C# 外部联接在EF Core中未返回预期结果

在我的ASP.NET MVC核心应用程序中，

POST

操作方法

Test

未返回预期结果。该web应用程序是使用创建的，并进行了轻微修改。真正的应用程序可以并且正在使用最新版本的

VS2015

。该应用程序正在使用

EF-Core

。 如果下载项目，则需要执行以下步骤来测试上述意外结果：

注意：这些步骤的顺序很重要。这是一个非常小的测试项目。步骤2将创建一个名为ASPCore_Blogs的小型SQL Server数据库。因此，请确保SQL Server正在运行：

下载项目后，请确保在VS2015中打开项目之前从项目目录中删除

.vs

文件夹（如果项目挂起，您可能必须使用windows操作系统的

任务管理器

强制关闭它，然后重新打开它以使其正常工作。这是VS2015中的一个已知问题）

打开

startup.cs

文件，在Configuration（）方法中将数据库实例名称从

MyComputer\SQLServerInstance

更改为您正在使用的任何实例。在根目录中的

appsettings.json

文件中执行相同操作

在VS2015 PM窗口中，运行PM>update database-context BloggingContext[确保SQL Server正在运行]

然后运行：PM>updatedatabase-context-ApplicationDbContext

运行web应用程序。通过输入登录/密码信息进行注册。登录需要在电子邮件中(test@test.com)形式。在主页的左侧：

单击链接

Blog Create

，创建4个Blog，如下所示：Blog1@test.com, Blog2@test.com, Blog3@test.com, Blog4@test.com

单击链接

Blogs Index

，验证上述4个blog是否已创建

单击

Test

链接。此视图由

GET

操作方法

Test

调用。在相应的视图（

Test.cshtml

）中，您将看到页面上的

Url

列显示上述所有4个博客。和

标题

和

内容

列为空白。将

标题

列填写为：标题1、标题2、标题3、标题4。将

Content

列填写为：Content1、Content2、Content3、Content4

现在，转到名为

ASPCore\u BlogsNAxis的相应SQL Server DB，并在
Edit
模式下打开
Posts
表，手动将年后列值分别更改为：1998199919982001（注：故意重复1998）

现在，转到同一SQL Server数据库中的

Blogs

表，并输入一个额外的blog

Blog5@test.com

现在，运行web应用程序并再次单击

Test

链接（位于主页左侧）。您将看到，

Get

action方法

Test

使用left-outer-join来显示所有5个blog，但是右侧列（

Title

和

Content

）的值在第5行中是空白的，这是因为left-outer-join不满足第5个blog的

BlogId

上的连接条件。到目前为止还不错

现在，在

Test.cshtml

视图的

Year

下拉列表中，选择年份为1998年，然后单击

GO

按钮。根据

POST

操作方法

Test

的第一个

if

条件，应用程序应仅显示三条记录（两条记录用于1998年，第五条记录不满足加入条件）：第一条、第三条和第五条记录

但事实并非如此。当您通过从下拉列表中选择“不同年份”并单击“转到”按钮重复此操作时，您将看到输出不符合预期

示例数据：

BlogId  Url        PostId  Content    PostYear  Title
  1     test1.com     1     Content1    1998    Title1
  3     test3com      3     Content2    1998    Title3
  5     test5.com     NULL  NULL        NULL    NULL

public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
    public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
        : base(options)
    { }

    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Blog
{
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }

    public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public int PostYear { get; set; }
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog { get; set; }
}

public class BlogsController : Controller
{
    private readonly BloggingContext _context;

    public BlogsController(BloggingContext context)
    {
        _context = context;    
    }

    // GET: Blogs
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
    {
        return View(_context.Blogs.ToList());
    }

    // GET: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        //return View(await _context.Blogs.Include(p => p.Posts).ToListAsync());
        var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                    join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                    from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                    select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
        return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
    }

