在ASP.NET中在哪里配置此自动映射

我使用的是普通的ASP.NET而不是.NET内核

目前，映射工作正常，但我将以下初始化代码放在控制器中并在控制器中调用，这可能不是一个好主意

因此，尝试创建一个新类进行初始化，然后从Global.asax调用。但我有一个问题-“映射器”不包含“初始化”的定义。看起来我使用的是旧版本的AutoMapper或其他东西。我在doco上读到了这一点：每个AppDomain只能进行一次配置。这意味着放置配置代码的最佳位置是应用程序启动，例如ASP.NET应用程序的Global.asax文件。通常，配置引导程序类位于其自己的类中，并且该引导程序类是从startup方法调用的。引导程序类应该构造一个MapperConfiguration对象来配置类型映射

那么这与我目前的尝试有什么关系呢

我的下一个问题是，一旦这个设置正确，我如何在控制器中调用它呢

非常感谢您的反馈/评论

谢谢

控制器中的当前配置（可能不是一个好主意，但可以正常工作）：

private MapperConfiguration configuration = new MapperConfiguration(cfg => {
     cfg.CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));
    cfg.CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
       .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
});

var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
    .Include(b => b.User)
    .Include(c => c.Category)
    .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
    .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(configuration)
    .AsQueryable()
    .ApplySort(sortfields)
    .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

public class AutomapperWebProfile : AutoMapper.Profile
    {
        public AutomapperWebProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }

        public static void Run()
        {
            AutoMapper.Mapper.Initialize(a =>
            {
               a.AddProfile<AutomapperWebProfile>();
            });
        }
    }

protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
    FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
    AutomapperWebProfile.Run();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .Remove(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.XmlFormatter);         
}

public class ClientMappingProfile : Profile
    {
        public ClientMappingProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }
    }

    public class AutoMapperConfig
    {
        public MapperConfiguration Configure()
        {
            var config = new MapperConfiguration(cfg =>
            {
                cfg.AddProfile<ClientMappingProfile>();
            });
            return config;
        }
    }

public class ActivitiesController : ApiController
    {
        private ApplicationDbContext db = new ApplicationDbContext();

        ....

[HttpGet]
        [Route("api/v1/Activities/{sortfields=Id}/{pagenumber=1}/{pagesize=10}", Name="GetActivities")]
        [CacheOutput(ClientTimeSpan = 60, ServerTimeSpan = 60)]
        public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetActivities(string sortfields, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
        {
            var config = new AutoMapperConfig().Configure();

            ...

            var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
                                        .Include(b => b.User)
                                        .Include(c => c.Category)
                                        .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
                                        .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(config)
                                        .AsQueryable()
                                        .ApplySort(sortfields)
                                        .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

 ....

return Ok(Data)

}

}

---

在进一步研究之后，我提出了这种方法，与我之前所做的类似，但它更适用于任何人：

AutomapperConfig.cs:

private MapperConfiguration configuration = new MapperConfiguration(cfg => {
     cfg.CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));
    cfg.CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
       .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
});

var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
    .Include(b => b.User)
    .Include(c => c.Category)
    .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
    .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(configuration)
    .AsQueryable()
    .ApplySort(sortfields)
    .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

public class AutomapperWebProfile : AutoMapper.Profile
    {
        public AutomapperWebProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }

        public static void Run()
        {
            AutoMapper.Mapper.Initialize(a =>
            {
               a.AddProfile<AutomapperWebProfile>();
            });
        }
    }

protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
    FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
    AutomapperWebProfile.Run();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .Remove(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.XmlFormatter);         
}

public class ClientMappingProfile : Profile
    {
        public ClientMappingProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }
    }

    public class AutoMapperConfig
    {
        public MapperConfiguration Configure()
        {
            var config = new MapperConfiguration(cfg =>
            {
                cfg.AddProfile<ClientMappingProfile>();
            });
            return config;
        }
    }

public class ActivitiesController : ApiController
    {
        private ApplicationDbContext db = new ApplicationDbContext();

        ....

