C# 如何列出本地计算机上安装的SQL Server实例？（仅限本地）_C#_Sql Server

C# 如何列出本地计算机上安装的SQL Server实例？（仅限本地）

c# sql-server

C# 如何列出本地计算机上安装的SQL Server实例？（仅限本地）,c#,sql-server,C#,Sql Server,我想知道是否有办法列出本地计算机上安装的SQL Server实例 SqlDataSourceEnumerator和EnumAvailableSqlServers不需要使用本地网络上的实例，因此不需要使用此技巧。您可以使用注册表在本地系统中获取sql server实例名 private void LoadRegKey() { RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\M

我想知道是否有办法列出本地计算机上安装的SQL Server实例

SqlDataSourceEnumerator

和

EnumAvailableSqlServers

不需要使用本地网络上的实例，因此不需要使用此技巧。

您可以使用注册表在本地系统中获取sql server实例名

private void LoadRegKey()        
{            
    RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names");            
    foreach (string sk in key.GetSubKeyNames())            
    {                
      RegistryKey rkey = key.OpenSubKey(sk);                
      foreach (string s in rkey.GetValueNames())                
      {                    
         MessageBox.Show("Sql instance name:"+s);                
      }            
    }        
}

您可以使用

localOnly=True

public static DataTable EnumAvailableSqlServers(bool localOnly)

请参见

MS不建议直接访问Windows注册表，因为它们可以更改键/路径。但我同意SmoApplication.EnumAvailableSqlServers（）和SqlDataSourceEnumerator.Instance无法在64位平台上提供实例

要从Windows注册表获取数据，请记住x86和x64平台之间的注册表访问差异。64位版本的Windows将数据存储在系统注册表的不同部分，并将它们组合到视图中。因此，使用RegistryView至关重要

using Microsoft.Win32;

RegistryView registryView = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem ? RegistryView.Registry64 : RegistryView.Registry32;
using (RegistryKey hklm = RegistryKey.OpenBaseKey(RegistryHive.LocalMachine, registryView))
{
    RegistryKey instanceKey = hklm.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL", false);
    if (instanceKey != null)
    {
        foreach (var instanceName in instanceKey.GetValueNames())
        {
            Console.WriteLine(Environment.MachineName + @"\" + instanceName);
        }
    }
}

如果您正在寻找64位操作系统上的32位实例（非常奇怪，但也有可能），则需要查找：

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server

结合了几种方法：

using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.Win32;

namespace SqlServerEnumerator
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Dictionary<string, Func<List<string>>> methods = new Dictionary<string, Func<List<string>>>
            {
                {"CallSqlBrowser", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser},
                {"CallSqlWmi32", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32},
                {"CallSqlWmi64", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64},
                {"ReadRegInstalledInstances", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances},
                {"ReadRegInstanceNames", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames},
                {"CallSqlCmd", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlCmd},
            };

            Dictionary<string, List<string>> dictionary = methods
                .AsParallel()
                .ToDictionary(v => v.Key, v => v.Value().OrderBy(n => n, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase).ToList());

            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, List<string>> pair in dictionary)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("~~{0}~~", pair.Key));
                pair.Value.ForEach(v => Console.WriteLine(" " + v));
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue.");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser()
        {
            DataTable dt = SmoApplication.EnumAvailableSqlServers(true);
            return dt.Rows.Cast<DataRow>()
                .Select(v => v.Field<string>("Name"))
                .ToList();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32()
        {
            return LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture.Use32bit);
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64()
        {
            return LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture.Use64bit);
        }

        private static List<string> LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture providerArchitecture)
        {
            try
            {
                ManagedComputer managedComputer32 = new ManagedComputer();
                managedComputer32.ConnectionSettings.ProviderArchitecture = providerArchitecture;

                const string defaultSqlInstanceName = "MSSQLSERVER";
                return managedComputer32.ServerInstances.Cast<ServerInstance>()
                    .Select(v =>
                        (string.IsNullOrEmpty(v.Name) || string.Equals(v.Name, defaultSqlInstanceName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ?
                            v.Parent.Name : string.Format("{0}\\{1}", v.Parent.Name, v.Name))
                    .OrderBy(v => v, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                    .ToList();
            }
            catch (SmoException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                return new List<string>();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances()
        {
            try
            {
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\InstalledInstances
                string[] instances = null;
                using (RegistryKey rk = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server"))
                {
                    if (rk != null)
                    {
                        instances = (string[])rk.GetValue("InstalledInstances");
                    }

                    instances = instances ?? new string[] { };
                }

                return GetLocalSqlServerInstances(instances);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames()
        {
            try
            {
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL
                string[] instances = null;
                using (RegistryKey rk = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL"))
                {
                    if (rk != null)
                    {
                        instances = rk.GetValueNames();
                    }