    // POST: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(List<BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel> list, string GO, int currentlySelectedIndex, string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(GO))
        {
            var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                        join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                        from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                        where c == null? true : c.PostYear.Equals(currentlySelectedIndex)
                        select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
            return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
        }
        else if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                var oPost = _context.Posts.Where(r => r.PostId.Equals(item.PostID)).FirstOrDefault();
                if (oPost != null)
                {
                    oPost.Title = item.Title;
                    oPost.Content = item.Content;
                    oPost.PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex;
                    oPost.BlogId = item.BlogID; //according to new post below the blogId should exist for a newly created port - but just in case
                }
                else
                {
                    if (item.PostID == 0)
                    {
                        Post oPostNew = new Post { BlogId = item.BlogID, Title = item.Title, Content = item.Content, PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex }; //need to use currentlySelectedIndex intead of item.FiscalYear in case of adding a record
                        _context.Add(oPostNew);
                    }

                }
            }
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            //return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
            return View(list);
        }

        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return View();
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Details/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Details(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Create
    [HttpGet]
    public IActionResult Create()
    {
        return View();
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Create
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create([Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            _context.Blogs.Add(blog);
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Edit/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Edit/5
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int id, [Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (id != blog.BlogId)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            try
            {
                _context.Update(blog);
                await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
            {
                if (!BlogExists(blog.BlogId))
                {
                    return NotFound();
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Delete/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Delete/5
    [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id)
    {
        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        _context.Blogs.Remove(blog);
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    private bool BlogExists(int id)
    {
        return _context.Blogs.Any(e => e.BlogId == id);
    }
}

日志表数据：

发布表格数据：

Test

Action GET方法中的左外部联接应返回：

当您在下拉列表中选择1998年并单击Go按钮时，Test（…）Post action方法查询将返回但它会随机返回任何行：

BlogId  Url        PostId  Content    PostYear  Title
  1     test1.com     1     Content1    1998    Title1
  3     test3com      3     Content2    1998    Title3
  5     test5.com     NULL  NULL        NULL    NULL

public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
    public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
        : base(options)
    { }

    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Blog
{
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }

    public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public int PostYear { get; set; }
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog { get; set; }
}

public class BlogsController : Controller
{
    private readonly BloggingContext _context;

    public BlogsController(BloggingContext context)
    {
        _context = context;    
    }

    // GET: Blogs
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
    {
        return View(_context.Blogs.ToList());
    }

    // GET: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        //return View(await _context.Blogs.Include(p => p.Posts).ToListAsync());
        var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                    join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                    from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                    select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
        return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
    }

    // POST: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(List<BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel> list, string GO, int currentlySelectedIndex, string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(GO))
        {
            var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                        join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                        from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                        where c == null? true : c.PostYear.Equals(currentlySelectedIndex)
                        select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
            return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
        }
        else if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                var oPost = _context.Posts.Where(r => r.PostId.Equals(item.PostID)).FirstOrDefault();
                if (oPost != null)
                {
                    oPost.Title = item.Title;
                    oPost.Content = item.Content;
                    oPost.PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex;
                    oPost.BlogId = item.BlogID; //according to new post below the blogId should exist for a newly created port - but just in case
                }
                else
                {
                    if (item.PostID == 0)
                    {
                        Post oPostNew = new Post { BlogId = item.BlogID, Title = item.Title, Content = item.Content, PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex }; //need to use currentlySelectedIndex intead of item.FiscalYear in case of adding a record
                        _context.Add(oPostNew);
                    }

                }
            }
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            //return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
            return View(list);
        }

        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return View();
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Details/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Details(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Create
    [HttpGet]
    public IActionResult Create()
    {
        return View();
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Create
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create([Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            _context.Blogs.Add(blog);
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Edit/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Edit/5
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int id, [Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (id != blog.BlogId)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            try
            {
                _context.Update(blog);
                await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
            {
                if (!BlogExists(blog.BlogId))
                {
                    return NotFound();
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Delete/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Delete/5
    [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id)
    {
        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        _context.Blogs.Remove(blog);
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    private bool BlogExists(int id)
    {
        return _context.Blogs.Any(e => e.BlogId == id);
    }
}

