C# 尝试使用ASP.NET和C将csv和xls文件导入SQL数据库#

我是一名学生，对编程非常陌生，我被指派使用ASP.NET和C#来完成一项任务，而没有人教我。计划是学会自学

我一直在做的一项任务是将网站从CSV或XLS文件导入到一个SQL数据库，该数据库记录了去年校园内的客房预订情况

虽然我通过以下教程学到了一些东西，但我一直在寻找一种方法，通过编程c#将csv文件（用于分隔条目的分隔符为逗号“，”）和xls文件“读取”到使用Microsoft SQL数据库的表中

因此，我所做的是，在下载Visual Studio并开始使用asp.net的webforms之后，我首先在.aspx表单上创建一个按钮，在单击时触发导入：

 <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Import_button_Click"/>

及

使其读取CSV文件。同时，我创建了一个类，将CSV文件的每个条目存储为变量：

 [DelimitedRecord(",")]
    public class CSVfile  //CSVfile class being defined
    {
        public int Request_ID;
        public int Priority;
        public int Module_ID;
        public string Day;
        public string Start_Time;
        public int Length;
        public string Park;
        public int Students;
        public string Room_Code;
        public string Status;
        public int Semester_ID;
        public int Linked_Request;
      public int Week_1;
        public int Week_2;
        public int Week_3;
        public int Week_4;
        public int Week_5;
        public int Week_6;
        public int Week_7;
        public int Week_8;
        public int Week_9;
        public int Week_10;
        public int Week_11;
        public int Week_12;
        public int Week_13;
        public int Week_14;
        public int Week_15;

}

在那之后，就在它读取previousyear.csv的下面，我做了一个循环，它将获取每个条目，并将其放入正确的变量：

 DataTable table = new DataTable();
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
       table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int)); 
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
        table.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));

foreach（结果中的CSVfile行） { Console.WriteLine（row.Request\u ID+“”+row.Priority）

但问题是，我不能让它在任何地方输出结果，甚至不能使用gridview

而且，在其他添加了库的计算机上运行它也很麻烦

今天，我的一位队友给了我一段SQL代码，我应该用它将变量放入数据库，如下所示：

更新3：

好的，修复了这段代码。只需将所有代码放在同一行。 现在，我尝试构建应用程序时只有一个错误：

错误3找不到类型或命名空间名称“SqlCommand”（是否缺少using指令或程序集引用？）

因此，SqlCommand无法识别。是否需要添加引用或其他内容才能识别它？ SqlConnection也是如此

更新4

这是我现在正在使用的代码，因为我使它在VisualStudio中工作

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ImportPage
{

    public class CSVFile
    {

        public int Request_ID { get; set; }
        public int Priority { get; set; }
        public int Module_ID { get; set; }
        //...

    }




    public class CSV
    {
        public string GetConnectionString()
        { return System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["team03ConnectionString"].ConnectionString; }


        protected void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            List<CSVFile> entries = new List<CSVFile>();

            using (TextFieldParser parser = new TextFieldParser(@"PreviousYear.csv"))
            {

                parser.TextFieldType = FieldType.Delimited;
                parser.Delimiters = new string[] { "," };
                string[] fields;

                while (!parser.EndOfData)
                {
                    fields = parser.ReadFields();
                    entries.Add(new CSVFile()
                    {
                        Request_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[0]),
                        Priority = Convert.ToInt32(fields[1]),
                        Module_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[2])
                        //...

                    });
                }

            }


        using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionString()))
{


    string sql = "Insert INTO Requests (Priority, Module_ID) OUTPUT INSERTED.Request_ID VALUES (@Priority, @Module_ID)";

    try
    {

        conn.Open();

        foreach (CSVFile entry in entries)
        {

            using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn))
            {

                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Priority", entry.Priority);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Module_ID", entry.Module_ID);

                // ...
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
        }
    }
    catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex)
    {
        string msg = "Insert Error:";
        msg += ex.Message;
        throw new Exception(msg);
    }
    catch (FormatException ee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('Please enter a valid value');</SCRIPT>");
    }
    catch (System.Exception eeee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('System Exception');</SCRIPT>");

