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C++ 是否可以只使用函数成员属性创建回调接口?_C++_Templates_Interface_Callback_Embedded - Fatal编程技术网

C++ 是否可以只使用函数成员属性创建回调接口?

C++ 是否可以只使用函数成员属性创建回调接口?,c++,templates,interface,callback,embedded,C++,Templates,Interface,Callback,Embedded,上下文: 不使用堆的嵌入式C++。 我想掌握我的代码(包括它的大小),所以我不想使用标准库,比如std::function 第一次进近: 让我们以这个示例(这是我的代码的简化版本)为例,使用以下的修改版本: 注意:我的回调方法可以有以下两个签名:bool(ChildCrtp::*)(void)和无效(ChildCrtp::*)(int)(一个用于操作,一个用于条件) 因为不可能接受临时对象的地址,这在C++中是不合法的。 此回调接口的问题在于它需要一个指针来存储对象“FooGenericCall

上下文:

不使用堆的嵌入式C++。 我想掌握我的代码(包括它的大小),所以我不想使用标准库,比如std::function

第一次进近:

让我们以这个示例(这是我的代码的简化版本)为例,使用以下的修改版本:

注意:我的回调方法可以有以下两个签名:
bool(ChildCrtp::*)(void)
无效(ChildCrtp::*)(int)
(一个用于操作,一个用于条件)

因为不可能接受临时对象的地址,这在C++中是不合法的。 此回调接口的问题在于它需要一个指针来存储对象“FooGenericCallback”,该对象不能是“FooSpecificCallback”,因为对象类型在母类中未知

3)实现回调作为接口的其他方法

但解决方案仍然使用对象将函数成员存储在接口(或接口的子级)中

4)Lambdas…


我知道lambdas会简化我的生活,事实上,我首先使用lambdas,代码大小从60kB增加到120kB(!),这是因为lambdas的存储方式:在std::function中。答案不是“lambda”吗?)

我仍然不确定我是否正确理解了你的意图。但是下面的代码编译没有错误,尽管我没有进一步测试:

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class MotherInterface
{
protected:
    //Callback types
    using SomethingBooleanCallback = bool (ChildCrtp::*)();
protected:
    //Helper methods
    bool AlwaysTrue(void) { return true; };

    SomethingBooleanCallback callback;
public:
    void UseCallback(SomethingBooleanCallback a) {callback = a;}
    bool CallCallback() {return ((ChildCrtp *)this->*callback)();}
};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class SpecializedInterfaceA : public MotherInterface<ChildCrtp>
{
public:
    /// methods to be overridden in child methods where the callbacks need to be bound
    virtual int GetValue (void) const = 0;

protected:
    ///another helper methods
    bool IsPositive(void) { return (GetValue() > 0); };
    bool IsNegative(void) { return (GetValue() < 0); };
    bool IsEven(void) { return ((GetValue() % 2) == 0); };
    bool IsOdd(void) { return ((GetValue() % 2) == 1); };

};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class ChildA1 : public SpecializedInterfaceA<ChildCrtp>
{
public:
    //implements the interface 
    virtual int GetValue (void) const final override { return value;} ;

    //bind the interfaces' callback by a reference to the object "isPositive", which contains a pointer to the desired method and a pointer to the object that owns the method)
    void BindPositive(void) { this->UseCallback(&ChildA1::IsPositive); };

private:
    //an attribute
    int value;
};
模板
类接口
{
受保护的:
//回调类型
使用SomethingBooleanCallback=bool(ChildCrtp::*)();
受保护的:
//辅助方法
bool AlwaysTrue(void){返回true;};
布尔回调;
公众:
void UseCallback(SomethingBooleanCallback a){callback=a;}
bool CallCallback(){return((ChildCrtp*)this->*callback)(;}
};
模板
类SpecializedInterfaceA:公共母机接口
{
公众:
///在需要绑定回调的子方法中重写的方法
虚拟int GetValue(void)const=0;
受保护的:
///另一种辅助方法
bool IsPositive(void){return(GetValue()>0);};
bool为负(void){return(GetValue()<0);};
bool-IsEven(void){return((GetValue()%2)==0);};
bool IsOdd(void){return((GetValue()%2)=1);};
};
模板
类别1:公共专用接口A
{
公众:
//实现接口
虚int GetValue(void)常量最终重写{return value;};
//通过对对象“isPositive”的引用绑定接口的回调,该对象包含指向所需方法的指针和指向拥有该方法的对象的指针)
void BindPositive(void){this->UseCallback(&ChildA1::IsPositive);};
私人:
//属性
int值;
};