型号：

BlogId  Url        PostId  Content    PostYear  Title
  1     test1.com     1     Content1    1998    Title1
  3     test3com      3     Content2    1998    Title3
  5     test5.com     NULL  NULL        NULL    NULL

public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
    public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
        : base(options)
    { }

    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Blog
{
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }

    public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public int PostYear { get; set; }
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog { get; set; }
}

public class BlogsController : Controller
{
    private readonly BloggingContext _context;

    public BlogsController(BloggingContext context)
    {
        _context = context;    
    }

    // GET: Blogs
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
    {
        return View(_context.Blogs.ToList());
    }

    // GET: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        //return View(await _context.Blogs.Include(p => p.Posts).ToListAsync());
        var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                    join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                    from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                    select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
        return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
    }

    // POST: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(List<BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel> list, string GO, int currentlySelectedIndex, string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(GO))
        {
            var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                        join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                        from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                        where c == null? true : c.PostYear.Equals(currentlySelectedIndex)
                        select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
            return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
        }
        else if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                var oPost = _context.Posts.Where(r => r.PostId.Equals(item.PostID)).FirstOrDefault();
                if (oPost != null)
                {
                    oPost.Title = item.Title;
                    oPost.Content = item.Content;
                    oPost.PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex;
                    oPost.BlogId = item.BlogID; //according to new post below the blogId should exist for a newly created port - but just in case
                }
                else
                {
                    if (item.PostID == 0)
                    {
                        Post oPostNew = new Post { BlogId = item.BlogID, Title = item.Title, Content = item.Content, PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex }; //need to use currentlySelectedIndex intead of item.FiscalYear in case of adding a record
                        _context.Add(oPostNew);
                    }

                }
            }
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            //return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
            return View(list);
        }

        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return View();
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Details/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Details(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Create
    [HttpGet]
    public IActionResult Create()
    {
        return View();
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Create
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create([Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            _context.Blogs.Add(blog);
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Edit/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Edit/5
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int id, [Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (id != blog.BlogId)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            try
            {
                _context.Update(blog);
                await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
            {
                if (!BlogExists(blog.BlogId))
                {
                    return NotFound();
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Delete/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Delete/5
    [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id)
    {
        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        _context.Blogs.Remove(blog);
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    private bool BlogExists(int id)
    {
        return _context.Blogs.Any(e => e.BlogId == id);
    }
}

公共类BloggingContext:DbContext
{
公共博客上下文（DbContextOptions）
：基本（选项）
{ }
公共数据库集博客{get；set；}
公共DbSet Posts{get；set；}
}
公共类博客
{
public int BlogId{get；set；}
公共字符串Url{get；set；}
公共列表发布{get；set；}
}
公营职位
{
公共int PostId{get；set；}
公共字符串标题{get；set；}
公共字符串内容{get；set；}
公共int年后{get；set；}
public int BlogId{get；set；}
公共博客Blog{get；set；}
}

博客控制器：

BlogId  Url        PostId  Content    PostYear  Title
  1     test1.com     1     Content1    1998    Title1
  3     test3com      3     Content2    1998    Title3
  5     test5.com     NULL  NULL        NULL    NULL

public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
    public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
        : base(options)
    { }

    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Blog
{
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }

    public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}

public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public int PostYear { get; set; }
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog { get; set; }
}

public class BlogsController : Controller
{
    private readonly BloggingContext _context;

    public BlogsController(BloggingContext context)
    {
        _context = context;    
    }

    // GET: Blogs
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
    {
        return View(_context.Blogs.ToList());
    }

