如何在扫描文件时使用结构实现堆栈 #包括 #包括 类型定义结构 { int客户端id； char business_name[30]； char client_first_name[20]； char client_last_name[20]； 字符地址[40]； 浮动预算； 浮子能量要求； char business_info[300]； }客户； main（） { 客户c[20]； 文件*z； 无效初始化（文件*，客户端[]）； 初始化（z，c）； 系统（“暂停”）； } 无效初始化（文件*z，客户端c[]） { int x，max=20，top=-1； 如果（顶部==最大值-1） { 返回； } top++； 对于（x=0；x

我使用以下代码作为任何类型的通用堆栈。 在本例中，我创建了一个

int

堆栈。但是您可以将类型定义为名称，使用

DeclareStackType（YourType）

声明堆栈的数据结构，然后使用

stack\uuuyourtype foo；

声明堆栈。有关详细信息，请参阅测试代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct
{
    int client_id;
    char business_name [30];
    char client_first_name [20];
    char client_last_name [20];
    char address [40];
    float budget;
    float energy_requirements;
    char business_info [300];
}Client;

main()
{
     Client c[20];
     FILE*z;
     void initialise (FILE*,Client []);
     initialise (z,c);
     system ("PAUSE");
}

void initialise(FILE*z,Client c[])
{
     int x,max=20,top=-1;
     if (top==max-1)
     {
         return;
     }
     top++;           
     for (x=0;x<20;x++)//Assigns all places in the structure to -1 and NULL
     {
        c[x].client_id=-1;
        strcpy(c[x].business_name,"NULL");
        strcpy(c[x].client_first_name,"NULL");
        strcpy(c[x].client_last_name,"NULL");
        strcpy(c[x].address,"NULL"); 
        c[x].budget=-1;
        c[x].energy_requirements=-1;
        strcpy(c[x].business_info,"NULL"); 
     } 
     z=fopen ("Novus.txt","r");
     for (x=0;x<20;x++)//Replaces values in structure with data from text file
     {
         fscanf (z,"%d\n %[^\n]\n %[^\n]\n %[^\n]\n %[^\n]\n%f\n%f\n %[^\n]\n\n",&c[x].client_id,c[x].business_name,c[x].client_first_name,c[x].address,&c[x].budget,&c[x].energy_requirements,c[x].business_info);
     }
     fclose (z);
     void menu (FILE*,Client []);
     menu (z,c);
}   

void menu (FILE*z,Client c[])
{
     int choice;
     do{
         printf ("1.Add Client\n2.Change Client Information\n3.Delete Client\n4.Search Client\n5.Calculate Energy Requirements\n6.View Clients\n7.Terminate Program\nChoose an option from above:");
         scanf ("%d",&choice);
       }while (choice<1||choice>7);
     if (choice==1)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void accept (FILE*,Client []);
         accept (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==2)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void change (FILE*,Client []);
         change (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==3)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void destroy (FILE*,Client []);
         destroy (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==4)
     { 
         system ("cls");
         void search (FILE*,Client []);
         search (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==5)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void energy (FILE*,Client []);
         energy (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==6)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void view (FILE*,Client []);
         view (z,c);
     }
     if (choice==7)
     {
         system ("cls");
         void end (FILE*,Client []);
         end (z,c);
     }
}