这里是固定版本

#include <iostream>
#include <stdint.h>

using namespace std;

template <typename FunctionType = void, typename... ArgumentType>
class GenericCallback
{
public:
    virtual ~GenericCallback(){}
    virtual FunctionType    Execute(ArgumentType... arg) = 0;       //!< execute callback
    virtual bool            IsValid() const = 0;                    //!< check if callback is valid
};

template <typename ObjectType, typename FunctionType = void, typename... ArgumentType>
class Callback : public GenericCallback<FunctionType, ArgumentType...>
{
public:
    Callback() ://!< Default constructor
        pObject_m(0),
        pFunction_m(0)
    {
    }
    Callback(ObjectType* pObject_m, FunctionType(ObjectType::*pFunction_m)(ArgumentType...))//!< Constructor
    {
        this->pObject_m = pObject_m;
        this->pFunction_m = pFunction_m;
    }
    virtual FunctionType Execute(ArgumentType... arg)//!< execute callback implementation
    {
        return (pObject_m->*pFunction_m)(arg...);
    }
    virtual bool IsValid(void) const//!< callback validity check implementation
    {
        return (pObject_m != 0) && (pFunction_m != 0);
    }
private:
    ObjectType* pObject_m;                                          //!< pointer to object where the callback is defined
    FunctionType(ObjectType::* pFunction_m)(ArgumentType...);       //!< pointer to the callback (function-member) of the object
};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class Interface
{
public:

    using FooSpecificCallback = Callback<ChildCrtp, bool>;
    using FooPrototype = bool(Interface::*)();
    template<FooPrototype op>
    FooSpecificCallback* checkIf(void)
    {
        return new FooSpecificCallback(static_cast<ChildCrtp*>(this), op);
    }

    virtual int getValue(void) = 0;
    bool IsNegative() { return (getValue() < 0); };

};

class Mother
{
public:
    using FooGenericCallback = GenericCallback<bool>*;
    int getValue(){return x_;};
    void storeCallback(FooGenericCallback pCallback){pCallback_ = pCallback;};
    bool callCallback(){return (pCallback_->IsValid() == false)?:pCallback_->Execute();};
private:
    int x_ = 3; 
    FooGenericCallback pCallback_;
};

class Child : public Mother, public Interface<Child>
{
public:
    int getValue(){return Mother::getValue();}
    void setup(void){storeCallback(checkIf<&Child::IsNegative>());}

};


int main()
{
    Child c;
    c.setup();
    cout << std::boolalpha << "expectFalse: " << c.callCallback() << endl;
    return 0;
}
#包括
#包括
使用名称空间std;
模板
类GenericCallback
{
公众:
虚拟~GenericCallback(){}
虚拟函数类型执行(ArgumentType…arg)=0;/!对象\u m=对象\u m;
此->pFunction\u m=pFunction\u m;
}
虚拟函数类型执行(ArgumentType…arg)/!<执行回调实现
{
返回(pObject_m->*pFunction_m)(arg…);
}
虚拟bool IsValid(void)const/!<回调有效性检查实现
{
返回(pObject_m!=0)和&(pFunction_m!=0);
}
私人:
ObjectType*pObject_m;/!<指向定义回调的对象的指针
FunctionType(ObjectType::*pFunction_m)(ArgumentType…;/!<指向对象回调(函数成员)的指针
};
模板
类接口
{
公众:
使用FooSpecificCallback=Callback;
使用FooPrototype=bool(接口::*)();
模板
FooSpecificCallback*checkIf(无效)
{
返回新的FooSpecificCallback(static_cast(this),op);
}
虚拟int getValue(void)=0;
bool为负(){return(getValue()<0);};
};
班主任
{
公众:
使用FooGenericCallback=GenericCallback*;
int getValue(){return x;};
void-storeCallback(FooGenericCallback-pCallback){pCallback\u=pCallback;};
bool callCallback(){return(pCallback->IsValid()==false)?:pCallback->Execute();};
私人:
int x_uu=3;
FooGenericCallback pcCallback;
};
类子级:公共母级,公共接口
{
公众:
int getValue(){return Mother::getValue();}
无效设置(void){storeCallback(checkIf());}
};
int main()
{
儿童c;
c、 设置();

cout我可能过分简化了您的需求,但有什么问题:

模板
类接口:公共基
{
公众:
静态bool为负(Base*userData)
{
auto-that=static_cast(userData);
返回->getValue()<0;
}
};
班主任
{
公众:
使用Callback=bool(*)(母亲*);
int getValue(){return x_;}
void-storeCallback(Callback-pCallback){pCallback\u=pCallback;}
bool callCallback(){return pCallback_?(*pCallback_?)(this):throw 42;}
私人:
int x_uu=3;
回调pccallback;
};
类子级:公共接口
{
公众:
void setup(){storeCallback(&Interface::IsNegative);}
};
int main()
{
儿童c;
c、 设置();

std::cout此解决方案受Jarod42答案的启发,编译并运行

将MotherA的属性
x
更改为
null
负值
正值
,并检查结果

#include <iostream>
#include <stdint.h>

using namespace std;

static constexpr int STORE_SIZE = 4;

void* operator new(size_t size)
{
    cout << "ERROR HEAP USED" << endl;
}

template<typename T, size_t storeSize>
class CallbackStore
{
public:

