Warning: file_get_contents(/data/phpspider/zhask/data//catemap/6/cplusplus/160.json): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 167

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/tag.function.php on line 1116

Notice: Undefined index: in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 180

Warning: array_chunk() expects parameter 1 to be array, null given in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 181

Warning: file_get_contents(/data/phpspider/zhask/data//catemap/4/c/59.json): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 167

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/tag.function.php on line 1116

Notice: Undefined index: in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 180

Warning: array_chunk() expects parameter 1 to be array, null given in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 181
C++ 在ConsoleApplication5.exe中的0x0F640E09(基于UCRTBASE.dll)处引发异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突写入位置0x014C3000?_C++_Arrays_Pointers_Dynamic Memory Allocation_C Strings - Fatal编程技术网

C++ 在ConsoleApplication5.exe中的0x0F640E09(基于UCRTBASE.dll)处引发异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突写入位置0x014C3000?

C++ 在ConsoleApplication5.exe中的0x0F640E09(基于UCRTBASE.dll)处引发异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突写入位置0x014C3000?,c++,arrays,pointers,dynamic-memory-allocation,c-strings,C++,Arrays,Pointers,Dynamic Memory Allocation,C Strings,我刚刚编译了这段代码,它向我显示了以下错误: 在ConsoleApplication5.exe中的0x0F640E09(基于UCRTBASE.dll)处引发异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突写入位置0x014C3000。我真的不知道这个错误意味着什么,因为我刚刚使用C++几个月,我也尝试过任何其他网站寻求帮助,但我没有找到任何。 对于这段代码,我只允许使用c字符串函数和库。我无法使用字符串对象或包含库。我还可以使用助手方法/函数 #include <iostream> #inclu

我刚刚编译了这段代码,它向我显示了以下错误:
在ConsoleApplication5.exe中的0x0F640E09(基于UCRTBASE.dll)处引发异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突写入位置0x014C3000。我真的不知道这个错误意味着什么,因为我刚刚使用C++几个月,我也尝试过任何其他网站寻求帮助,但我没有找到任何。 对于这段代码,我只允许使用c字符串函数和
库。我无法使用字符串对象或包含库。我还可以使用助手方法/函数

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

class MyString {
public:

    //default constructor
    MyString();

    MyString(char* chars);

    //copy constructor
    MyString(const MyString &);

    int length() const;

    //destructor
    ~MyString();

    //operator overloads
    char& operator[](int index);
    friend MyString operator+(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    MyString& operator+=(const MyString& newWord);
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend istream& operator >> (istream& newWord, MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator==(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator!=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator<(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator<=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator>(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator>=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);

private:
    char* value;
    int size;
};

//default constructor
MyString::MyString() {

    value = 0;
    size = 0;
}

//copy constructor
MyString::MyString(const MyString& newWord) {

    //perform a deep copy to copy each of the value to a new memory
    size = newWord.size;
    value = new char[size];

    for (int ii = 0; ii < size; ii++) {
        value[ii] = newWord.value[ii];
    }
}

//constructor with an argument
MyString::MyString(char* chars) {

    size = strlen(chars);
    value = new char[size];
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        value[i] = chars[i];
    }

}

//find length
int MyString::length() const {

    return size;
}

//find the value of each index
char& MyString::operator[](int index) {

    return value[index];
}

//operator + (concatenate)
MyString operator+(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {

    MyString concatenated;
    concatenated = strcat(newWord.value, newWord.value);
    return concatenated;

}

//operator += (append)
MyString& MyString::operator+=(const MyString& newWord) {

    char * newMemory = value;
    value = new char[strlen(value) + newWord.length() + 1];
    strcpy(value, newMemory);
    strcat(value, newWord.value);
    if (size != 0)
    {
        delete[] newMemory;
    }
    size = strlen(value);
    return *this;
}

