C# 如何在窗体应用程序中显示控制台输出/窗口?
要立即陷入困境,有一个非常基本的例子:C# 如何在窗体应用程序中显示控制台输出/窗口?,c#,winforms,compilation,console-application,C#,Winforms,Compilation,Console Application,要立即陷入困境,有一个非常基本的例子: using System; using System.Windows.Forms; class test { static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("test"); MessageBox.Show("test"); } } 如果我使用默认选项(在命令行中使用csc)编译它,正如预期的那样,它将编译为控制台应用程序。另外,由于我导入了System.Wind
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
class test
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("test");
MessageBox.Show("test");
}
}
如果我使用默认选项(在命令行中使用csc)编译它,正如预期的那样,它将编译为控制台应用程序。另外,由于我导入了System.Windows.Forms
,它还将显示一个消息框
现在,如果我使用选项/target:winexe
,我认为这与从项目选项中选择Windows应用程序
相同,正如预期的那样,我只会看到消息框,而不会看到控制台输出
(事实上,从命令行启动它的那一刻起,我就可以在应用程序完成之前发出下一个命令)
因此,我的问题是-我知道您可以从控制台应用程序中输出“windows”/“forms”,但是否仍然可以从windows应用程序中显示控制台?您可以使用pinvoke调用
AttachConsole
以获取连接到WinForms项目的控制台窗口:
您可能还需要考虑Log4NET:()用于配置不同配置中的日志输出。
< P>应该工作。using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AllocConsole();
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool AllocConsole();
如果您不担心在命令上打开控制台,那么可以进入项目的属性并将其更改为console应用程序 这仍然会显示您的表单,并弹出一个控制台窗口。您无法关闭console窗口,但它可以作为调试的优秀临时记录器
请记住在部署程序之前将其关闭。这里基本上有两种情况 控制台输出 winforms程序可以将自身附加到创建它的控制台窗口(或者附加到其他控制台窗口,或者如果需要,附加到新的控制台窗口)。一旦连接到console窗口console.WriteLine()等,它就会按预期工作。这种方法的一个缺陷是,程序立即将控制返回控制台窗口,然后继续写入,因此用户也可以在控制台窗口中输入。我认为可以使用start with/wait参数来处理这个问题 重定向控制台输出 这是指有人将您程序的输出传输到其他地方,例如 yourapp>file.txt 在这种情况下,连接到控制台窗口实际上会忽略管道。要实现这一点,可以调用Console.OpenStandardOutput()来获取输出应该通过管道传输到的流的句柄。这仅在输出通过管道传输时有效,因此如果要处理这两种情况,则需要打开标准输出并写入,然后附加到控制台窗口。这确实意味着输出被发送到控制台窗口和管道,但这是我能找到的最佳解决方案。下面是我用来做这件事的代码
// This always writes to the parent console window and also to a redirected stdout if there is one.
// It would be better to do the relevant thing (eg write to the redirected file if there is one, otherwise
// write to the console) but it doesn't seem possible.
public class GUIConsoleWriter : IConsoleWriter
{
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool AttachConsole(int dwProcessId);
private const int ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS = -1;
StreamWriter _stdOutWriter;
// this must be called early in the program
public GUIConsoleWriter()
{
// this needs to happen before attachconsole.