    // GET: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        //return View(await _context.Blogs.Include(p => p.Posts).ToListAsync());
        var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                    join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                    from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                    select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
        return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
    }

    // POST: /Blogs/Test
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Test(List<BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel> list, string GO, int currentlySelectedIndex, string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
        ViewBag.YearsList = Enumerable.Range(1996, 29).Select(g => new SelectListItem { Value = g.ToString(), Text = g.ToString() }).ToList();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(GO))
        {
            var qrVM = from b in _context.Blogs
                        join p in _context.Posts on b.BlogId equals p.BlogId into bp
                        from c in bp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                        where c == null? true : c.PostYear.Equals(currentlySelectedIndex)
                        select new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel { BlogID = b.BlogId, PostID = (c == null ? 0 : c.PostId), Url = b.Url, Title = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Title), Content = (c == null ? string.Empty : c.Content) };
            return View(await qrVM.ToListAsync());
        }
        else if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                var oPost = _context.Posts.Where(r => r.PostId.Equals(item.PostID)).FirstOrDefault();
                if (oPost != null)
                {
                    oPost.Title = item.Title;
                    oPost.Content = item.Content;
                    oPost.PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex;
                    oPost.BlogId = item.BlogID; //according to new post below the blogId should exist for a newly created port - but just in case
                }
                else
                {
                    if (item.PostID == 0)
                    {
                        Post oPostNew = new Post { BlogId = item.BlogID, Title = item.Title, Content = item.Content, PostYear = currentlySelectedIndex }; //need to use currentlySelectedIndex intead of item.FiscalYear in case of adding a record
                        _context.Add(oPostNew);
                    }

                }
            }
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            //return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
            return View(list);
        }

        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return View();
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Details/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Details(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Create
    [HttpGet]
    public IActionResult Create()
    {
        return View();
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Create
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create([Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            _context.Blogs.Add(blog);
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Edit/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Edit/5
    // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
    // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int id, [Bind("BlogId,Url")] Blog blog)
    {
        if (id != blog.BlogId)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            try
            {
                _context.Update(blog);
                await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
            {
                if (!BlogExists(blog.BlogId))
                {
                    return NotFound();
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        return View(blog);
    }

    // GET: Blogs/Delete/5
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(int? id)
    {
        if (id == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        if (blog == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return View(blog);
    }

    // POST: Blogs/Delete/5
    [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id)
    {
        var blog = await _context.Blogs.SingleOrDefaultAsync(m => m.BlogId == id);
        _context.Blogs.Remove(blog);
        await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    private bool BlogExists(int id)
    {
        return _context.Blogs.Any(e => e.BlogId == id);
    }
}

public类BlogsController:Controller
{
私有只读BloggingContext_context；
公共博客控制器（博客上下文）
{
_上下文=上下文；
}
//获取：博客
公共异步任务索引（）
{
返回视图（_context.Blogs.ToList（））；
}
//获取：/Blogs/Test
[HttpGet]
公共异步任务测试（字符串returnUrl=null）
{
ViewData[“ReturnUrl”]=ReturnUrl；
ViewBag.YearsList=Enumerable.Range（1996，29）.Select（g=>new SelectListItem{Value=g.ToString（），Text=g.ToString（））.ToList（）；
//返回视图（wait_context.Blogs.Include（p=>p.Posts.ToListAsync（））；
var qrVM=来自_context.Blogs中的b
将b.BlogId上的p in_context.Posts等于p.BlogId加入bp
来自bp.DefaultIfEmpty（）中的c
选择new BlogsWithRelatedPostsViewModel{BlogID=b.BlogID，PostID=（c==null？0:c.PostID），Url=b.Url，Title=（c==null？string.Empty:c.Title），Content=（c==null？string.Empty:c.Content）}；
返回视图（等待qrVM.ToListAsync（））；
}
//POST:/Blogs/测试
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
公共异步任务测试（列表、字符串GO、int current