C# MEF GetExports<；T、 TMetaDataView>；AllowMultiple=True时不返回任何内容

我不太理解MEF，所以希望这是一个简单的修复，我认为它是如何工作的

我试图使用MEF来获取一些关于类的信息，以及如何使用它。我正在使用元数据选项来尝试实现这一点。我的接口和属性如下所示：

public interface IMyInterface
{
}

public interface IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    Type SomeProperty1 { get; }
    double SomeProperty2 { get; }
    string SomeProperty3 { get; }
}

[MetadataAttribute]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class ExportMyInterfaceAttribute : ExportAttribute, IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    public ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(Type someProperty1, double someProperty2, string someProperty3)
        : base(typeof(IMyInterface))
    {
        SomeProperty1 = someProperty1;
        SomeProperty2 = someProperty2;
        SomeProperty3 = someProperty3;
    }

    public Type SomeProperty1 { get; set; }
    public double SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
    public string SomeProperty3 { get; set; }
}

[ExportMyInterface(typeof(string), 0.1, "whoo data!")]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(int), 0.4, "asdfasdf!!")]
public class DecoratedClass : IMyInterface
{
}

private void SomeFunction()
{
    // CompositionContainer is an instance of CompositionContainer
    var myExports = CompositionContainer.GetExports<IMyInterface, IMyInterfaceInfo>();
}

public class MyInterfaceInfoView
{
    public IMyInterfaceInfo[] Infos { get; set; }

    public MyInterfaceInfoView(IDictionary<string, object> aDict)
    {
        Type[] p1 = aDict["SomeProperty1"] as Type[];
        double[] p2 = aDict["SomeProperty2"] as double[];
        string[] p3 = aDict["SomeProperty3"] as string[];

        Infos = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute[p1.Length];
        for (int i = 0; i < Infos.Length; i++)
            Infos[i] = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(p1[i], p2[i], p3[i]);
    }
}

用该属性修饰的类如下所示：

public interface IMyInterface
{
}

public interface IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    Type SomeProperty1 { get; }
    double SomeProperty2 { get; }
    string SomeProperty3 { get; }
}

[MetadataAttribute]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class ExportMyInterfaceAttribute : ExportAttribute, IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    public ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(Type someProperty1, double someProperty2, string someProperty3)
        : base(typeof(IMyInterface))
    {
        SomeProperty1 = someProperty1;
        SomeProperty2 = someProperty2;
        SomeProperty3 = someProperty3;
    }

    public Type SomeProperty1 { get; set; }
    public double SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
    public string SomeProperty3 { get; set; }
}

[ExportMyInterface(typeof(string), 0.1, "whoo data!")]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(int), 0.4, "asdfasdf!!")]
public class DecoratedClass : IMyInterface
{
}

private void SomeFunction()
{
    // CompositionContainer is an instance of CompositionContainer
    var myExports = CompositionContainer.GetExports<IMyInterface, IMyInterfaceInfo>();
}

public class MyInterfaceInfoView
{
    public IMyInterfaceInfo[] Infos { get; set; }

    public MyInterfaceInfoView(IDictionary<string, object> aDict)
    {
        Type[] p1 = aDict["SomeProperty1"] as Type[];
        double[] p2 = aDict["SomeProperty2"] as double[];
        string[] p3 = aDict["SomeProperty3"] as string[];

        Infos = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute[p1.Length];
        for (int i = 0; i < Infos.Length; i++)
            Infos[i] = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(p1[i], p2[i], p3[i]);
    }
}

尝试使用导入的方法如下所示：

public interface IMyInterface
{
}

public interface IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    Type SomeProperty1 { get; }
    double SomeProperty2 { get; }
    string SomeProperty3 { get; }
}

[MetadataAttribute]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class ExportMyInterfaceAttribute : ExportAttribute, IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    public ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(Type someProperty1, double someProperty2, string someProperty3)
        : base(typeof(IMyInterface))
    {
        SomeProperty1 = someProperty1;
        SomeProperty2 = someProperty2;
        SomeProperty3 = someProperty3;
    }

    public Type SomeProperty1 { get; set; }
    public double SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
    public string SomeProperty3 { get; set; }
}