// If the output is not redirected we still get a valid stream but it doesn't appear to write anywhere
// I guess it probably does write somewhere, but nowhere I can find out about
var stdout = Console.OpenStandardOutput();
_stdOutWriter = new StreamWriter(stdout);
_stdOutWriter.AutoFlush = true;
AttachConsole(ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS);
}
public void WriteLine(string line)
{
_stdOutWriter.WriteLine(line);
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
}
这对我来说很有效,将输出通过管道传输到一个文件。 使用以下命令调用控制台: cmd/c“c:\path\to\your\application.exe”>myfile.txt 将此代码添加到应用程序中
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern bool AttachConsole(UInt32 dwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetFileInformationByHandle(
SafeFileHandle hFile,
out BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION lpFileInformation
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern SafeFileHandle GetStdHandle(UInt32 nStdHandle);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetStdHandle(UInt32 nStdHandle, SafeFileHandle hHandle);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool DuplicateHandle(
IntPtr hSourceProcessHandle,
SafeFileHandle hSourceHandle,
IntPtr hTargetProcessHandle,
out SafeFileHandle lpTargetHandle,
UInt32 dwDesiredAccess,
Boolean bInheritHandle,
UInt32 dwOptions
);
private const UInt32 ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS = 0xFFFFFFFF;
private const UInt32 STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = 0xFFFFFFF5;
private const UInt32 STD_ERROR_HANDLE = 0xFFFFFFF4;
private const UInt32 DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS = 2;
struct BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION
{
public UInt32 FileAttributes;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME CreationTime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME LastAccessTime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME LastWriteTime;
public UInt32 VolumeSerialNumber;
public UInt32 FileSizeHigh;
public UInt32 FileSizeLow;
public UInt32 NumberOfLinks;
public UInt32 FileIndexHigh;
public UInt32 FileIndexLow;
}
static void InitConsoleHandles()
{
SafeFileHandle hStdOut, hStdErr, hStdOutDup, hStdErrDup;
BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION bhfi;
hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
hStdErr = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
// Get current process handle
IntPtr hProcess = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle;
// Duplicate Stdout handle to save initial value
DuplicateHandle(hProcess, hStdOut, hProcess, out hStdOutDup,
0, true, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS);
// Duplicate Stderr handle to save initial value
DuplicateHandle(hProcess, hStdErr, hProcess, out hStdErrDup,
0, true, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS);
// Attach to console window – this may modify the standard handles
AttachConsole(ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS);
// Adjust the standard handles
if (GetFileInformationByHandle(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), out bhfi))
{
SetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, hStdOutDup);
}
else
{
SetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, hStdOut);
}
if (GetFileInformationByHandle(GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE), out bhfi))
{
SetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE, hStdErrDup);
}
else
{
SetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE, hStdErr);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// initialize console handles
InitConsoleHandles();
if (args.Length != 0)
{
if (args[0].Equals("waitfordebugger"))
{
MessageBox.Show("Attach the debugger now");
}
if (args[0].Equals("version"))
{
#if DEBUG
String typeOfBuild = "d";
#else
String typeOfBuild = "r";
#endif
String output = typeOfBuild + Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()
.GetName().Version.ToString();
//Just for the fun of it
Console.Write(output);
Console.Beep(4000, 100);
Console.Beep(2000, 100);
Console.Beep(1000, 100);
Console.Beep(8000, 100);
return;
}
}
}
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
静态外部布尔附件控制台(UInt32 dwProcessId);
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
私有静态外部bool GetFileInformationByHandle(
安全文件句柄,
out BY\处理\文件\信息lpFileInformation
);
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
私有静态外部安全文件句柄GetStdHandle(UInt32-nStdHandle);