    CallbackStore() : that_(nullptr) {};
    CallbackStore(T* that) : that_(that) {};

    using CallbackCondition = bool (*) (T*);
    using CallbackAction = void (*) (T*,int);
    struct Step
    {
        CallbackCondition pCallbackCondition;
        CallbackAction pCallbackAction;
    };
    void setStep(int stepId,CallbackCondition pCallbackCondition, CallbackAction pCallbackAction)
    {
        if(stepId<storeSize)
        {
            store[stepId].pCallbackCondition = pCallbackCondition; 
            store[stepId].pCallbackAction = pCallbackAction; 
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "pointer error" << endl;
        }
    }
    void callStep(int stepId, int param) 
    {
        if((stepId<storeSize) &&
        (store[stepId].pCallbackCondition != nullptr) &&
        (store[stepId].pCallbackAction != nullptr) &&
        (that_ != nullptr))
        {
            bool isActive =  (*(store[stepId].pCallbackCondition))(that_);
            if(isActive) {(*(store[stepId].pCallbackAction))(that_,param);}
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "pointer error" << endl;
        }

    }
    Step store[storeSize];
    T* that_;
};

template<typename Base>
class Interface : public Base // interface
{
public:
    static bool True(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return true;
    }
    static bool IsNegative(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return ((static_cast<Base*>(baseInstance))->getValue() < 0);
    }
    static bool IsNull(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return ((static_cast<Base*>(baseInstance))->getValue() == 0);
    }
    static void PrintValue(Base* baseInstance, int value)
    {
        cout << "print this value : " << value << "." << endl;
    }
};

class MotherA
{
public:
    int getValue() { return x_; }
    void setValue(int x) { x_ = x; }

private:
    int x_ = -3; 
};

class ChildA : public Interface<MotherA>, public CallbackStore<MotherA, STORE_SIZE>
{
public:
    ChildA():Interface<MotherA>(), CallbackStore<MotherA, STORE_SIZE>(this){};
    void setup()
    { 
        setStep(0, &Interface::IsNegative, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(1, &Interface::IsNull, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(2, &Interface::IsNull, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(3, &Interface::True, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
    }

};

int main()
{
    ChildA c;
    c.setup();
    for(int i = 0; i < STORE_SIZE; i++)
    {
        c.callStep(i,8);
    }
    // shall print "print this value : 8." 3 times if x_ is null, twice if x_ is negative.
}
#包括
#包括
template<typename ChildCrtp>
class MotherInterface
{
protected:
    //Callback types
    using SomethingBooleanCallback = bool (ChildCrtp::*)();
protected:
    //Helper methods
    bool AlwaysTrue(void) { return true; };

    SomethingBooleanCallback callback;
public:
    void UseCallback(SomethingBooleanCallback a) {callback = a;}
    bool CallCallback() {return ((ChildCrtp *)this->*callback)();}
};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class SpecializedInterfaceA : public MotherInterface<ChildCrtp>
{
public:
    /// methods to be overridden in child methods where the callbacks need to be bound
    virtual int GetValue (void) const = 0;

protected:
    ///another helper methods
    bool IsPositive(void) { return (GetValue() > 0); };
    bool IsNegative(void) { return (GetValue() < 0); };
    bool IsEven(void) { return ((GetValue() % 2) == 0); };
    bool IsOdd(void) { return ((GetValue() % 2) == 1); };

};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class ChildA1 : public SpecializedInterfaceA<ChildCrtp>
{
public:
    //implements the interface 
    virtual int GetValue (void) const final override { return value;} ;

    //bind the interfaces' callback by a reference to the object "isPositive", which contains a pointer to the desired method and a pointer to the object that owns the method)
    void BindPositive(void) { this->UseCallback(&ChildA1::IsPositive); };

private:
    //an attribute
    int value;
};
#include <iostream>
#include <stdint.h>

using namespace std;

template <typename FunctionType = void, typename... ArgumentType>
class GenericCallback
{
public:
    virtual ~GenericCallback(){}
    virtual FunctionType    Execute(ArgumentType... arg) = 0;       //!< execute callback
    virtual bool            IsValid() const = 0;                    //!< check if callback is valid
};