                    instances = instances ?? new string[] { };
                }

                return GetLocalSqlServerInstances(instances);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstances(string[] instanceNames)
        {
            string machineName = Environment.MachineName;

            const string defaultSqlInstanceName = "MSSQLSERVER";
            return instanceNames
                .Select(v =>
                    (string.IsNullOrEmpty(v) || string.Equals(v, defaultSqlInstanceName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ?
                        machineName : string.Format("{0}\\{1}", machineName, v))
                .ToList();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlCmd()
        {
            try
            {
                // SQLCMD -L
                int exitCode;
                string output;
                CaptureConsoleAppOutput("SQLCMD.exe", "-L", 200, out exitCode, out output);

                if (exitCode == 0)
                {
                    string machineName = Environment.MachineName;

                    return output.Split(new[] { "\r\n", "\r", "\n" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
                        .Select(v => v.Trim())
                        .Where(v => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(v))
                        .Where(v => string.Equals(v, "(local)", StringComparison.Ordinal) || v.StartsWith(machineName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        .Select(v => string.Equals(v, "(local)", StringComparison.Ordinal) ? machineName : v)
                        .Distinct(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                        .ToList();
                }

                return new List<string>();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static void CaptureConsoleAppOutput(string exeName, string arguments, int timeoutMilliseconds, out int exitCode, out string output)
        {
            using (Process process = new Process())
            {
                process.StartInfo.FileName = exeName;
                process.StartInfo.Arguments = arguments;
                process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
                process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
                process.Start();

                output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();

                bool exited = process.WaitForExit(timeoutMilliseconds);
                if (exited)
                {
                    exitCode = process.ExitCode;
                }
                else
                {
                    exitCode = -1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

使用Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo；
使用Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi；
使用制度；
使用System.Collections.Generic；
使用系统数据；
使用系统诊断；
使用System.Linq；
使用Microsoft.Win32；
命名空间SqlServerEnumerator
{
班级计划
{
静态void Main（字符串[]参数）
{
字典方法=新字典
{
{“CallSqlBrowser”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser}，
{“CallSqlWmi32”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32}，
{“CallSqlWmi64”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64}，
{“ReadRegInstalledInstances”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances}，
{“ReadRegInstanceNames”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames}，
{“CallSqlCmd”，GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlCmd}，
};
字典=方法
.天冬酰胺（）
.ToDictionary（v=>v.Key，v=>v.Value（）.OrderBy（n=>n，StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase.ToList（））；
foreach（字典中的KeyValuePair对）
{
WriteLine（string.Format（“~{0}~~”，pair.Key））；
ForEach（v=>Console.WriteLine（“+v”）；
}
Console.WriteLine（“按任意键继续”）；
Console.ReadKey（）；
}
私有静态列表GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser（）
{
DataTable dt=SmoApplication.EnumAvailableSqlServers（true）；
返回dt.Rows.Cast（）
.选择（v=>v.Field（“名称”））
.ToList（）；
}
私有静态列表GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32（）
{
通过调用SQLWMI（ProviderArchitecture.Use32bit）返回LocalSQLServerInstances；
}
私有静态列表GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64（）
{
通过调用SQLWMI（ProviderArchitecture.Use64bit）返回LocalSQLServerInstances；
}
私有静态列表LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi（ProviderArchitecture ProviderArchitecture）
{
尝试
{
ManagedComputer managedComputer32=新的ManagedComputer（）；
managedComputer32.ConnectionSettings.ProviderArchitecture=ProviderArchitecture；
常量字符串defaultSqlInstanceName=“MSSQLSERVER”；
返回managedComputer32.ServerInstances.Cast（）
.选择（v=>
（string.IsNullOrEmpty（v.Name）| | string.Equals（v.Name，defaultSqlInstanceName，StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase））？
v、 Parent.Name:string.Format（“{0}\\{1}”，v.Parent.Name，v.Name））
.OrderBy（v=>v，StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase）
.ToList（）；
}
捕获（SMOEX）
{
控制台写入线（例如消息）；
返回新列表（）；
}
捕获（例外情况除外）
{
控制台写入线（ex）；
返回新列表（）；
}
}
私有静态列表GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances（）
{
尝试
{
//HKEY\U LOCAL\U MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\InstalledInstances
string[]实例=null；
使用（RegistryKey rk=Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey（@“SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server”））
{
如果（rk！=null）
{
实例=（字符串[]）rk.GetValue（“InstalledInstances”）；
}
实例=实例？？新字符串[]{}；
}
返回GetLocalSqlServerInstances（实例）；
}
捕获（例外情况除外）
{
控制台写入线（ex）；
返回新列表（）；
}
}
私有静态列表GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames（）
{
尝试
{
//HKEY\U LOCAL\U MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL
string[]实例=null；
使用（RegistryKey rk=Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey（@“软件\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL”））
{
如果（rk！=null）
{
实例=rk.GetValueNames（）；
}
实例=实例？？新字符串[]{}；
}
返回GetLocalSqlServerInstances（实例）；
}
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.Win32;

namespace SqlServerEnumerator
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Dictionary<string, Func<List<string>>> methods = new Dictionary<string, Func<List<string>>>
            {
                {"CallSqlBrowser", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser},
                {"CallSqlWmi32", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32},
                {"CallSqlWmi64", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64},
                {"ReadRegInstalledInstances", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances},
                {"ReadRegInstanceNames", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames},
                {"CallSqlCmd", GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlCmd},
            };

