使用C+访问OS X上的标准目录+； < >从C++中，对OSX标准目录访问的标准化方法是什么？比如 ~>库/应用支持> /COD>或 ~/库/首选项< /C> > /P>

我看到有人提到过它的使用，但也有人提到它已被弃用，我很难找到允许我做的不仅仅是粘贴代码的文档

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我发现提到使用目标C++，但是关于这个选项的大部分信息都围绕着调用来自目标C的C++代码，而且，苹果的文档似乎相当稀疏。或者至少我还没有成功地找到它。

看看下面的技术问答，它解决了在您不想引入NS名称空间的环境中进行tilde扩展的问题：

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我没有遇到类似于NSString的expandTildeAtPath的内置CoreFoundation调用。至于您提到的CoreServices示例，其中包括FsRefs。这些是旧的Carbon调用和用于处理系统文件的对象。那些已经被弃用了，而不是CoreFoundation。

好吧，有一个鲜为人知的

NSSystemDirectories.h

（位于

/usr/include/NSSystemDirectories.h

）头，存在于每个版本的OS X上，我一直检查到OS X 10.3。它是libc的一部分：

提供了一个C API，虽然创建ObjuleC++封装器并不太困难：创建一个纯C++接口，在实现中，使用Objvi-C.< FolderManager.h：

#include <stdio.h>
namespace fm {
    enum {
        NSApplicationDirectory = 1,
        NSDemoApplicationDirectory,
        NSDeveloperApplicationDirectory,
        NSAdminApplicationDirectory,
        NSLibraryDirectory,
        NSDeveloperDirectory,
        NSUserDirectory,
        NSDocumentationDirectory,
        NSDocumentDirectory,
        NSCoreServiceDirectory,
        NSAutosavedInformationDirectory = 11,
        NSDesktopDirectory = 12,
        NSCachesDirectory = 13,
        NSApplicationSupportDirectory = 14,
        NSDownloadsDirectory = 15,
        NSInputMethodsDirectory = 16,
        NSMoviesDirectory = 17,
        NSMusicDirectory = 18,
        NSPicturesDirectory = 19,
        NSPrinterDescriptionDirectory = 20,
        NSSharedPublicDirectory = 21,
        NSPreferencePanesDirectory = 22,
        NSApplicationScriptsDirectory = 23,
        NSItemReplacementDirectory = 99,
        NSAllApplicationsDirectory = 100,
        NSAllLibrariesDirectory = 101,
        NSTrashDirectory = 102
    };
    typedef unsigned long SearchPathDirectory;

    enum {
        NSUserDomainMask = 1,       // user's home directory --- place to install user's personal items (~)
        NSLocalDomainMask = 2,      // local to the current machine --- place to install items available to everyone on this machine (/Library)
        NSNetworkDomainMask = 4,    // publically available location in the local area network --- place to install items available on the network (/Network)
        NSSystemDomainMask = 8,     // provided by Apple, unmodifiable (/System)
        NSAllDomainsMask = 0x0ffff  // all domains: all of the above and future items
    };
    typedef unsigned long SearchPathDomainMask;

    class FolderManager {
        public:

        FolderManager();
        ~FolderManager();

        const char *pathForDirectory(SearchPathDirectory directory, SearchPathDomainMask domainMask);
        const char *pathForDirectoryAppropriateForItemAtPath(SearchPathDirectory directory, SearchPathDomainMask domainMask, const char *itemPath, bool create = false);

        private:
            void *m_autoreleasePool;
    };
};

当我在我的机器上运行它时，向它传递一个参数

/Volumes/Untitled3/folder/testFile.chm

，它将输出以下内容：

folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/Library/Application Support
folderPath == /Library/Application Support
folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/.Trash
folderPath == /Volumes/Untitled 3/.Trashes/501
folderPath == /Volumes/Untitled 3/.TemporaryItems/folders.501/TemporaryItems/(A Document Being Saved By findFolder)

**关于关于

NSAutoreleasePool

重要性的内存管理评论：我在OS X Yosemite，Xcode 7.2.1中测试了它，通过评论

NSAutoreleasePool

的创建，在我的一生中，我无法将任何错误记录到控制台，所以我不确定发生了什么

我所期望的是在OS X 10.6的Xcode 3.2.6中编译它时得到的结果：

findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x10010c6d0 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x10010c820 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111540 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111710 of class NSPathStore2 autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111770 of class NSPathStore2 autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111a20 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111a60 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111d10 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111ac0 of class NSURL autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111c20 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111de0 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111cb0 of class NSConcreteData autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/Library/Application Support

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这是因为许多Objective-C调用返回自动删除的对象：

NSFileManager

的

URLsForDirectory:inDomain:

返回一个由

NSURL

组成的自动删除数组。调用

NSURL

的

path

方法返回（创建）自动删除的

NSString

s（实际上，是

NSPathStore2

私有子类）等…

感谢您的响应，虽然这样做有效，但它的不雅让我感到厌烦。我决定去Objic C++，这几乎允许我使用这个C++ API，同时尽可能地远离C++。虽然我仍然不确定是否<代码> [NSFLIMEMAGER URLsFrordCudio:IDECOMANE] 或使用<代码> NSURL是最好的（我现在使用<代码> NSFLIMEMANER ），至少它是用简单的代码而不是核心的基础工作。我不知道这是否是另一个问题，但是，当您在类实例上调用“pathForDirectory”时，为什么自动释放池会隐式地用于任何分配？从10.12开始：“此API已被sysdir.h中的API完全替换。”

folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/Library/Application Support
folderPath == /Library/Application Support
folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/.Trash
folderPath == /Volumes/Untitled 3/.Trashes/501
folderPath == /Volumes/Untitled 3/.TemporaryItems/folders.501/TemporaryItems/(A Document Being Saved By findFolder)

findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x10010c6d0 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x10010c820 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111540 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111710 of class NSPathStore2 autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111770 of class NSPathStore2 autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111a20 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111a60 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111d10 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111ac0 of class NSURL autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111c20 of class NSCFArray autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111de0 of class NSCFString autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
findFolder[300] *** __NSAutoreleaseNoPool(): Object 0x100111cb0 of class NSConcreteData autoreleased with no pool in place - just leaking
folderPath == /Users/mdouma46/Library/Application Support