    }
}


}










}


        }

使用系统；
使用System.Collections.Generic；
使用System.Linq；
使用System.Web；
使用System.Web.UI；
使用System.Web.UI.WebControl；
使用Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO；
使用System.Data.SqlClient；
名称空间导入页
{
公共类CSVFile
{
公共int请求_ID{get；set；}
公共int优先级{get；set；}
公共int模块_ID{get；set；}
//...
}
公共类CSV
{
公共字符串GetConnectionString（）
{返回System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionString[“team03ConnectionString”].ConnectionString；}
受保护的无效按钮1\u单击（对象发送者，事件参数e）
{
列表条目=新列表（）；
使用（TextFieldParser=newtextfieldparser（@“PreviousYear.csv”））
{
parser.TextFieldType=FieldType.Delimited；
paraser.Delimiters=新字符串[]{“，”}；
字符串[]字段；
而（！parser.EndOfData）
{
fields=parser.ReadFields（）；
entries.Add（新的CSVFile（）
{
请求\u ID=Convert.ToInt32（字段[0]），
优先级=转换为32（字段[1]），
Module_ID=Convert.ToInt32（字段[2]）
//...
});
}
}
使用（SqlConnection conn=newsqlconnection（GetConnectionString（）））
{
string sql=“Insert-INTO-Requests（Priority，Module_-ID）输出INSERTED.Request_-ID值（@Priority，@Module_-ID）”；
尝试
{
conn.Open（）；
foreach（条目中的CSVFile条目）
{
使用（SqlCommand cmd=newsqlcommand（sql，conn））
{
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue（“@Priority”，entry.Priority）；
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue（“@Module\u ID”，entry.Module\u ID）；
// ...
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery（）；
}
}
}
catch（System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex）
{
string msg=“插入错误：”；
msg+=例如消息；
抛出新异常（msg）；
}
捕获（格式化对象异常）
{
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write（“警报（'请输入有效值'）；”）；
}
捕获（System.Exception eeee）
{
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write（“警报（‘系统异常’）；”）；
}
}
}
}
}

您需要使用csv文件中的相同字段创建一个表，例如，您的csv文件具有id、名字、姓氏、出生日期

文件的位置是C:\csvtest.txt

詹姆斯·史密斯，19750101

2，麦琪，史密斯，19790122

罗伯特·史密斯，20071101

亚历克斯·史密斯，20040202

CREATE TABLE tablename
(ID INT,
FirstName VARCHAR(40),
LastName VARCHAR(40),
BirthDate SMALLDATETIME)
GO

创建表后，可以通过以下命令在此表中插入csv数据。 您需要向您的csv文件位置传递消息

BULK
INSERT tablename
FROM 'c:\csvtest.txt'
WITH
(
FIELDTERMINATOR = ',',
ROWTERMINATOR = '\n'
)
GO

---

在.NET framework中有一个鲜为人知但令人惊讶的有用的文件解析器（尽管它的名称不同，但它可以在C#中使用）

首先，我将在您的

CSVFile

类中实现自动属性，而不是在公共字段中：

public class CSVFile
{

    public int Request_ID { get; set; }
    public int Priority { get; set; }
    public int Module_ID { get; set; }
    public string Day { get; set; }
    public string Start_Time { get; set; }
    // and so on
}

接下来，我将构建一个包含

CSVFile

实例的

列表（通用列表），用CSV文件中的数据填充每个实例（使用
TextFieldParser
）。您需要添加对
Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO
和
using
指令的引用

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;

List<CSVFile> entries = new List<CSVFile>();

using (TextFieldParser parser = new TextFieldParser(@"C:\CSVDATA\PreviousYear.csv"))
{

    parser.TextFieldType = FieldType.Delimited;
    parser.Delimiters = new string[]{','};
    string[] fields;

    while (!parser.EndOfData)
    {
        fields = parser.ReadFields();
        entries.Add(new CSVFile() { Request_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[0]), 
                                    Priority = Convert.ToInt32(fields[1]),
                                    Module_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[2]),
                                    Day = fields[3],
                                    Start_Time = fiedls[4],
                                    // and the rest of the properties, casting as needed
                                   };
    }
}

从您的问题中不清楚您是使用所有条目更新表，还是仅使用选定的条目更新表。让我们假设（为了本例的目的）它是所有条目。您的队友已经为您提供了所需的内容-将其放入循环中，您可以将CSV文件中的所有数据输入SQL数据库，如t
<!DOCTYPE html>
<script runat="server">

    Protected Sub Import_button_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