void accept (FILE*z,Client c[])//Accepts data from the user. 
{
     int max=20,top=-1;
     int y=0,num,choice,choice2;
     if (top==max-1)
     {
          return;
     }
     top++;          
     printf("How Many Clients Do You Want To Add:");
     scanf ("%d",&num);
     system ("cls");
     while (y<num)
     { 
          printf ("\nEnter Client ID:");
          scanf ("%d",&c[y].client_id);
          printf ("Enter Buisness Name:");
          scanf (" %[^\n]",c[y].business_name);
          printf ("Enter Client First Name:");
          scanf (" %[^\n]",c[y].client_first_name);     
          printf ("Enter Client Last Name:");
          scanf (" %[^\n]",c[y].client_last_name);     
          printf ("Enter Buisness Address:");
          scanf (" %[^\n]",c[y].address);
          printf ("Enter Client Budget:");
          scanf ("%f",&c[y].budget);
          printf ("Enter Client Energy Requirements:");
          scanf ("%f",&c[y].energy_requirements);
          printf ("Enter Buisness Information:");
          scanf (" %[^\n]",c[y].business_info);
          y++;
     }
     do {//Asks the user if they want to enter more data or terminate program.
           printf ("\n\nDo You Want To:\n1.EnterMore Clients\n2.Continue\n");
           scanf ("%d",&choice);
        }while (choice<1 || choice>2);
     if (choice==1)
     {
         void accept (Client []);
         accept (c);
     } 
     else if (choice==2)
     {
          do{
               printf ("\n\nDo You Want To:\n1.Go Back To The Main Menu\n2.Exit\n");
               scanf ("%d",&choice2);
            }while (choice2<1 || choice2>2);
            if (choice2==1)
            {
               void menu (Client[]);
               menu (c);   
            }
            else if (choice2==2)
            {
               void end (FILE*,Client []);
               end (z,c);
            }
      }                                            
}

#包括
#定义DeclareStackType（ValueType）\
类型定义结构{\
整数大小\
ValueType*buf\
整数指数\
}堆栈###值类型
#定义InitStack（stack，ValueType，sz）do{stack.size=sz；stack.buf=（ValueType*）malloc（sizeof（ValueType）*sz）；stack.index=0；}而（0）
//这将重新使用已初始化的缓冲区。只需将索引重置为零。
#定义ClearStack（stack）do{stack.index=0；}while（0）
#定义PushStack（stack，value）do{stack.buf[stack.index++]=value；}而（0）
#定义PopStack（stack）（stack.buf[--stack.index]）
#定义IsStackFull（堆栈）（stack.index==stack.size）
#定义IsStackEmpty（堆栈）（stack.index==0）
#定义PushStackSafe（stack，value）do{if（！IsStackFull（stack））stack.buf[stack.index++]=value；}而（0）
#定义PopStackSafe（stack）（stack.buf[IsStackEmpty（stack）？0：（stack.index-=1）]）
//------测试代码（C++中，C++编译C程序，我懒得做C PrtTF…）------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#包括
DeclareStackType（int）；
stack_int my_integer_stack；
使用名称空间std；
int main（int argc，char*argv[]）
{
InitStack（my_integer_stack，int，5）；
if（IsStackEmpty（my_integer_堆栈））{
cout所有错误都已解决，直到您需要定义在
菜单中调用的函数为止，等等。在构建时，确保至少启用警告
gcc-Wall-Wextra-o yourprogram yourprogram.c
。除了上面的注释外，我还在下面的内联注释中添加了注意事项eded。我还提供了当前编译的结果，代码如下。完成所需函数的定义，然后编辑上面的问题，包括您遇到的任何新问题。祝您好运：

#include <malloc.h>


#define DeclareStackType(ValueType) \
   typedef struct { \
       int size; \
       ValueType *buf; \
       int index; \
   } stack_ ## ValueType

#define InitStack(stack, ValueType, sz) do {stack.size = sz;  stack.buf=(ValueType*)malloc(sizeof(ValueType)*sz); stack.index = 0;} while (0)

// this re-uses the already initialized buffer. Just reset index to zero.
#define ClearStack(stack) do {stack.index = 0;} while(0)

#define PushStack(stack, value)  do {stack.buf[stack.index++] = value; } while(0)

#define PopStack(stack) (stack.buf[--stack.index])

#define IsStackFull(stack) (stack.index == stack.size)

#define IsStackEmpty(stack) (stack.index == 0)

#define PushStackSafe(stack, value) do {if (!IsStackFull(stack)) stack.buf[stack.index++] = value;} while(0)

#define PopStackSafe(stack) (stack.buf[IsStackEmpty(stack)? 0 : (stack.index -= 1)])



// --------  test codes  (in C++, since C++ can compile C program, I am lazy to do C printf...)---------------
#include <iostream>

