Arrays 无法读取属性'；取消移位'；未定义的

我不知道问题出在哪里，我试图将一本新书推送到我的books数组，但我得到了这个错误

这是book edit.component.ts的

ngOnInit() {
    this.authorsService.authorsChanged.subscribe(
      (authors: Author[]) => {
        this.authors = authors;
      }
    );
    this.authorsService.getAuthors();

    this.bookForm = new FormGroup({
      'id': new FormControl(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000000000)),
      'title': new FormControl('new book'),
      'author': new FormControl(null),
      'description': new FormControl('description'),
      'publishYear': new FormControl('1991'),
      'image': new FormControl('https://www.reduceimages.com/img/image-after.jpg')
    });
  }

  onSubmit() {
    const book = {
      id: this.bookForm.value.id,
      title: this.bookForm.value.title,
      author: this.bookForm.value.author,
      description: this.bookForm.value.description,
      publishYear: this.bookForm.value.publishYear,
      image: this.bookForm.value.image
    };
    this.booksService.addBook(book);
    console.log(book);
  }

addBook(book: Book) {
    this.books.unshift(book);
    this.booksChanged.next(this.books);
  }

这是我从bookservice.ts调用的函数

ngOnInit() {
    this.authorsService.authorsChanged.subscribe(
      (authors: Author[]) => {
        this.authors = authors;
      }
    );
    this.authorsService.getAuthors();

    this.bookForm = new FormGroup({
      'id': new FormControl(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000000000)),
      'title': new FormControl('new book'),
      'author': new FormControl(null),
      'description': new FormControl('description'),
      'publishYear': new FormControl('1991'),
      'image': new FormControl('https://www.reduceimages.com/img/image-after.jpg')
    });
  }

  onSubmit() {
    const book = {
      id: this.bookForm.value.id,
      title: this.bookForm.value.title,
      author: this.bookForm.value.author,
      description: this.bookForm.value.description,
      publishYear: this.bookForm.value.publishYear,
      image: this.bookForm.value.image
    };
    this.booksService.addBook(book);
    console.log(book);
  }

addBook(book: Book) {
    this.books.unshift(book);
    this.booksChanged.next(this.books);
  }

---

对于错误日志，似乎未初始化

this.books

。能否将bookservice.ts中的

books

变量初始化为空数组，如

books=[]

addBook(book: Book) {
    this.books.unshift(book);
    this.booksChanged.next(this.books);
  }

---

全套服务代码是多少？服务中的

图书

似乎从未初始化。您的图书服务中的

图书

似乎未初始化。这样做：

books=[]在您的BookService中。