在数组中搜索以查找单词的单独实例 这是我的高级C++类中的一个作业，我们正在研究指针和动态分配的数组，虽然这似乎不是我的问题所在……/P>

函数头、引号、单词和计数是重要的数组，NumWords只包含引号数组中有多少元素的计数

void CountWords ( char ** Quote, char **& Words, int *& Count, int NumWords )
{

变量等，一些数组通过指针从main传递

    char ** Temp = nullptr;
    int * ITemp = nullptr;
    int WordCount = 0;
    int QuoteCount = 0;

接下来是for循环的启动读数。我正在创建两个动态分配的数组，一个用于存储在引号数组中新找到的单词实例，另一个用于存储该单词在引号数组中出现的次数计数。所有这些看起来都很好，但我不喜欢所有东西都有多大（代码膨胀），任何让它以不同方式开始的建议都是非常好的

字符的第一个动态数组

Temp = new char * [WordCount + 1];
    for (int z = 0; z < WordCount; z++)
    {
        Temp[z] = Words[z];
    }
Temp[WordCount] = new char[ strlen( Quote[WordCount]) +1  ];
strcpy( Temp[WordCount], Quote[WordCount] );
delete [] Words;
Words = Temp;

这就是事情开始变得不稳定的地方

for (int i = 0; i < NumWords; i++)
{

//Right here is where the program breaks, after the second iteration of this
//For-loop.  What happens is the loop counter (i) increments to 2 shortly 
//before Words[2] gets created.  I've tried decrementing i inside the If,
//where QuoteCount gets incremented, but that causes an out-of-bounds error
//on the Quote array on the last iteration.

//Check to see if Quote value is in Words
if (_stricmp( Quote[ QuoteCount ], Words[ i ]) == 0 )
{
    //If true, move on to next element in Quote array.
    QuoteCount++;
}

//If false, write Quote value to Words
else
{
        Temp = new char * [WordCount + 1];
        for (int z = 0; z < WordCount; z++)
        {
            Temp[z] = Words[z];
        }
        Temp[WordCount] = new char[ strlen( Quote[WordCount]) +1  ];
        strcpy( Temp[WordCount], Quote[WordCount] );
        delete [] Words;
        Words = Temp;

 //Create new array element in Count to track new value in Words
        ITemp = new int [ WordCount + 1 ];
        for (int z = 0; z < WordCount; z++)
        {
            ITemp[z] = Count[z];
        }
        ITemp[WordCount] = 0;
        delete [] Count;
        Count = ITemp;


//Check Quote for other instances of Word
        for (int j = 0; j < NumWords; j++)
        {
            if (_stricmp( Words[ WordCount ], Quote[j]) == 0 )
            {
            Count[ WordCount ]++;
            }//if
        }//for
//Increment word counter, indicating a new word was stored.

        WordCount++;

    }//else
}//for
}//function

for（int i=0；i

我觉得这已经变得比需要的复杂得多了。我开始尝试嵌套循环，但似乎也无法实现。另一件事是，一旦它将一个单词从引语复制到另一个单词，它就不应该再复制那个单词

---

此外，一般输入的代码质量和这样的将是赞赏的。我正努力在以后的生活中成为一名软件工程师，我喜欢在我所做的事情上做得最好，所以我需要一直尽可能多地学习。

你的主要问题是你似乎想用

I

逐步完成引用，但同时你也在用它来索引

单词。一种更合乎逻辑的方法是，对照已复制到
单词中的现有单词检查引号中的每个单词，并相应地增加计数或插入单词。您还可以利用
单词中最多有
NumWords
这一事实，并在函数开始时分配足够的内存：

void CountWords(char const** Quote, char**& Words, int*& Count, int NumWords)
{
  Words = new char*[NumWords];
  Count = new int[NumWords];

  int words = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < NumWords; ++i) {

    int j = 0;
    for (; j < words; ++j) {

      if (!strcmp(Quote[i], Words[j])) { // Duplicate word
        ++Count[j];
        break;
      }
    }

    if (j == words) { // New word found
      Words[words] = new char[strlen(Quote[i]) + 1]{};
      strcpy(Words[words], Quote[i]);
      Count[words] = 1;
      words++;
    }
  }

