C++ 通过DirectX12工具包绘制球体

我在尝试绘制球体时遇到三个问题：

球体在某些角度有毛刺：

不知道如何将颜色应用于球体

无法同时绘制两个球体-仅显示一个球体 代码。呈现：

void Game::Render()
{
if (m_timer.GetFrameCount() == 0)
{
return;
}

m_deviceResources->Prepare();
Clear();

auto commandList = m_deviceResources->GetCommandList();
PIXBeginEvent(commandList, PIX_COLOR_DEFAULT, L"Render");

auto commandList2 = m_deviceResources->GetCommandList();
PIXBeginEvent(commandList2, PIX_COLOR_DEFAULT, L"Draw Sphere");

m_shapeEffect->Apply(m_deviceResources->GetCommandList());

for (int i(0); i < vsphere; i++)
{
m_shapeEffect->SetWorld(d3dsphere[i]->world);
d3dsphere[i]->Draw(commandList2);
}

PIXEndEvent(commandList2);
PIXEndEvent(commandList);
PIXBeginEvent(m_deviceResources->GetCommandQueue(), PIX_COLOR_DEFAULT, L"Present");
m_deviceResources->Present();
m_graphicsMemory->Commit(m_deviceResources->GetCommandQueue());
PIXEndEvent(m_deviceResources->GetCommandQueue());
}

如果我认为球体半径（以及我场景中的所有东西）非常小（~10^-6），可能会很有用

由于未知的原因，most中的示例代码与我通过NuGet软件包安装的头不兼容-我在方法中有不同的构造函数和参数。我认为问题在于我使用的是Visual Studio 15，但Microsoft建议至少使用17（有两个不同的DirectX12TK NuGet软件包—一个用于VS15，另一个用于VS17及以上版本）。这很奇怪

---

我通过更改渲染中的代码解决了第三个问题：

for(int i(0);i<vsphere;i++)
{
m_shapeEffect->SetMatrices(d3dsphere->world, m_view, m_projection);
m_shapeEffect->Apply(m_deviceResources->GetCommandList());
d3dsphere[i]->Draw();
}

for（int i（0）；等三坐标（d3dsphere->world，m_视图，m_投影）；
m_shapeEffect->Apply（m_deviceResources->GetCommandList（））；
d3dsphere[i]->Draw（）；
}

---

我使用的DirectX12TK NuGet软件包版本是

2019.12.17.1

这里，您告诉管道状态对象您正在使用

VertexPositionColor

，并且需要逐顶点颜色：

EffectPipelineStateDescription pd(
&VertexPositionColor::InputLayout,
CommonStates::Opaque,
CommonStates::DepthNone,
CommonStates::CullNone,
rtState,
D3D12_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TYPE_TRIANGLE);
m_shapeEffect = std::make_unique<BasicEffect>(device, EffectFlags::VertexColor, pd);

但是你告诉顶点着色器它是：

const D3D12_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC VertexPositionColor::InputElements[] =
{
    { "SV_Position", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT,    0, D3D12_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT, D3D12_INPUT_CLASSIFICATION_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 },
    { "COLOR",       0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0, D3D12_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT, D3D12_INPUT_CLASSIFICATION_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 },
};

将您的基本效果更改为：

EffectPipelineStateDescription pd(
&GeometricPrimitive::VertexType::InputLayout,
CommonStates::Opaque,
CommonStates::DepthNone,
CommonStates::CullNone,
rtState,
D3D12_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TYPE_TRIANGLE);
m_shapeEffect = std::make_unique<BasicEffect>(device, EffectFlags::None, pd);

支持Visual Studio 2015的DirectX DX12工具包的最新版本是。2019年12月和2020年4月之间的功能或API差异非常小，因此我不确定您为什么认为wiki过时。您使用的是什么NuGet软件包和版本

---

您使用的是哪个特定的NuGet软件包？您的设备资源构造函数的参数是什么？在我看来深度缓冲区设置得不正确。为什么这里有多个commandList变量？@ChuckWalbourn，可能是因为我理解错误，但它起作用了，所以我没有更改它。我应该只有一个吗？让su在同一个项目中，您只有一个：

directxtk12_desktop_2015

，

directxtk12_desktop_2017

，

directxtk12_uwp

。同时确保您没有使用

directxtk_desktop_2015

，

directxtk_desktop_2015

，或

directxtk_uwp

（即DX11版本）@ChuckWalbourn我指的是commandList。我安装了

directxtk12_desktop_2015

version

2019.12.17.1

，这是我项目中唯一的NuGet软件包。我打开“软件包”直接检查了它谢谢，为了得到反馈，我编辑了我的答案。在画了几个球体之后，我同意深度缓冲区设置错误，所以应该如何设置？我也不知道如何使用自定义颜色（而不是纹理）制作球体了解了，如何设置深度缓冲区，自定义颜色如何？更新了答案并提供了详细信息。还将此示例添加到和的