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
专用静态外部bool SetStdHandle(UInt32 nStdHandle、SafeFileHandle hHandle);
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
私有静态外部布尔重复句柄(
IntPtr hSourceProcessHandle,
安全文件句柄hSourceHandle,
IntPtr HTargetProcess句柄,
out SafeFileHandle lpTargetHandle,
UInt32 DWD期望访问,
布尔二进制句柄,
UInt32 DWO选项
);
私有const UInt32连接父进程=0xFFFFFFFF;
私有常量UInt32标准输出句柄=0xFFFFF5;
私有const UInt32标准错误句柄=0xFFFFF4;
私人建筑32重复\u相同\u访问=2;
struct BY\u HANDLE\u FILE\u信息
{
公共UInt32文件属性;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME CreationTime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME LastAccessTime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME LastWriteTime;
公共UInt32卷序号;
公共UInt32文件大小高;
公开UInt32文件;
公共UInt32个链接;
公共UInt32文件索引高;
公共UInt32 FileIndexLow;
}
静态void InitConsoleHandles()
{
安全文件句柄hStdOut、hStdErr、hStdOutDup、hStdErrDup;
由bhfi处理文件信息;
hStdOut=GetStdHandle(标准输出句柄);
hStdErr=GetStdHandle(标准错误句柄);
//获取当前进程句柄
IntPtr hProcess=Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle;
//复制标准输出句柄以保存初始值
重复句柄(hProcess、hStdOut、hProcess、out-hStdOutDup、,
0,为真,重复(相同访问);
//复制Stderr句柄以保存初始值
DuplicateHandle(hProcess、hStdErr、hProcess、out-hStdErrDup、,
0,为真,重复(相同访问);
//附加到控制台窗口–这可能会修改标准手柄
附加控制台(附加父进程);
//调整标准手柄
if(GetFileInformationByHandle(GetStdHandle(标准输出句柄),输出bhfi))
{
设置TDHandle(标准输出句柄,hStdOutDup);
}
其他的
{
设置TDHandle(标准输出句柄,hStdOut);
}
if(GetFileInformationByHandle(GetStdHandle(标准错误句柄),输出bhfi))
{
设置TDHandle(标准错误句柄,hStdErrDup);
}
其他的
{
设置TDHandle(标准错误句柄,hStdErr);
}
}
///
///主要的入口点
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace SomeProject
{
class GuiRedirect
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool AttachConsole(int dwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern IntPtr GetStdHandle(StandardHandle nStdHandle);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool SetStdHandle(StandardHandle nStdHandle, IntPtr handle);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern FileType GetFileType(IntPtr handle);
private enum StandardHandle : uint
{
Input = unchecked((uint)-10),
Output = unchecked((uint)-11),
Error = unchecked((uint)-12)
}
private enum FileType : uint
{
Unknown = 0x0000,
Disk = 0x0001,
Char = 0x0002,
Pipe = 0x0003
}
private static bool IsRedirected(IntPtr handle)
{
FileType fileType = GetFileType(handle);
return (fileType == FileType.Disk) || (fileType == FileType.Pipe);
}
public static void Redirect()
{
if (IsRedirected(GetStdHandle(StandardHandle.Output)))
{
var initialiseOut = Console.Out;
}
bool errorRedirected = IsRedirected(GetStdHandle(StandardHandle.Error));
if (errorRedirected)
{
var initialiseError = Console.Error;
}
AttachConsole(-1);
if (!errorRedirected)
SetStdHandle(StandardHandle.Error, GetStdHandle(StandardHandle.Output));
}
}
//From your application set the Console to write to your RichTextkBox
//object:
Console.SetOut(new RichTextBoxWriter(yourRichTextBox));
//To ensure that your RichTextBox object is scrolled down when its text is
//changed add this event:
private void yourRichTextBox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
yourRichTextBox.SelectionStart = yourRichTextBox.Text.Length;
yourRichTextBox.ScrollToCaret();
}
public delegate void StringArgReturningVoidDelegate(string text);
public class RichTextBoxWriter : TextWriter
{
private readonly RichTextBox _richTextBox;
public RichTextBoxWriter(RichTextBox richTexttbox)
{
_richTextBox = richTexttbox;
}
public override void Write(char value)
{
SetText(value.ToString());
}
public override void Write(string value)
{
SetText(value);
}
public override void WriteLine(char value)
{
SetText(value + Environment.NewLine);
}
public override void WriteLine(string value)
{
SetText(value + Environment.NewLine);
}
public override Encoding Encoding => Encoding.ASCII;
//Write to your UI object in thread safe way:
private void SetText(string text)
{
// InvokeRequired required compares the thread ID of the
// calling thread to the thread ID of the creating thread.
// If these threads are different, it returns true.
if (_richTextBox.InvokeRequired)
{
var d = new StringArgReturningVoidDelegate(SetText);
_richTextBox.Invoke(d, text);
}
else
{
_richTextBox.Text += text;
}
}
}
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows10.0.17763.0</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
<DisableWinExeOutputInference>true</DisableWinExeOutputInference>
<Platforms>AnyCPU;x64;x86</Platforms>
</PropertyGroup>