    End Sub

    Protected Sub Page_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

    End Sub
</script>
<html lang="en">

  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">

    <title>Timetabling Support Website</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <!-- Loading Bootstrap -->
    <link href="css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- Loading Flat UI -->
    <link href="css/flat-ui.css" rel="stylesheet">

     <!-- Loading Unsemantic -->
    <link href="css/unsemantic-grid-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet"> 

    <!-- Loading Personalized Style -->
    <link href="css/style.css" rel="stylesheet"> 
    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico">  


    <!-- HTML5 shim, for IE6-8 support of HTML5 elements. All other JS at the end of file. -->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
      <script src="js/html5shiv.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
  </head>

  <body>
      <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div class="grid-container">

      <div class="header grid-100">
        <div class="banner grid-70">
          <img src="images/banner3.png" id="banner" alt="Loughborough Uni Logo" />
        </div>
        <div class="logout grid-30">
          <p id="logout"> Welcome, Computer Science Timetabler. | <a href="index.html">Logout</a></p>
        </div>
      </div>


      <div class="navbar navbar-inverse">
          <div class="navbar-inner">
            <ul class="nav">
              <li>
                <a href="home.html">
                  Home
                </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                <a href="#">
                  Requests
                </a>
                <ul>
                  <li>
                    <a href="request_new.html">New Request</a>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                    <a href="request_import.html">Import Requests</a>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                    <a href="request_current.html">Current Requests</a>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                    <a href="request_adhoc.html">Ad-Hoc Request</a>
                  </li>
                </ul> <!-- /Sub menu -->
              </li>
              <li>
                <a href="room_availability.html">
                  Room Availability
                </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                <a href="#">
                  History
                </a>
                <ul>
                  <li>
                    <a href="#">Semester 1</a>
                    <ul>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history_s1priority.html">Priority Round</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history_s1round1.html">Round 1</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history_current.html">Round 2</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history.html">Final Allocations</a>
                      </li>
                    </ul> <!-- /Sub menu -->
                  </li>
                  <li>
                    <a href="#">Semester 2</a>
                    <ul>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history.html">Priority Round</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history.html">Round 1</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history.html">Round 2</a>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                        <a href="history.html">Final Allocations</a>
                      </li>
                    </ul> <!-- /Sub menu -->
                  </li>
                </ul> <!-- /Sub menu -->
              </li>
              <li>
                <a href="#">
                  Maintenance
                </a>
                <ul>
                  <li>
                    <a href="module_add.html">Add Module</a>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                    <a href="module_edit.html">Edit Module</a>
                  </li>
                </ul> <!-- /Sub menu -->
              </li>
              <li>
                <a href="help.html">
                  Help
                </a>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
      </div>

      <div class="content center">
          <h1>Import Request
          </h1>
         <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Import_button_Click"/>
          <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server">


          </asp:GridView>

           </div>

         <div class="grid-100 footer">
        <p>Copyright © 2013 Team 3 Timetabling Support Website</p> 
      </div>

    </div> <!-- /container -->


      <asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server"></asp:SqlDataSource>
    <!-- Load JS here for greater good =============================-->
    <script src="js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
    <script src="js/jquery-ui-1.10.0.custom.min.js"></script>
    <script src="js/jquery.dropkick-1.0.0.js"></script>
    <script src="js/custom_checkbox_and_radio.js"></script>
    <script src="js/custom_radio.js"></script>
    <script src="js/jquery.tagsinput.js"></script>
    <script src="js/bootstrap-tooltip.js"></script>
    <script src="js/jquery.placeholder.js"></script>
    <script src="http://vjs.zencdn.net/c/video.js"></script>
    <script src="js/application.js"></script>
    <!--[if lt IE 8]>
      <script src="js/icon-font-ie7.js"></script>
      <script src="js/icon-font-ie7-24.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
      </form>
  </body>
</html>

 string sql = "Insert INTO Requests (Priority); 
                   OUTPUT INSERTED.Request_ID 
                   VALUES (@Priority)";

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ImportPage
{

    public class CSVFile
    {

        public int Request_ID { get; set; }
        public int Priority { get; set; }
        public int Module_ID { get; set; }
        //...

