Arrays Dafny将int插入排序数组方法

Arrays Dafny将int插入排序数组方法,arrays,int,sorted,formal-verification,dafny,Arrays,Int,Sorted,Formal Verification,Dafny,我试图用dafny证明这个程序,但我仍然得到最后一个不变量的错误,我不明白为什么它不工作 该程序由一个将int插入排序数组的方法组成。int将被插入到正确的位置,即:将5插入1,2,3,4,5,6,7将返回:1,2,3,4,5,5,6,7 function sorted (a: array<int>): bool requires a != null ; reads a; { forall i :: 0 <= i < (a.Length - 1) ==

我试图用dafny证明这个程序,但我仍然得到最后一个不变量的错误,我不明白为什么它不工作

该程序由一个将int插入排序数组的方法组成。int将被插入到正确的位置,即:将5插入1,2,3,4,5,6,7将返回:1,2,3,4,5,5,6,7

function sorted (a: array<int>): bool
  requires a != null ;
  reads a;
  {
    forall i :: 0 <= i < (a.Length - 1) ==> a[i] <= a[ i+1]
  }

method InsertSorted(a: array<int>, key: int ) returns (b: array<int>)
  requires a != null && sorted(a);
  ensures b != null ;
  ensures sorted(b);
   {
     var i:= 0;
     b:= new int[a.Length + 1];

     if(a.Length > 0){
      while (i < a.Length)
      invariant 0<= i;
      invariant i <= a.Length;
      invariant b.Length == a.Length + 1;
      invariant sorted(a);
      invariant forall j :: 0 <= j < i ==> b[j] <= b[j+1];
      {
        if(a[i]<=key)
        {
          b[i]:= a[i];
          b [i+1] := key;
          assert b[i] <= b[i+1];         
        }
        else if (key > a[i])
        {
          if(i==0)
          {
            b[i] := key;
          }
          b [i+1] := a[i];
          assert key > a[i];
          assert b[i]<= b[i+1];
        }
        else{
          b[i]:= a[i];
          b [i+1] := a[i];
          assert sorted(a);
          assert b[i] <= b[i+1];
        }
        assert b[i]<= b[i+1];
        i := i+1;
      }
     }
     else{
       b[0] := key;
     }
   }
函数排序(a:array):bool
需要一个无效的
读一篇文章;
{
forall i::0A[i]0){
while(i不变量0我认为你的算法可能不正确。无论如何,我发现条件很难理解,如果第一个分支没有被接受,那么我们知道
!(a[I]key
,这意味着由
key>a[I]
保护的第二个分支是不可到达的

!(a[i]<=key) && a[i] < key ==> false
}

predicate sorted (a: seq<int>)
{
 forall i,j :: 0 <= i < j < |a| ==> a[i] <= a[j]
}

predicate lessThan(a:seq<int>, key:int) {
 forall i :: 0 <= i < |a| ==> a[i] < key
}

predicate greaterEqualThan(a:seq<int>, key:int) {
 forall i :: 0 <= i < |a| ==> a[i] >= key
}

method InsertSorted(a: array<int>, key: int ) returns (b: array<int>)
  requires a != null && sorted(a[..])
  ensures b != null && sorted(b[..]);
{
 b:= new int[a.Length + 1];

 ghost var k := 0;
 b[0] := key;

 ghost var a' := a[..];

 var i:= 0;
 while (i < a.Length)
  modifies b;
  invariant 0 <= k <= i <= a.Length
  invariant b.Length == a.Length + 1
  invariant a[..] == a'
  invariant lessThan(a[..i], key) ==> i == k;
  invariant lessThan(a[..k], key)
  invariant b[..k] == a[..k]
  invariant b[k] == key
  invariant k < i ==> b[k+1..i+1] == a[k..i]
  invariant k < i ==> greaterEqualThan(b[k+1..i+1], key)
  invariant 0 <= k < b.Length && b[k] == key
  {
    if(a[i]<key)
    {
      b[i]:= a[i];
      b[i+1] := key;
      k := i+1;
    }
    else if (a[i] >= key)
    {
      b[i+1] := a[i];
    }
    i := i+1;
  }
  assert b[..] == a[..k] + [key] + a[k..];