C# NET核心与.NET框架中HTTP上的SOAPAction
我在旧的应用程序中有以下代码:C# NET核心与.NET框架中HTTP上的SOAPAction,c#,.net,soap,.net-core,httpwebrequest,C#,.net,Soap,.net Core,Httpwebrequest,我在旧的应用程序中有以下代码: // send request HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); req.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=UTF-8"; req.Method = "POST"; req.Accept = "text/xml"; req.Headers.Add(Ht
// send request
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
req.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=UTF-8";
req.Method = "POST";
req.Accept = "text/xml";
req.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip,deflate");
req.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate;
var test = req.Headers.ToString();
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(SOAPaction))
req.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"\"");
else
req.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"" + SOAPaction + "\"");
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(req.GetRequestStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
{
xdoc.Save(writer, SaveOptions.DisableFormatting);
}
WebResponse response;
try
{
response = req.GetResponse();
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(response.ToString());
}
catch (WebException we)
{
if (we.Response.ContentType.StartsWith("text/xml", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
{
using (var stream = we.Response.GetResponseStream())
{
var xml = XDocument.Load(stream);
var fault = xml.Descendants().FirstOrDefault(e => e.Name.LocalName == "faultstring").Value;
throw new Exception("Error received when invoking the method: " + fault);
}
}
else
throw we;
}
我正试图将其移植到一个新的.NET核心应用程序,但在更改必要的头之后,我总是会收到错误:“远程服务器返回了一个错误:(500)内部服务器错误”,这并没有什么帮助。我知道HttpWebRequest在.NET Framework和.NET Core中的工作方式有所不同,但在.NET Core中设置了头之后,它应该会进行相同的调用,我想?我不确定服务器为什么会拒绝它,因为我觉得您的请求代码很好。
(500)内部服务器错误是服务器端错误。大多数情况下,它来自于请求主体、标题或url本身,服务器拒绝了它。因此,您需要从url开始调试。我发现有时必须在url末尾指定?WSDL
,如果未指定,它将返回500内部服务器错误
。所以,先检查一下这个。如果问题仍然存在,请检查正文并在测试工具(如SoapUI
或Postman
)上进行测试,确保它使用的内容和标题与您在请求中使用的内容和标题相同
另外,我建议改为移动到HttpClient
(因为它已经被移动到了,如果可能的话。因为HttpWebRequest
是一个死区。HttpClient
是建立在它之上的,它比传统的HttpWebRequest
更好,也更易于维护(另外它是用async
开箱即用的方式构建的)
如果您坚持使用HttpWebRequest
,那么您可以实现自己的类,这将使维护更容易。我已经为我以前的项目专门为Soap API及其信封构建了一个小而基本的类。因为我不想在每个类似的项目上重写相同的内容。我希望它会有用:
Soap API类
public class SoapAPI : IDisposable
{
// Requirements for Soap API
private const string SoapAction = "SOAPAction";
private const string SoapContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
private const string SoapAccept = "text/xml";
private const string SoapMethod = "POST";
private HttpWebRequest _request;
private SoapEnvelope _soapEnvelope;
public class SoapAPIResponse
{
private readonly SoapAPI _instance;
public SoapAPIResponse(SoapAPI instance)
{
_instance = instance;
}
public HttpWebResponse AsWebResponse()
{
try
{
_instance.SendRequest(_instance._soapEnvelope.GetEnvelope());
return (HttpWebResponse)_instance._request.GetResponse();
}
catch (WebException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
public StreamReader AsStreamReader()
{
return new StreamReader(AsHttpWebResponse().GetResponseStream());
}
public string AsString()
{
return AsStreamReader().ReadToEnd();
}
}
public SoapAPI(string url, SoapEnvelope envelope)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(url)); }
if (envelope == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(envelope)); }
// some Soap Services requires to target the xml schema ?wsdl at the end of the url, just uncomment if needed.
