们的DBA检查过了，他不知道做我正在尝试的事情需要什么特权。另外，他快速扫描了我这里的东西，没有发现它不起作用的任何原因。有没有想过我可能做错了什么，或者用其他方式来实现目标？对不起，保罗，我被C代码误导了。因此，您已经在从SQLDeveloper执行脚本，而不是从某些应用程序代码调用它。查看该脚本，我现在希望最后一个select会导致异常，因为它不包含into子句。在PL/SQL内部，您不能只进行选择。结果集需要放入变量中。您要么需要使用存储函数通过其返回值传递数据，要么需要执行纯SQL。update语句不正是您想要的吗？更新WorkerStatus。。。正在返回Id；。不成条款。谢谢你，尤尔根。我首先尝试通过ODP.NET从C控制台应用程序运行SQL，但失败后，我尝试只运行SQL开发人员提供的SQL。据我所知，使用ODP.NET，从更新返回多条记录到应用程序的唯一方法是通过引用游标或数组。对于阵列，似乎您必须提前知道记录计数，这对我不起作用。我不知道如何引导Returning子句返回到Ref游标。因此，我不认为仅仅使用Returning子句就可以处理应用程序。顺便说一句，对于稍后看到这一点的任何人，我已经编辑了上面的C代码，以使用：rcursor，而不是：ReturnValue。获取示例工作地点 将C代码转换为新的控制台应用程序，用Juergen的PL/SQL块替换Oracle_UpdateWorkerStatus2脚本文件中的PL/SQL。如Juergen所述，执行一次创建类型。然后运行C控制台应用程序，它应该列出受影响记录的3个ID。