template <typename ObjectType, typename FunctionType = void, typename... ArgumentType>
class Callback : public GenericCallback<FunctionType, ArgumentType...>
{
public:
    Callback() ://!< Default constructor
        pObject_m(0),
        pFunction_m(0)
    {
    }
    Callback(ObjectType* pObject_m, FunctionType(ObjectType::*pFunction_m)(ArgumentType...))//!< Constructor
    {
        this->pObject_m = pObject_m;
        this->pFunction_m = pFunction_m;
    }
    virtual FunctionType Execute(ArgumentType... arg)//!< execute callback implementation
    {
        return (pObject_m->*pFunction_m)(arg...);
    }
    virtual bool IsValid(void) const//!< callback validity check implementation
    {
        return (pObject_m != 0) && (pFunction_m != 0);
    }
private:
    ObjectType* pObject_m;                                          //!< pointer to object where the callback is defined
    FunctionType(ObjectType::* pFunction_m)(ArgumentType...);       //!< pointer to the callback (function-member) of the object
};

template<typename ChildCrtp>
class Interface
{
public:

    using FooSpecificCallback = Callback<ChildCrtp, bool>;
    using FooPrototype = bool(Interface::*)();
    template<FooPrototype op>
    FooSpecificCallback* checkIf(void)
    {
        return new FooSpecificCallback(static_cast<ChildCrtp*>(this), op);
    }

    virtual int getValue(void) = 0;
    bool IsNegative() { return (getValue() < 0); };

};

class Mother
{
public:
    using FooGenericCallback = GenericCallback<bool>*;
    int getValue(){return x_;};
    void storeCallback(FooGenericCallback pCallback){pCallback_ = pCallback;};
    bool callCallback(){return (pCallback_->IsValid() == false)?:pCallback_->Execute();};
private:
    int x_ = 3; 
    FooGenericCallback pCallback_;
};

class Child : public Mother, public Interface<Child>
{
public:
    int getValue(){return Mother::getValue();}
    void setup(void){storeCallback(checkIf<&Child::IsNegative>());}

};


int main()
{
    Child c;
    c.setup();
    cout << std::boolalpha << "expectFalse: " << c.callCallback() << endl;
    return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
#include <stdint.h>

using namespace std;

static constexpr int STORE_SIZE = 4;

void* operator new(size_t size)
{
    cout << "ERROR HEAP USED" << endl;
}

template<typename T, size_t storeSize>
class CallbackStore
{
public:

    CallbackStore() : that_(nullptr) {};
    CallbackStore(T* that) : that_(that) {};

    using CallbackCondition = bool (*) (T*);
    using CallbackAction = void (*) (T*,int);
    struct Step
    {
        CallbackCondition pCallbackCondition;
        CallbackAction pCallbackAction;
    };
    void setStep(int stepId,CallbackCondition pCallbackCondition, CallbackAction pCallbackAction)
    {
        if(stepId<storeSize)
        {
            store[stepId].pCallbackCondition = pCallbackCondition; 
            store[stepId].pCallbackAction = pCallbackAction; 
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "pointer error" << endl;
        }
    }
    void callStep(int stepId, int param) 
    {
        if((stepId<storeSize) &&
        (store[stepId].pCallbackCondition != nullptr) &&
        (store[stepId].pCallbackAction != nullptr) &&
        (that_ != nullptr))
        {
            bool isActive =  (*(store[stepId].pCallbackCondition))(that_);
            if(isActive) {(*(store[stepId].pCallbackAction))(that_,param);}
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "pointer error" << endl;
        }

    }
    Step store[storeSize];
    T* that_;
};

template<typename Base>
class Interface : public Base // interface
{
public:
    static bool True(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return true;
    }
    static bool IsNegative(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return ((static_cast<Base*>(baseInstance))->getValue() < 0);
    }
    static bool IsNull(Base* baseInstance)
    {
        return ((static_cast<Base*>(baseInstance))->getValue() == 0);
    }
    static void PrintValue(Base* baseInstance, int value)
    {
        cout << "print this value : " << value << "." << endl;
    }
};

class MotherA
{
public:
    int getValue() { return x_; }
    void setValue(int x) { x_ = x; }

private:
    int x_ = -3; 
};

class ChildA : public Interface<MotherA>, public CallbackStore<MotherA, STORE_SIZE>
{
public:
    ChildA():Interface<MotherA>(), CallbackStore<MotherA, STORE_SIZE>(this){};
    void setup()
    { 
        setStep(0, &Interface::IsNegative, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(1, &Interface::IsNull, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(2, &Interface::IsNull, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
        setStep(3, &Interface::True, &Interface::PrintValue ); 
    }

};

int main()
{
    ChildA c;
    c.setup();
    for(int i = 0; i < STORE_SIZE; i++)
    {
        c.callStep(i,8);
    }
    // shall print "print this value : 8." 3 times if x_ is null, twice if x_ is negative.
}