// url = url.LastIndexOf("?WSDL", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) > 0 ? url : $"{url}?WSDL";
_request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(url));
_request.Headers.Clear();
_request.Headers.Add(SoapAction, envelope.SoapActionName);
_request.ContentType = SoapContentType;
_request.Accept = SoapAccept;
_request.Method = SoapMethod;
// optimizations
_request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = 8;
_request.Proxy = null;
_request.KeepAlive = true;
_request.ReadWriteTimeout = 300000;
// envelope
_soapEnvelope = envelope;
}
public SoapAPI AddHeader(string name, string value)
{
_request.Headers.Add(name, value);
return this;
}
public SoapAPI AddHeader(HttpRequestHeader header, string value)
{
_request.Headers.Add(header, value);
return this;
}
public SoapAPI AddCompressionMethod(DecompressionMethods methods)
{
_request.AutomaticDecompression = methods;
return this;
}
private void SendRequest(object obj)
{
using StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(_request.GetRequestStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
sw.Write(obj);
}
public SoapAPIResponse GetResponse()
{
return new SoapAPIResponse(this);
}
#region IDisposable
private bool _disposed = false;
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!_disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
_request = null;
_soapEnvelope = null;
}
_disposed = true;
}
}
~SoapAPI()
{
Dispose(false);
}
#endregion
}
SoapEnvelope类
public class SoapEnvelope : IDisposable
{
private XDocument _envelope;
public XNamespace SoapNamespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/";
public XNamespace SoapActionNamespace { get; }
public string SoapActionName { get; }
public SoapEnvelope(XNamespace actionNamespace, string actionName)
{
if (actionNamespace == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(actionNamespace)); }
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(actionName)) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(actionName)); }
SoapActionNamespace = actionNamespace;
SoapActionName = actionName;
CreateEnvelope();
}
private void CreateEnvelope()
{
_envelope = new XDocument(
new XElement(SoapNamespace + "Envelope",
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "soapenv", SoapNamespace),
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + SoapActionName, SoapActionNamespace),
new XElement(SoapNamespace + "Header"),
new XElement(SoapNamespace + "Body")
)
);
}
public SoapEnvelope AddHeaderElement(XElement elements)
{
_envelope.Root.Element(SoapNamespace + "Header").Add(elements);
return this;
}
public SoapEnvelope AddBodyElement(XElement elements)
{
_envelope.Root.Element(SoapNamespace + "Body").Add(elements);
return this;
}
public XDocument GetEnvelope()
{
return _envelope;
}
public bool IsValidXml(string xml)
{
try
{
XmlConvert.VerifyXmlChars(xml);
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
}
#region IDisposable
private bool _disposed = false;
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!_disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
_envelope = null;
SoapNamespace = null;
}
_disposed = true;
}
}
~SoapEnvelope()
{
Dispose(false);
}
#endregion
}
以下是基本用法:
WebResponse response; // will hold the response.
XNamespace actionNamespace = "http://xxxx"; // the namespace
var SoapAction = ""; //the action value
var envelope =
new SoapEnvelope(actionNamespace, SoapAction)
.AddBodyElement(new XElement(...));
using (var request = new SoapAPI(url, envelope))
{
response = request
.AddCompressionMethod(DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate)
.AddHeader(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip,deflate")
.GetResponse()
.AsWebResponse(); // you can get the respnse as StreamReader, WebResponse, and String
}
查看服务器日志以了解有关500的更多详细信息。如果不可用,请检查innerexception和客户端的其他异常详细信息。ssl?“tls客户端版本”?我无法访问服务器日志。innerexception为null,客户端SecurityProtocol设置为SecurityProtocolType.Tls12。这是在.NET F上手动完成的框架应用程序,在.NET Core中可以工作并且应该是默认的,但是当我手动设置它时,它不会改变任何东西。尝试添加:req.ProtocolVersion=HttpVersion.Version10;如果它是旧代码,它可能使用http 1.0,而不是默认的http 1.1。这不起作用。我还在.NET Framework中的旧版本/工作版本中尝试了它给出版本10和版本11的正确响应