DeclareStackType(int);
stack_int my_integer_stack;

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    InitStack(my_integer_stack, int, 5);

    if (IsStackEmpty(my_integer_stack)) {
        cout << "1. stack empty now" << endl;
    }

    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 1);
    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 2);
    ClearStack(my_integer_stack);   // clear the above input

    if (IsStackEmpty(my_integer_stack)) {
        cout << "2. stack empty now" << endl;
    }

    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 3);
    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 5);
    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 1);
    PushStack(my_integer_stack, 2);
    PushStackSafe(my_integer_stack, 8);

    if (IsStackFull(my_integer_stack)) {
        cout << "3. stack full now" << endl;
    }

    PushStackSafe(my_integer_stack, 9);   // won't push

    cout << PopStack(my_integer_stack) << endl;
    cout << PopStack(my_integer_stack) << endl;
    cout << PopStack(my_integer_stack) << endl;
    cout << PopStack(my_integer_stack) << endl;
    cout << PopStack(my_integer_stack) << endl;

    if (IsStackEmpty(my_integer_stack)) {
        cout << "4. stack empty now" << endl;
    }

    cout << PopStackSafe(my_integer_stack) << endl;  // pop will not go to index -1, yet it returns buf[0] in the stack
}

此语句是什么
void菜单（文件*，客户端[]）；
在
void初始化（文件*z，客户端c[]）结束时执行的操作
function？？很明显，您还远远没有完成代码。您通常可以将结构数组的地址作为指针传递给您的函数，但不会阻止您这样做。我怀疑您需要在
fscanf（z），%d\n%[^\n]\n%中清理格式[^\，，
存在大量需要更正的错误。编译时，请确保在最低限度使用时启用警告
gcc-Wall-Wextra-o yourproject yourproject.c
（或您使用的任何编译器）。这将确定关注的领域。我将添加一个已清理的版本（尽可能）下面。欢迎访问Stack Overflow。只是想跟进上面bit的评论：您目前的问题不适合此网站。如果您想查看代码，请访问codereview.stackexchange.com。如果您有实际问题（而不是一般问题）请阅读下面的内容：C的帮助，现在是C++的改写。答案是C.。我只是懒得用C++编写测试代码。测试代码不属于答案。把测试代码删掉。（从
#include
开始事实上，如果您使用
printf
替换所有
cout
，并删除
#include
和
使用名称空间std
，那么整个过程将成为一个完美的C程序，包括答案和测试代码。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct {
    int client_id;
    char business_name[30];
    char client_first_name[20];
    char client_last_name[20];
    char address[40];
    float budget;
    float energy_requirements;
    char business_info[300];
} Client;

int main () {
    Client c[20];
    FILE *z;
    void initialise (FILE *, Client[]);
    initialise (z, c);
    system ("PAUSE");
    return 0;
}

void initialise (FILE * z, Client c[]) {
    int x;
    int max = 20;
    int top = -1;
    if (top == (max - 1)) {
        return;
    }
    top++;
    for (x = 0; x < 20; x++)    //Assigns all places in the structure to -1 and NULL
    {
        c[x].client_id = -1;
        strcpy (c[x].business_name, "NULL");
        strcpy (c[x].client_first_name, "NULL");
        strcpy (c[x].client_last_name, "NULL");
        strcpy (c[x].address, "NULL");
        c[x].budget = -1;
        c[x].energy_requirements = -1;
        strcpy (c[x].business_info, "NULL");
    }
    z = fopen ("Novus.txt", "r");
    for (x = 0; x < 20; x++)    //Replaces values in structure with data from text file
    {
        fscanf (z,
                "%d %[^\n]s %[^\n]s %[^\n]s %f %f %[^\n]s",  /* format may need further help */
                &c[x].client_id, c[x].business_name, c[x].client_first_name,
                c[x].address, &c[x].budget, &c[x].energy_requirements,
                c[x].business_info);
    }
    fclose (z);
    void menu (FILE *, Client[]);  /* must be previously declared/defined  */
    menu (z, c);                   /* you just closed 'z' two line up ??   */
}