            Dictionary<string, List<string>> dictionary = methods
                .AsParallel()
                .ToDictionary(v => v.Key, v => v.Value().OrderBy(n => n, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase).ToList());

            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, List<string>> pair in dictionary)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("~~{0}~~", pair.Key));
                pair.Value.ForEach(v => Console.WriteLine(" " + v));
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue.");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlBrowser()
        {
            DataTable dt = SmoApplication.EnumAvailableSqlServers(true);
            return dt.Rows.Cast<DataRow>()
                .Select(v => v.Field<string>("Name"))
                .ToList();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi32()
        {
            return LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture.Use32bit);
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi64()
        {
            return LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture.Use64bit);
        }

        private static List<string> LocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlWmi(ProviderArchitecture providerArchitecture)
        {
            try
            {
                ManagedComputer managedComputer32 = new ManagedComputer();
                managedComputer32.ConnectionSettings.ProviderArchitecture = providerArchitecture;

                const string defaultSqlInstanceName = "MSSQLSERVER";
                return managedComputer32.ServerInstances.Cast<ServerInstance>()
                    .Select(v =>
                        (string.IsNullOrEmpty(v.Name) || string.Equals(v.Name, defaultSqlInstanceName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ?
                            v.Parent.Name : string.Format("{0}\\{1}", v.Parent.Name, v.Name))
                    .OrderBy(v => v, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                    .ToList();
            }
            catch (SmoException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                return new List<string>();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstalledInstances()
        {
            try
            {
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\InstalledInstances
                string[] instances = null;
                using (RegistryKey rk = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server"))
                {
                    if (rk != null)
                    {
                        instances = (string[])rk.GetValue("InstalledInstances");
                    }

                    instances = instances ?? new string[] { };
                }

                return GetLocalSqlServerInstances(instances);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByReadingRegInstanceNames()
        {
            try
            {
                // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL
                string[] instances = null;
                using (RegistryKey rk = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names\SQL"))
                {
                    if (rk != null)
                    {
                        instances = rk.GetValueNames();
                    }

                    instances = instances ?? new string[] { };
                }

                return GetLocalSqlServerInstances(instances);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstances(string[] instanceNames)
        {
            string machineName = Environment.MachineName;

            const string defaultSqlInstanceName = "MSSQLSERVER";
            return instanceNames
                .Select(v =>
                    (string.IsNullOrEmpty(v) || string.Equals(v, defaultSqlInstanceName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ?
                        machineName : string.Format("{0}\\{1}", machineName, v))
                .ToList();
        }

        private static List<string> GetLocalSqlServerInstancesByCallingSqlCmd()
        {
            try
            {
                // SQLCMD -L
                int exitCode;
                string output;
                CaptureConsoleAppOutput("SQLCMD.exe", "-L", 200, out exitCode, out output);

                if (exitCode == 0)
                {
                    string machineName = Environment.MachineName;

                    return output.Split(new[] { "\r\n", "\r", "\n" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
                        .Select(v => v.Trim())
                        .Where(v => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(v))
                        .Where(v => string.Equals(v, "(local)", StringComparison.Ordinal) || v.StartsWith(machineName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        .Select(v => string.Equals(v, "(local)", StringComparison.Ordinal) ? machineName : v)
                        .Distinct(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                        .ToList();
                }

                return new List<string>();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
                return new List<string>();
            }
        }

        private static void CaptureConsoleAppOutput(string exeName, string arguments, int timeoutMilliseconds, out int exitCode, out string output)
        {
            using (Process process = new Process())
            {
                process.StartInfo.FileName = exeName;
                process.StartInfo.Arguments = arguments;
                process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
                process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
                process.Start();

                output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();

                bool exited = process.WaitForExit(timeoutMilliseconds);
                if (exited)
                {
                    exitCode = process.ExitCode;
                }
                else
                {
                    exitCode = -1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

 public static string SetServer()
    {
        string serverName = @".\SQLEXPRESS";
        var serverNameList = SqlHelper.ListLocalSqlInstances();
        if (serverNameList != null)
        {
            foreach (var item in serverNameList)
                serverName = @"" + item;
        }
        return serverName;
    }