Android studio 为什么我会遇到这个安卓工作室错误：“；使用-fPIC“重新编译”；？

我正在使用NDK 18，并使用x86_64 NDK独立工具链分别编译一个静态库。我可以成功链接它，但当我尝试以一种非平凡的方式访问库时，我在构建时会遇到几十个错误，比如：

... requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC

有关生成文件的详细信息，请参见我的上一个问题：

按照这里的建议：我确保使用

-fPIC

编译静态库（使用VERBOSE=1的CMake确认使用了

-fPIC

），但我仍然得到了错误。据我所知，如果不侵入它的CMake文件，我无法将其编译为一个共享库

这里有一些答案：建议直接在编译器后面添加

-fPIC

。我也试过了，但没有成功

编译静态库的示例输出（确认cmake正在使用

-fPIC

）：

错误：

Build command failed.
Error while executing process /home/wyoumans/Android/Sdk/cmake/3.6.4111459/bin/cmake with arguments {--build /home/wyoumans/AndroidStudioProjects/SEALApp/app/.externalNativeBuild/cmake/debug/x86_64 --target native-lib}
[1/2] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o
[2/2] Linking CXX shared library ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/x86_64/libnative-lib.so
FAILED: : && /opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/clang++  --target=x86_64-none-linux-android21 --gcc-toolchain=/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 --sysroot=/opt/android-ndk-r18/sysroot -fPIC -fPIC -isystem /opt/android-ndk-r18/sysroot/usr/include/x86_64-linux-android -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security -std=c++11 -std=gnu++1z -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info  -Wl,--exclude-libs,libgcc.a -Wl,--exclude-libs,libatomic.a -nostdlib++ --sysroot /opt/android-ndk-r18/platforms/android-21/arch-x86_64 -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--warn-shared-textrel -Wl,--fatal-warnings -L/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Qunused-arguments -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -shared -Wl,-soname,libnative-lib.so -o ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/x86_64/libnative-lib.so CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o  ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a /opt/android-ndk-r18/platforms/android-21/arch-x86_64/usr/lib64/liblog.so -latomic -lm "/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64/libc++_static.a" "/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64/libc++abi.a" && :
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTCNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE0_NS_13basic_ostreamIcS2_EE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_stringbufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_stringbufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_streambufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_streambufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(biguint.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(smallmodulus.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(globals.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZN4seal4util16global_variables18global_memory_poolE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(hash.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZN4seal4util12HashFunction3rhoE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(mempool.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVN4seal4util16MemoryPoolHeadMTE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(uintarith.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: warning: shared library text segment is not shareable
clang++: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

---

编译步骤包括以下内容：

-fPIC-fPIE

我相信现在的情况是后者正在压倒前者。饼图仅对可执行文件有效，对库无效

---

我认为

-fPIE

标志可能来自您的构建脚本？NDK CMake工具链文件确实附加了

-fPIE

，但仅适用于可执行文件。

再次感谢！你说得对。自从我在androidndk独立工具链网站上使用了这个例子之后，我就有了这两个标志，但结果是我交换了它们。我首先需要

-fPIC

。

Build command failed.
Error while executing process /home/wyoumans/Android/Sdk/cmake/3.6.4111459/bin/cmake with arguments {--build /home/wyoumans/AndroidStudioProjects/SEALApp/app/.externalNativeBuild/cmake/debug/x86_64 --target native-lib}
[1/2] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o
[2/2] Linking CXX shared library ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/x86_64/libnative-lib.so
FAILED: : && /opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/clang++  --target=x86_64-none-linux-android21 --gcc-toolchain=/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 --sysroot=/opt/android-ndk-r18/sysroot -fPIC -fPIC -isystem /opt/android-ndk-r18/sysroot/usr/include/x86_64-linux-android -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security -std=c++11 -std=gnu++1z -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info  -Wl,--exclude-libs,libgcc.a -Wl,--exclude-libs,libatomic.a -nostdlib++ --sysroot /opt/android-ndk-r18/platforms/android-21/arch-x86_64 -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--warn-shared-textrel -Wl,--fatal-warnings -L/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Qunused-arguments -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -shared -Wl,-soname,libnative-lib.so -o ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/x86_64/libnative-lib.so CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o  ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a /opt/android-ndk-r18/platforms/android-21/arch-x86_64/usr/lib64/liblog.so -latomic -lm "/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64/libc++_static.a" "/opt/android-ndk-r18/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/x86_64/libc++abi.a" && :
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTCNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE0_NS_13basic_ostreamIcS2_EE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk119basic_ostringstreamIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_stringbufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_stringbufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEENS_9allocatorIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_streambufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(bigpoly.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVNSt6__ndk115basic_streambufIcNS_11char_traitsIcEEEE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(biguint.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(smallmodulus.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(globals.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZN4seal4util16global_variables18global_memory_poolE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(hash.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZN4seal4util12HashFunction3rhoE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(mempool.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZTVN4seal4util16MemoryPoolHeadMTE' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: error: ../../../../libs/seal/x86_64/lib/libseal.a(uintarith.cpp.o): requires dynamic R_X86_64_PC32 reloc against '_ZZN4seal4util21get_msb_index_genericEPmmE15deBruijnTable64' which may overflow at runtime; recompile with -fPIC
/opt/android-ndk-r18/toolchains/x86_64-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../x86_64-linux-android/bin/ld: warning: shared library text segment is not shareable
clang++: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.