void menu (FILE * z, Client c[]) {
    int choice;
    do {
        printf
            ("1.Add Client\n2.Change Client Information\n3.Delete Client\n4.Search Client\n5.Calculate Energy Requirements\n6.View Clients\n7.Terminate Program\nChoose an option from above:");
        scanf ("%d", &choice);
    } while (choice < 1 || choice > 7);
    if (choice == 1) {
        system ("cls");
        void accept (FILE *, Client[]);   /* must be previously declared/defined */
        accept (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 2) {
        system ("cls");
        void change (FILE *, Client[]);   /* must be previously declared/defined */
        change (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 3) {
        system ("cls");
        void destroy (FILE *, Client[]);  /* must be previously declared/defined */
        destroy (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 4) {
        system ("cls");
        void search (FILE *, Client[]);   /* must be previously declared/defined */
        search (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 5) {
        system ("cls");
        void energy (FILE *, Client[]);   /* must be previously declared/defined */
        energy (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 6) {
        system ("cls");
        void view (FILE *, Client[]);    /* must be previously declared/defined */
        view (z, c);
    }
    if (choice == 7) {
        system ("cls");
        void end (FILE *, Client[]);     /* must be previously declared/defined */
        end (z, c);
    }
}

void accept (FILE * z, Client c[])  //Accepts data from the user.
{
    int max = 20;
    int top = -1;
    int y = 0, num, choice, choice2;
    if (top == (max - 1)) {
        return;
    }
    top++;
    printf ("How Many Clients Do You Want To Add:");
    scanf ("%d", &num);     /* with multiple uses of scanf, you will need to flush the input buffer to      */
    system ("cls");         /* eliminate remaining '\n' chars that remain after the user presses 'Enter'    */
    while (y < num) {       /* a simple 'int c;... do {c = getchar();} while (c != '\n'); after each scanf  */
        printf ("\nEnter Client ID:");          /* will suffice. (note 'c' is declared as an 'int'          */
        scanf ("%d", &c[y].client_id);
        printf ("Enter Buisness Name:");
        scanf (" %[^\n]", c[y].business_name);
        printf ("Enter Client First Name:");
        scanf (" %[^\n]", c[y].client_first_name);
        printf ("Enter Client Last Name:");
        scanf (" %[^\n]", c[y].client_last_name);
        printf ("Enter Buisness Address:");
        scanf (" %[^\n]", c[y].address);
        printf ("Enter Client Budget:");
        scanf ("%f", &c[y].budget);
        printf ("Enter Client Energy Requirements:");
        scanf ("%f", &c[y].energy_requirements);
        printf ("Enter Buisness Information:");
        scanf (" %[^\n]", c[y].business_info);
        y++;
    }
    do {            //Asks the user if they want to enter more data or terminate program.
        printf ("\n\nDo You Want To:\n1.EnterMore Clients\n2.Continue\n");
        scanf ("%d", &choice);
    } while (choice < 1 || choice > 2);
    if (choice == 1) {
        accept (z, c);
    } else if (choice == 2) {
        do {
            printf
                ("\n\nDo You Want To:\n1.Go Back To The Main Menu\n2.Exit\n");
            scanf ("%d", &choice2);
        } while (choice2 < 1 || choice2 > 2);
        if (choice2 == 1) {
            menu (z, c);
        } else if (choice2 == 2) {
            end (z, c);
        }
    }
}

$ gcc -Wall -Wextra -o bin/addrstack addrstack.c

addrstack.c: In function ‘accept’:
addrstack.c:148:17: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘end’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
                end (z, c);
                ^
addrstack.c:97:18: note: previous declaration of ‘end’ was here
            void end (FILE *, Client[]);     /* must be previously declared/defined */
                ^
addrstack.c:148:17: error: incompatible implicit declaration of function ‘end’
                end (z, c);
                ^
addrstack.c:97:18: note: previous implicit declaration of ‘end’ was here
            void end (FILE *, Client[]);     /* must be previously declared/defined */