//ostream operator
ostream& operator<<(ostream& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {

    newWord << newWord2.value;
    return newWord;
}


//istream operator
istream& operator >> (istream& newWord, MyString& newWord2) {

    const int MAX = 100;
    char* ptr = new char[MAX];
    newWord >> ptr;
    newWord2 = MyString(ptr);
    delete ptr;
    return newWord;
}

//all boolean operators
bool operator==(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value == newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

bool operator!=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value != newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

bool operator<(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value < newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

bool operator<=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value <= newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

bool operator>(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value > newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

bool operator>=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    if (newWord.value >= newWord2.value) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

//destructor to release memory
MyString::~MyString() {
    delete[] value;
}

void test_copy_and_destructor(MyString S) {
    cout << "test: copy constructor and destructor calls: " << endl;
    MyString temp = S;
    cout << "temp inside function test_copy_and_destructor: " << temp << endl;
}

int main() {

    MyString st1("abc abc");
    MyString st2("9fgth");

    cout << "Copy constructor , << operator" << endl;

    MyString  st3(st1);

    cout << "st3: " << st3 << endl;

    test_copy_and_destructor(st2);

    MyString  st4;

    cout << "operator + " << endl;

    st4 = st3 + st2;

    cout << "st4: " << st4 << endl;

    cout << "st1 + st2: " << (st1 + st2) << endl;

    cout << "operators  [ ] " << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < st2.length(); i++)
        cout << st2[i] << " ";

    cout << endl;

    cout << "operators  += , ==, != " << endl;

    st2 += st1;

    if (st3 == st1)
        cout << "st3 and st1 are identical " << endl;
    else cout << "st3 and st1 are not identical " << endl;

    if (st2 != st1)
        cout << "st2 and st1 are not identical " << endl;
    else cout << "st2 and st1 are identical " << endl;

    cout << "operators  < , <=, >, >= " << endl;

    if (st2 < st1)
        cout << "st2 < st1 " << endl;
    else cout << "st2 is not less than st1 " << endl;

    if (st1 <= st2)
        cout << "st1 <= st2 " << endl;
    else cout << "st1 is not less than or equal to st2 " << endl;

    if (st1 > st2)
        cout << "st1 > st2 " << endl;
    else cout << "not (st1 >  st2) " << endl;

    if (st1 >= st2)
        cout << "st1 >= st2 " << endl;
    else cout << "not (st1 >=  st2) " << endl;

    cout << "operator >> " << endl;

    //Open the data file
    ifstream input("A9_input.txt");
    if (input.fail()) {
        cout << "unable to open input file A9_input.txt, Exiting..... ";
        system("pause");
        return 0;
    }
    MyString temp1;
    MyString temp2("aaa");
    input >> temp1;
    input >> temp2;
    cout << "first element of input file: " << temp1 << endl;
    cout << "second element of input file: " << temp2 << endl;
    input.close();

    cout << "MyString says farewell....." << endl;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}
#包括
#包括
#包括
使用名称空间std;
类MyString{
公众:
//默认构造函数
MyString();
MyString(char*chars);
//复制构造函数
MyString(constmystring&);
int length()常量;
//析构函数
~MyString();
//运算符重载
字符和运算符[](整数索引);
friend MyString操作符+(const MyString和newWord,const MyString和newWord2);
MyString和operator+=(const MyString和newWord);
friend ostream&operator(istream&newWord、MyString&newWord2);
friend bool运算符==(const MyString和newWord,const MyString和newWord2);
friend bool操作符!=(const MyString和newWord,const MyString和newWord2);
friend bool运算符=(const MyString和newWord,const MyString和newWord2);
私人:
字符*值;
整数大小;
};
//默认构造函数
MyString::MyString(){
数值=0;
尺寸=0;
}
//复制构造函数
MyString::MyString(constmystring和newWord){
//执行深度复制以将每个值复制到新内存中
size=newWord.size;
值=新字符[大小];
用于(int ii=0;iiptr;
newWord2=MyString(ptr);
删除ptr;
返回新词;
}
//所有布尔运算符
布尔运算符==(常量MyString和newWord,常量MyString和newWord2){
if(newWord.value==newWord2.value){
返回true;
}
否则{
返回false;
}
}
接线员=(const MyString和newWord,const MyString和newWord2){
if(newWord.value!=newWord2.value){
返回true;
}
否则{
返回false;
}
}
布尔运算符=(常量MyString和newWord,常量MyString和newWord2){
如果(newWord.value>=newWord2.value){
返回true;
}
否则{
返回false;
}
}
//释放内存的析构函数
MyString::~MyString(){
删除[]值;
}
无效测试、复制和析构函数(MyString S){

