C# 无法正确实现WPF MVVM

使用ArcGIS Runtime.NETSDK10.2.7和MVVM模式，我得到了

“System.NullReferenceException”

。在

ViewModel

构造函数中：

this.mapView.Map.Layers.Add(localTiledLayer);

我做错了什么

我得到的是：

1-

ViewModel.cs

public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{ 
    private Model myModel = null;
    private MapView mapView = null;
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    public ViewModel()
    {
        var URI = "D:/GIS/Runtime/Tutorial/VanSchools.tpk";
        ArcGISLocalTiledLayer localTiledLayer = new ArcGISLocalTiledLayer(URI);
        localTiledLayer.ID = "SF Basemap";
        localTiledLayer.InitializeAsync();

        this.mapView.Map.Layers.Add(localTiledLayer);

    }
    public string TilePackage
    {
        get { return this.myModel.TilePackage; }
        set
        {
            this.myModel.TilePackage = value;

        }
    }

public class Model
{
    private string tilePackage = "";

    public Model() { }

    public string TilePackage
    {
        get { return this.tilePackage; }
        set
        {
            if (value != this.tilePackage)
            {
                this.tilePackage = value;
            }
        }
    }

  public partial class MainWindow : Window
        {
            public MainWindow()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }

            private void MyMapView_LayerLoaded(object sender, LayerLoadedEventArgs e)
            {
                if (e.LoadError == null)
                    return;

                Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Error while loading layer : {0} - {1}", e.Layer.ID, e.LoadError.Message));
            }

        }

2-

Model.cs

public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{ 
    private Model myModel = null;
    private MapView mapView = null;
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    public ViewModel()
    {
        var URI = "D:/GIS/Runtime/Tutorial/VanSchools.tpk";
        ArcGISLocalTiledLayer localTiledLayer = new ArcGISLocalTiledLayer(URI);
        localTiledLayer.ID = "SF Basemap";
        localTiledLayer.InitializeAsync();

        this.mapView.Map.Layers.Add(localTiledLayer);

    }
    public string TilePackage
    {
        get { return this.myModel.TilePackage; }
        set
        {
            this.myModel.TilePackage = value;

        }
    }

public class Model
{
    private string tilePackage = "";

    public Model() { }

    public string TilePackage
    {
        get { return this.tilePackage; }
        set
        {
            if (value != this.tilePackage)
            {
                this.tilePackage = value;
            }
        }
    }

  public partial class MainWindow : Window
        {
            public MainWindow()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }

            private void MyMapView_LayerLoaded(object sender, LayerLoadedEventArgs e)
            {
                if (e.LoadError == null)
                    return;

                Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Error while loading layer : {0} - {1}", e.Layer.ID, e.LoadError.Message));
            }

        }

3-

MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="SimpleMVVM.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/runtime/2013"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SimpleMVVM"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">

        <Window.Resources>
            <local:ViewModel x:Key="VM"/>
        </Window.Resources>

        <Grid DataContext="{StaticResource VM}">
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition Height="400" />
                <RowDefinition Height="200" />
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>

            <esri:MapView x:Name="MyMapView" Grid.Row="0"
                      LayerLoaded="MyMapView_LayerLoaded" >
                <esri:Map>  </esri:Map>
            </esri:MapView>

        </Grid>
</Window>

---

问题似乎在于

mapView

未设置为对象的实例。你需要说些什么吗

this.mapView = new Mapview();
this.mapView.Map.Layers.Add(localTiledLayer);

---

问题似乎在于

mapView

尚未设置为对象的实例。你需要说些什么吗

this.mapView = new Mapview();
this.mapView.Map.Layers.Add(localTiledLayer);

---

看起来您没有连接到绑定，但一般来说，您不应该从ViewModel中引用MapView，而应该绑定MapView.Map<代码>地图被视为定义地图视图外观的模型

在您的视图中，确保您具有绑定设置

<Window.Resources>
    <vm:MainViewModel x:Key="vm"></vm:MainViewModel>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid DataContext="{StaticResource vm}">
    <esri:MapView x:Name="MyMapView"
                  Map="{Binding Map}"
                  LayerLoaded="MyMapView_LayerLoaded">
    </esri:MapView>
</Grid>

---

看起来您没有连接到绑定，但一般来说，您不应该从ViewModel中引用MapView，而应该绑定MapView.Map<代码>地图被视为定义地图视图外观的模型

在您的视图中，确保您具有绑定设置

<Window.Resources>
    <vm:MainViewModel x:Key="vm"></vm:MainViewModel>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid DataContext="{StaticResource vm}">
    <esri:MapView x:Name="MyMapView"
                  Map="{Binding Map}"
                  LayerLoaded="MyMapView_LayerLoaded">
    </esri:MapView>
</Grid>

---

视图模型不应包含对mapView（或任何其他视觉元素）的任何引用。这打破了MVVM模式。取而代之的是，您的viewmodel应该只包含贴图，并将贴图绑定到XAML中viewmodel的map属性。更新：刚刚意识到这正是安蒂在下面写的。这是mvvm的“正确”方法。视图模型不应包含对mapView（或任何其他可视元素）的任何引用。这打破了MVVM模式。取而代之的是，您的viewmodel应该只包含贴图，并将贴图绑定到XAML中viewmodel的map属性。更新：刚刚意识到这正是安蒂在下面写的。这是mvvm的“正确”方法