  Count[words] = 0;
}

int main()
{
  char const* quote[] = {"Hello", "world", "hello", "world"};
  char** words;
  int* count;
  CountWords(quote, words, count, 4);

  for (int i = 0; count[i]; ++i) {
    std::cout << words[i] << ' ' << count[i] << '\n';
    delete[] words[i];
  }

  delete[] words;
  delete[] count;      
}

这样使用：
app
是否禁止您使用标准容器，如
string
和
vector
？否
vectors
，我们还没有找到它们。至于
string
你的意思是
cstring
？我想不是，这一章中也介绍了
strstrstr
、
strtok
和
strchr
函数。不，我是说
std:：string
，但现在看来你做事情很难。然后就是很难了。在学习酷的东西之前必须先学习基础知识，对吗？如果我能解决递增的问题，我想剩下的部分应该可以解决。除非递增问题是我看不到的潜在问题的症状。你能提供函数参数示例吗？这似乎工作得很好。我必须在开始时为循环
添加一个
，以便将0写入新计数数组的所有元素。除此之外，太棒了！非常感谢你。我正要把头发拔出来…@Teravian好主意！去证明这东西是多么容易出错。另一个选项是更改
Count[words]++到<代码>计数[字]=1取而代之。您还可以按如下方式设置数组的零：
Count=newint[NumWords]{}
WordCount++;
QuoteCount++;

for (int i = 0; i < NumWords; i++)
{

//Right here is where the program breaks, after the second iteration of this
//For-loop.  What happens is the loop counter (i) increments to 2 shortly 
//before Words[2] gets created.  I've tried decrementing i inside the If,
//where QuoteCount gets incremented, but that causes an out-of-bounds error
//on the Quote array on the last iteration.

//Check to see if Quote value is in Words
if (_stricmp( Quote[ QuoteCount ], Words[ i ]) == 0 )
{
    //If true, move on to next element in Quote array.
    QuoteCount++;
}

//If false, write Quote value to Words
else
{
        Temp = new char * [WordCount + 1];
        for (int z = 0; z < WordCount; z++)
        {
            Temp[z] = Words[z];
        }
        Temp[WordCount] = new char[ strlen( Quote[WordCount]) +1  ];
        strcpy( Temp[WordCount], Quote[WordCount] );
        delete [] Words;
        Words = Temp;

 //Create new array element in Count to track new value in Words
        ITemp = new int [ WordCount + 1 ];
        for (int z = 0; z < WordCount; z++)
        {
            ITemp[z] = Count[z];
        }
        ITemp[WordCount] = 0;
        delete [] Count;
        Count = ITemp;


//Check Quote for other instances of Word
        for (int j = 0; j < NumWords; j++)
        {
            if (_stricmp( Words[ WordCount ], Quote[j]) == 0 )
            {
            Count[ WordCount ]++;
            }//if
        }//for
//Increment word counter, indicating a new word was stored.

        WordCount++;

    }//else
}//for
}//function

void CountWords(char const** Quote, char**& Words, int*& Count, int NumWords)
{
  Words = new char*[NumWords];
  Count = new int[NumWords];

  int words = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < NumWords; ++i) {

    int j = 0;
    for (; j < words; ++j) {

      if (!strcmp(Quote[i], Words[j])) { // Duplicate word
        ++Count[j];
        break;
      }
    }

    if (j == words) { // New word found
      Words[words] = new char[strlen(Quote[i]) + 1]{};
      strcpy(Words[words], Quote[i]);
      Count[words] = 1;
      words++;
    }
  }

  Count[words] = 0;
}

int main()
{
  char const* quote[] = {"Hello", "world", "hello", "world"};
  char** words;
  int* count;
  CountWords(quote, words, count, 4);

  for (int i = 0; count[i]; ++i) {
    std::cout << words[i] << ' ' << count[i] << '\n';
    delete[] words[i];
  }

  delete[] words;
  delete[] count;      
}

#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>

int main()
{
  std::string word;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, int> map;

  while (std::cin >> word)
    ++map[word];

  for (auto const& w : map)
    std::cout << w.first << " : " << w.second << '\n';
}