bashshell测试一个字符串中的所有字符是否都在另一个字符串中

我有两个字符串，我想比较相等的字符，字符串必须包含确切的字符，但mychars可以有额外的字符

mychars="abcdefg"
testone="abcdefgh"        # false h is not in mychars
testtwo="abcddabc"        # true all char in testtwo are in mychars

function test() {
    if each char in $1 is in $2  # PSEUDO CODE
    then
      return 1
    else
      return 0
    fi
}

if test $testone $mychars; then
   echo "All in the string" ;
else ;  echo "Not all in the string" ; fi

# should echo "Not all in the string" because the h is not in the string mychars

if test $testtwo $mychars; then
   echo "All in the string" ;
else ;  echo "Not all in the string" ; fi

# should echo 'All in the string'

---

最好的方法是什么？我的猜测是循环第一个参数中的所有字符。

您可以使用

tr

将

mychars

中的任何字符替换为一个符号，然后您可以测试生成的字符串是否与符号有任何不同，p.e.：

tr -s "[$mychars]" "." <<< "ggaaabbbcdefg"

但是：

因此，您的函数可以如下所示：

function test() {
    local dictionary="$1"
    local res=$(tr -s "[$dictionary]" "." <<< "$2")
    if [ "$res" == "." ]; then 
        return 1
    else
        return 0
    fi
}

function test() {
    local dictionary="$1"
    [[ '.' == $(tr -s "[$dictionary]" "." <<< "$2") ]] 
}

功能测试（）{
本地字典=“$1”
本地res=$（tr-s“[$dictionary]”.“The简短、聪明、高效

下面是一个效率较低的备选方案，如果您想知道第一个字符串的唯一字符是什么，则可能会感兴趣，该字符串作为排序的、不同的列表返回：

charTest() {
  local charsUniqueToStr1
  # Determine which chars. in $1 aren't in $2.
  # This returns a sorted, distinct list of chars., each on its own line.
  charsUniqueToStr1=$(comm -23 \
    <(sed 's/\(.\)/\1\'$'\n''/g' <<<"$1" | sort -u) \
    <(sed 's/\(.\)/\1\'$'\n''/g' <<<"$2" | sort -u))
  # The test succeeds if there are no chars. in $1 that aren't also in $2.
  [[ -z $charsUniqueToStr1 ]]
}

mychars="abcdefg" # define reference string

charTest "abcdefgh" "$mychars" 
echo $? # print exit code: 1 - 'h' is not in reference string

charTest "abcddabc" "$mychars"
echo $? # print exit code: 0 - all chars. are in reference string

charTest（）{
本地charsUniqueToStr1
#确定$1中的哪些字符不在$2中。
#这将返回一个排序的、不同的字符列表，每个字符在其自己的行上。
charsUniqueToStr1=$（通信-23\
谢谢，我更新了答案，加入了你的建议
function test() {
    local dictionary="$1"
    local res=$(tr -s "[$dictionary]" "." <<< "$2")
    if [ "$res" == "." ]; then 
        return 1
    else
        return 0
    fi
}

function test() {
    local dictionary="$1"
    [[ '.' == $(tr -s "[$dictionary]" "." <<< "$2") ]] 
}

charTest() {
  local charsUniqueToStr1
  # Determine which chars. in $1 aren't in $2.
  # This returns a sorted, distinct list of chars., each on its own line.
  charsUniqueToStr1=$(comm -23 \
    <(sed 's/\(.\)/\1\'$'\n''/g' <<<"$1" | sort -u) \
    <(sed 's/\(.\)/\1\'$'\n''/g' <<<"$2" | sort -u))
  # The test succeeds if there are no chars. in $1 that aren't also in $2.
  [[ -z $charsUniqueToStr1 ]]
}

mychars="abcdefg" # define reference string

charTest "abcdefgh" "$mychars" 
echo $? # print exit code: 1 - 'h' is not in reference string

charTest "abcddabc" "$mychars"
echo $? # print exit code: 0 - all chars. are in reference string