    }




    public class CSV
    {
        public string GetConnectionString()
        { return System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["team03ConnectionString"].ConnectionString; }


        protected void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            List<CSVFile> entries = new List<CSVFile>();

            using (TextFieldParser parser = new TextFieldParser(@"PreviousYear.csv"))
            {

                parser.TextFieldType = FieldType.Delimited;
                parser.Delimiters = new string[] { "," };
                string[] fields;

                while (!parser.EndOfData)
                {
                    fields = parser.ReadFields();
                    entries.Add(new CSVFile()
                    {
                        Request_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[0]),
                        Priority = Convert.ToInt32(fields[1]),
                        Module_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[2])
                        //...

                    });
                }

            }


        using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionString()))
{


    string sql = "Insert INTO Requests (Priority, Module_ID) OUTPUT INSERTED.Request_ID VALUES (@Priority, @Module_ID)";

    try
    {

        conn.Open();

        foreach (CSVFile entry in entries)
        {

            using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn))
            {

                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Priority", entry.Priority);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Module_ID", entry.Module_ID);

                // ...
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
        }
    }
    catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex)
    {
        string msg = "Insert Error:";
        msg += ex.Message;
        throw new Exception(msg);
    }
    catch (FormatException ee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('Please enter a valid value');</SCRIPT>");
    }
    catch (System.Exception eeee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('System Exception');</SCRIPT>");

    }
}


}










}


        }

CREATE TABLE tablename
(ID INT,
FirstName VARCHAR(40),
LastName VARCHAR(40),
BirthDate SMALLDATETIME)
GO

BULK
INSERT tablename
FROM 'c:\csvtest.txt'
WITH
(
FIELDTERMINATOR = ',',
ROWTERMINATOR = '\n'
)
GO

public class CSVFile
{

    public int Request_ID { get; set; }
    public int Priority { get; set; }
    public int Module_ID { get; set; }
    public string Day { get; set; }
    public string Start_Time { get; set; }
    // and so on
}

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;

List<CSVFile> entries = new List<CSVFile>();

using (TextFieldParser parser = new TextFieldParser(@"C:\CSVDATA\PreviousYear.csv"))
{

    parser.TextFieldType = FieldType.Delimited;
    parser.Delimiters = new string[]{','};
    string[] fields;

    while (!parser.EndOfData)
    {
        fields = parser.ReadFields();
        entries.Add(new CSVFile() { Request_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[0]), 
                                    Priority = Convert.ToInt32(fields[1]),
                                    Module_ID = Convert.ToInt32(fields[2]),
                                    Day = fields[3],
                                    Start_Time = fiedls[4],
                                    // and the rest of the properties, casting as needed
                                   };
    }
}

GridView1.DataSource = entries;
GridView1.DataBind();

// It's considered best practice to use a `using` block with `SqlConnection`
// (among other objects). The `using` block ensures the connection is properly
// disposed of once execution leaves the block.
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionString()))
{

    // I'm breaking into individual lines here simply 
    // so it's easier to read on SO
    string sql = "Insert INTO Requests (Priority, Module_ID, Day, 
                                        Start_Time, Length, Park, 
                                        Students, Room_Code, Status,
                                        Room_Allocated, Semester_ID,
                                        Week_1, Week_2, Week_3, Week_4,
                                        Week_5, Week_6, Week_7, Week_8,
                                        Week_9, Week_10, Week_11, Week_12,
                                        Week_13, Week_14, Week_15) 
                   OUTPUT INSERTED.Request_ID 
                   VALUES (@Priority, @Module_ID, @Day, @Start_Time, 
                           @Length, @Park, @Students, @Room_Code,
                           @Status, @Room_Allocated, @Semester_ID, 
                           @Week_1, @Week_2, @Week_3, @Week_4, @Week_5, 
                           @Week_6, @Week_7, @Week_8, @Week_9, @Week_10, 
                           @Week_11, @Week_12, @Week_13, @Week_14, @Week_15)";

    try
    {

        conn.Open();

        foreach (CSVFile entry in entries)
        {

            using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn))
            {

                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Priority", entry.Priority);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Module_ID", entry.Module_ID);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Day", entry.Day);
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Start_Time", entry.Start_Time);
                // And so on

                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
        }
    }
    catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex)
    {
        string msg = "Insert Error:";
        msg += ex.Message;
        throw new Exception(msg);
    }
    catch (FormatException ee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('Please enter a valid value');</SCRIPT>");
    }
    catch (System.Exception eeee)
    {
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>alert('System Exception');</SCRIPT>");

    }
} // Since we're in a `using` block, there is no need for the `finally` block 
  // close the connection.