geometricsprimitive

wiki中。

struct VertexPositionNormalTexture
{
    XMFLOAT3 position;
    XMFLOAT3 normal;
    XMFLOAT2 textureCoordinate;
}

const D3D12_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC VertexPositionColor::InputElements[] =
{
    { "SV_Position", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT,    0, D3D12_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT, D3D12_INPUT_CLASSIFICATION_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 },
    { "COLOR",       0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0, D3D12_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT, D3D12_INPUT_CLASSIFICATION_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 },
};

EffectPipelineStateDescription pd(
&GeometricPrimitive::VertexType::InputLayout,
CommonStates::Opaque,
CommonStates::DepthNone,
CommonStates::CullNone,
rtState,
D3D12_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TYPE_TRIANGLE);
m_shapeEffect = std::make_unique<BasicEffect>(device, EffectFlags::None, pd);

D3D12_VERTEX_BUFFER_VIEW m_vertexBufferView;
D3D12_INDEX_BUFFER_VIEW m_indexBufferView;

UINT m_indexCount;

Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ID3D12Resource> m_vertexBuffer;
Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ID3D12Resource> m_indexBuffer;

// Create shape data
std::vector<VertexPositionNormalTexture> vertices;
std::vector<uint16_t> indices;
GeometricPrimitive::CreateSphere(vertices, indices);

std::vector<VertexPositionColor> newVerts;
newVerts.reserve(vertices.size());
for (auto it : vertices)
{
    VertexPositionColor v;
    v.position = it.position;
    v.color = XMFLOAT4(it.normal.x, it.normal.y, it.normal.z, 1.f);
    newVerts.emplace_back(v);
}

// Place data on upload heap
size_t vsize = newVerts.size() * sizeof(VertexPositionColor);
SharedGraphicsResource vb = GraphicsMemory::Get().Allocate(vsize);
memcpy(vb.Memory(), newVerts.data(), vsize);

size_t isize = indices.size() * sizeof(uint16_t);
SharedGraphicsResource ib = GraphicsMemory::Get().Allocate(isize);
memcpy(ib.Memory(), indices.data(), isize);

// You can render directly from the 'upload' heap or as shown here create static IB/VB resources
ResourceUploadBatch resourceUpload(device);
resourceUpload.Begin();

CD3DX12_HEAP_PROPERTIES heapProperties(D3D12_HEAP_TYPE_DEFAULT);

auto vdesc = CD3DX12_RESOURCE_DESC::Buffer(vsize);
auto idesc = CD3DX12_RESOURCE_DESC::Buffer(isize);

DX::ThrowIfFailed(device->CreateCommittedResource(
    &heapProperties, D3D12_HEAP_FLAG_NONE, &vdesc, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST,
    nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(m_vertexBuffer.GetAddressOf())));

DX::ThrowIfFailed(device->CreateCommittedResource(
    &heapProperties, D3D12_HEAP_FLAG_NONE, &idesc, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST,
    nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(m_indexBuffer.GetAddressOf())));

resourceUpload.Upload(m_vertexBuffer.Get(), vb);
resourceUpload.Upload(m_indexBuffer.Get(), ib);

resourceUpload.Transition(m_vertexBuffer.Get(),
    D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_VERTEX_AND_CONSTANT_BUFFER);
resourceUpload.Transition(m_indexBuffer.Get(),
    D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_INDEX_BUFFER);

auto uploadResourcesFinished = resourceUpload.End(m_deviceResources->GetCommandQueue());
uploadResourcesFinished.wait();

// Create matching effect for new vertex layout
EffectPipelineStateDescription psd(
    &VertexPositionColor::InputLayout,
    CommonStates::Opaque,
    CommonStates::DepthDefault,
    CommonStates::CullNone,
   rtState);

m_shapeEffect = std::make_unique<BasicEffect>(device, EffectFlags::VertexColor, psd);

// Set up buffer views
m_vertexBufferView = { m_vertexBuffer->GetGPUVirtualAddress(), UINT(vsize), sizeof(VertexPositionColor) };
m_indexBufferView = { m_indexBuffer->GetGPUVirtualAddress(), UINT(isize), DXGI_FORMAT_R16_UINT };

m_indexCount = UINT(indices.size());

m_shapeEffect->Apply(commandList);

commandList->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &m_vertexBufferView);
commandList->IASetIndexBuffer(&m_indexBufferView);
commandList->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST);

commandList->DrawIndexedInstanced(m_indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);