cout您的错误很可能发生在以下代码上:

st4 = st3 + st2; # note that you initialize st4 with type MyString but inside operator+ you assign a char[] to MyString. Just letting you know since you dont have a operator= overloaded function 
电话:

MyString operator+(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {

    MyString concatenated;
    concatenated = strcat(newWord.value, newWord.value); # you have an mistake here, second parameter should be newWord2.value
    return concatenated;

}
您假设newWord.value拥有足够的空间来容纳newWord.value和newWord2.value。但并不是您在构造函数中将其初始化为newWord.value,所以您基本上是在一个违反内存访问的区域中写入。您要做的是使newWord足够大以容纳两个字符串


参考strcat:

您的
运算符+
正在写入已分配的内存(缓冲区溢出)。您可以轻松地将其更改为非常简单的:

MyString operator +(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) {
    MyString concatenated;
    return concatenated += newWord2;
}
然后它甚至不需要是该类的
朋友

另外,
运算符+=
是错误的,因为字符串不是以空结尾创建的,所以实际上根本不应该使用
strlen()
strcpy()
strcat()
,因为这样会将任意内存连接在一起(读取过去分配的内存也可能会出错)。因此,您应该考虑是否希望字符串以NULL结尾(并以此方式使用)

无论如何,
运算符+=
的定义也不是很有效,更干净、更有效的可能是,例如:

MyString& MyString::operator+=(const MyString& newWord) {
    size_t newSize = size + newWord.size;
    char * newValue = new char[newSize /* + 1 */]; // not null terminated, but cannot be printed easily then
                                          // or make the string initially null terminated and then allocate +1 and null terminate then
    memcpy(newValue, value, size);
    memcpy(newValue + size, newWord.value, newWord.size /* + 1 */);
    delete[] value;
    value = newValue;
    size = newSize;
    return *this;
}
请参阅?不使用遍历字符串的
strlen()
(在您的示例中不是以null结尾),因为您知道字符串的大小。您也可以在构造函数中使用
memcpy()
,而不是(int i=0;i
循环。或者
strcpy()
并使字符串以null结尾(但即使这样,也可以使用
memcpy()
,因为它速度更快-不会在复制的每个字符上测试
'\0'

运算符
=
!=
似乎也不太正确,因为只比较指针(因此字符串将只等于自身,而不等于具有存储在
值中相同字符的其他字符串)


此外,由于初始字符串不是以null结尾的,
运算符代码还有其他问题,大多数问题都与比较运算符有关


您的
运算符
strlen(chars)
不够长,无法容纳整个c字符串。此代码优于。您仍然在比较指针而不是值,并且运算符+仍然误用strcat。您的
MyString
赋值运算符(
运算符=
)在哪里?您的<
#include <cstring>
//...     
class MyString {
public:
    //...    
    friend bool operator==(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator!=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator<(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator<=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator>(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);
    friend bool operator>=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2);

private:
    char* value;
    int size;
};

bool operator==(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) 
{ return strcmp(newWord.value, newWord2.value) == 0; } 

bool operator<(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2) 
{ return strcmp(newWord.value, newWord2.value) == -1; }

bool operator!=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2)
{ return !(newWord == newWord2); }

bool operator<=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2)
{ return !(newWord2 < newWord); }   

bool operator> (const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2)
{ return newWord2 < newWord; }

bool operator>=(const MyString& newWord, const MyString& newWord2)
{ return !(newWord < newWord2); }
MyString& operator=(const MyString&)