Android ListView性能低下

我已经使用Listview/customcursoradapter创建了一个食谱列表。自定义布局包括配方的照片，现在我在查看和滚动

ListView

时遇到了一些问题，尽管它只有10条记录（目标是150条）。有时我会遇到这样的错误

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:位图大小超过VM预算

，我尝试实现

AsyncTask

，但失败了。有什么办法可以克服这个问题吗

非常感谢你的帮助

这是我的

getView

方法

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    View row = super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
    Cursor cursbbn  = getCursor();
    if (row == null)
    {
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) localContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        row = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listtype, null);
    }

    String Title = cursbbn.getString(2);
    String SandID=cursbbn.getString(1);
    String Readyin = cursbbn.getString(4);
    String Faovoites=cursbbn.getString(8);

    TextView titler=(TextView)row.findViewById(R.id.listmaintitle);
    TextView readyinr=(TextView)row.findViewById(R.id.listreadyin);

    int colorPos = position % colors.length;
    row.setBackgroundColor(colors[colorPos]);

    titler.setText(Title);
    readyinr.setText(Readyin);

    ImageView picture = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

    Bitmap bitImg1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0001);
    Bitmap bitImg2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0002);
    Bitmap bitImg3 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0003);
    Bitmap bitImg4 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0004);
    Bitmap bitImg5 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0005);
    Bitmap bitImg6 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0006);
    Bitmap bitImg7 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0007);
    Bitmap bitImg8 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0008);
    Bitmap bitImg9 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0009);
    Bitmap bitImg10 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0010);

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0001"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg1));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0002"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg2));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0003"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg3));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0004"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg4));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0005"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg5));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0006"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg6));
    if(SandID.contentEquals("0007"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg7));
    if(SandID.contentEquals("0008"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg8));
    if(SandID.contentEquals("0009"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg9));

    if(SandID.contentEquals("0010"))
        picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg10));

    return row;
}

这就是错误：

05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:359)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:385)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at master.chef.mediamaster.AlternateRowCursorAdapter.getView(AlternateRowCursorAdapter.java:83)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.AbsListView.obtainView(AbsListView.java:1409)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.ListView.makeAndAddView(ListView.java:1745)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.ListView.fillUp(ListView.java:700)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.ListView.fillGap(ListView.java:646)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.AbsListView.trackMotionScroll(AbsListView.java:3399)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.AbsListView.onTouchEvent(AbsListView.java:2233)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.widget.ListView.onTouchEvent(ListView.java:3446)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3885)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:903)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:942)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1691)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1125)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.app.Activity.dispatchTouchEvent(Activity.java:2096)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1675)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewRoot.deliverPointerEvent(ViewRoot.java:2194)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1878)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
05-02 03:11:55.898: E/AndroidRuntime(376):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

---

首先，您没有使用convertView，您应该开始这样做

View view = convertView;
if (view == null) {
  // inflate
}

下面是一篇关于使用convertView的博客文章

其次，您应该只解码您知道将使用的位图。所以改变你的方法，比如

if(SandID.contentEquals("0001"))
    Bitmap bitImg1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(localContext.getResources(), R.drawable.rec0001);
    picture.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerImage(bitImg1));
...

第三，你能破译它们一次，并让它们在这个方法之外可用吗？例如，在构造函数中解码它们一次，并将它们作为实例成员存储在适配器类中，然后在

getView（）

中使用它们

第四，你在回收你的位图吗？位图的分配方式与其他对象不同，需要在使用完位图后对其调用

recycle（）

方法。如果您可以实现上面的第三项，那么在很大程度上可以避免这种复杂性，尽管您仍然应该在活动停止时释放它们，但在活动开始时重新分配它们

关于

Bitmap.recycle（）

有很多很好的信息，我建议你花些时间研究一下。在这里的帖子里解释这些复杂的事情是无法做到的。这里有一篇关于这个主题的好文章

---

我试图实现convert视图，但我得到了10条同名记录？？？当我使用view row=super.getView（position，convertView，parent）时，情况并非如此；转换视图是一个“回收”视图。您仍然需要将所有值设置到各种文本/图像/etc视图中。唯一不同的是，您可以避免膨胀一个新的视图，这是相当昂贵的。