[ExportMyInterface(typeof(string), 0.1, "whoo data!")]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(int), 0.4, "asdfasdf!!")]
public class DecoratedClass : IMyInterface
{
}

private void SomeFunction()
{
    // CompositionContainer is an instance of CompositionContainer
    var myExports = CompositionContainer.GetExports<IMyInterface, IMyInterfaceInfo>();
}

public class MyInterfaceInfoView
{
    public IMyInterfaceInfo[] Infos { get; set; }

    public MyInterfaceInfoView(IDictionary<string, object> aDict)
    {
        Type[] p1 = aDict["SomeProperty1"] as Type[];
        double[] p2 = aDict["SomeProperty2"] as double[];
        string[] p3 = aDict["SomeProperty3"] as string[];

        Infos = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute[p1.Length];
        for (int i = 0; i < Infos.Length; i++)
            Infos[i] = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(p1[i], p2[i], p3[i]);
    }
}

---

知道为什么吗？

众所周知，MEF在处理

AllowMultiple=true

时存在一些问题。例如，为了获得完整的解释，您可以查看，不管怎样，它源自这样一个事实：当AllowMultiple为true时，元数据保存在一个字典中，其中的值是数组，而这样的东西不能映射到IMyInterfaceInfo上

这是我使用的解决方法。首先，属性应派生自属性，而不是导出属性：

[MetadataAttribute]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class ExportMyInterfaceAttribute : Attribute, IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    public ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(Type someProperty1, double someProperty2, string someProperty3)

    {
        SomeProperty1 = someProperty1;
        SomeProperty2 = someProperty2;
        SomeProperty3 = someProperty3;
    }

    public Type SomeProperty1 { get; set; }
    public double SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
    public string SomeProperty3 { get; set; }
}

这意味着导出的类应该有3个属性，一个标准导出和自定义属性：

[Export(typeof(IMyInterface))]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(string), 0.1, "whoo data!")]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(int), 0.4, "asdfasdf!!")]
public class DecoratedClass : IMyInterface

然后，您必须为将要导入的元数据定义一个视图。这必须有一个以IDictionary为参数的构造函数。大概是这样的：

public interface IMyInterface
{
}

public interface IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    Type SomeProperty1 { get; }
    double SomeProperty2 { get; }
    string SomeProperty3 { get; }
}

[MetadataAttribute]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class ExportMyInterfaceAttribute : ExportAttribute, IMyInterfaceInfo
{
    public ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(Type someProperty1, double someProperty2, string someProperty3)
        : base(typeof(IMyInterface))
    {
        SomeProperty1 = someProperty1;
        SomeProperty2 = someProperty2;
        SomeProperty3 = someProperty3;
    }

    public Type SomeProperty1 { get; set; }
    public double SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
    public string SomeProperty3 { get; set; }
}

[ExportMyInterface(typeof(string), 0.1, "whoo data!")]
[ExportMyInterface(typeof(int), 0.4, "asdfasdf!!")]
public class DecoratedClass : IMyInterface
{
}

private void SomeFunction()
{
    // CompositionContainer is an instance of CompositionContainer
    var myExports = CompositionContainer.GetExports<IMyInterface, IMyInterfaceInfo>();
}

public class MyInterfaceInfoView
{
    public IMyInterfaceInfo[] Infos { get; set; }

    public MyInterfaceInfoView(IDictionary<string, object> aDict)
    {
        Type[] p1 = aDict["SomeProperty1"] as Type[];
        double[] p2 = aDict["SomeProperty2"] as double[];
        string[] p3 = aDict["SomeProperty3"] as string[];

        Infos = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute[p1.Length];
        for (int i = 0; i < Infos.Length; i++)
            Infos[i] = new ExportMyInterfaceAttribute(p1[i], p2[i], p3[i]);
    }
}

公共类MyInterfaceInfo视图
{
公共IMyInterfaceInfo[]Infos{get；set；}
公共MyInterface信息视图（IDictionary aDict）
{
类型[]p1=类型[]的aDict[“SomeProperty1”]；
double[]p2=将[SomeProperty2]作为double[]；
字符串[]p3=作为字符串[]的aDict[“SomeProperty3”]；
Infos=新的ExportMyInterfaceAttribute[p1.长度]；
for（int i=0；i

现在您应该能够成功地调用

var myExports = CompositionContainer.GetExports<IMyInterface, MyInterfaceInfoView>();

var myExports=CompositionContainer.GetExports（）；

是的，这就是我在读了以下文章后所做的：我昨天本来打算发布这篇文章，但在我完成之前就被卷入了其他事情中，所以请欣赏你的观点！无需使类继承自

属性

，而不是

导出属性

。

MetadataAttributeAttribute

的要点是简洁明了；-）。只需使用自定义元数据视图并手动处理数组就可以了。从文档中不明显看出，

AllowMultiple

导致元数据条目变成数组，这太奇怪了…