[HttpGet]
        [Route("api/v1/Activities/{sortfields=Id}/{pagenumber=1}/{pagesize=10}", Name="GetActivities")]
        [CacheOutput(ClientTimeSpan = 60, ServerTimeSpan = 60)]
        public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetActivities(string sortfields, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
        {
            var config = new AutoMapperConfig().Configure();

            ...

            var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
                                        .Include(b => b.User)
                                        .Include(c => c.Category)
                                        .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
                                        .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(config)
                                        .AsQueryable()
                                        .ApplySort(sortfields)
                                        .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

 ....

return Ok(Data)

}

}

public类ClientMappingProfile:Profile
{
公共客户端映射配置文件（）
{
CreateMap（）
.FormMember（dst=>dst.OwnerId，src=>src.MapFrom（ol=>ol.User.Id））
.FormMember（dst=>dst.OwnerName，src=>src.MapFrom（ol=>ol.User.FirstName+“”+ol.User.LastName））
.ForMember（dst=>dst.CategoryName，src=>src.MapFrom（ol=>ol.Category.Name））；
CreateMap（）
.ForMember（dst=>dst.UserId，opt=>opt.MapFrom（src=>HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId（））；
}
}
公共类自动映射配置
{
公共MapperConfiguration配置（）
{
var config=new-MapperConfiguration（cfg=>
{
AddProfile（）；
});
返回配置；
}
}

XXXController.cs:

private MapperConfiguration configuration = new MapperConfiguration(cfg => {
     cfg.CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
        .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));
    cfg.CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
       .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
});

var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
    .Include(b => b.User)
    .Include(c => c.Category)
    .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
    .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(configuration)
    .AsQueryable()
    .ApplySort(sortfields)
    .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

public class AutomapperWebProfile : AutoMapper.Profile
    {
        public AutomapperWebProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }

        public static void Run()
        {
            AutoMapper.Mapper.Initialize(a =>
            {
               a.AddProfile<AutomapperWebProfile>();
            });
        }
    }

protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
    FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
    AutomapperWebProfile.Run();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters
        .Remove(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.XmlFormatter);         
}

public class ClientMappingProfile : Profile
    {
        public ClientMappingProfile()
        {
            CreateMap<Activity, ActivityDTO>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerId, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.Id))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.OwnerName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.User.FirstName + " " + ol.User.LastName))
                .ForMember(dst => dst.CategoryName, src => src.MapFrom(ol => ol.Category.Name));

            CreateMap<ActivityDTO, Activity>()
                .ForMember(dst => dst.UserId, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId()));
        }
    }

    public class AutoMapperConfig
    {
        public MapperConfiguration Configure()
        {
            var config = new MapperConfiguration(cfg =>
            {
                cfg.AddProfile<ClientMappingProfile>();
            });
            return config;
        }
    }

public class ActivitiesController : ApiController
    {
        private ApplicationDbContext db = new ApplicationDbContext();

        ....

[HttpGet]
        [Route("api/v1/Activities/{sortfields=Id}/{pagenumber=1}/{pagesize=10}", Name="GetActivities")]
        [CacheOutput(ClientTimeSpan = 60, ServerTimeSpan = 60)]
        public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetActivities(string sortfields, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
        {
            var config = new AutoMapperConfig().Configure();

            ...

            var activitiesDTO = await (db.Activities
                                        .Include(b => b.User)
                                        .Include(c => c.Category)
                                        .Where(q => q.UserId == userId)
                                        .ProjectTo< ActivityDTO>(config)
                                        .AsQueryable()
                                        .ApplySort(sortfields)
                                        .Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize)).ToListAsync();   

 ....

return Ok(Data)

}

}

公共类活动控制器：ApiController
{
私有ApplicationDbContext db=新ApplicationDbContext（）；
....
[HttpGet]
[路由（“api/v1/Activities/{sortfields=Id}/{pagenumber=1}/{pagesize=10}”，Name=“GetActivities”）]
[CacheOutput（ClientTimeSpan=60，ServerTimeSpan=60）]
公共异步任务GetActivities（字符串sortfields、int pageNumber、int pageSize）
{
var config=new AutoMapperConfig（）.Configure（）；
...
var activitiesDTO=await（db.Activities
.Include（b=>b.User）
.包括（c=>c.类别）
.Where（q=>q.UserId==UserId）
.ProjectTo（配置）
.AsQueryable（）
.ApplySort（sortfields）
.Skip（（pageNumber-1）*pageSize.Take（pageSize））.toListSync（）；
....
返回Ok（数据）
}
}

我可能会移动

var config=new AutoMapperConfig（）.Configure（）编码到暴露于任何方法的私有属性中

有人在使用这种方法吗？我看到一些人通过Global.asax进行配置，比如我尝试失败（原始问题）。同样，我也不确定这种方法是否是一种旧的解决方案

你的想法
 通常情况下，您会有一个DI容器，可以为启动进行配置。然后通过控制器的构造函数参数获得配置或映射器实例。在没有DI容器的情况下，您可以在控制器构造函数中实例化映射器——是的，每个需要它的控制器。