C#：如何从类内部写入类？

我试图创建一个类，该类可以通过使用.NET XmlSerializer类在XML文件中对自身进行序列化和反序列化。我已经有了save功能（“SaveSettings”）来工作，但是加载功能并不是那么简单

目前，我必须将类变量的引用传递给函数，以使加载函数正常工作（“LoadSettings2”），理想的做法是只使用“this”关键字（“LoadSettings”）是否创建只需要传递文件路径的LoadSettings函数

Program.cs：

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        ApplicationSettings appSet = new ApplicationSettings();
        appSet.SourceDirectory = "here";
        appSet.DestinationDirectory = "there";

        appSet.SaveSettings(@"C:\Users\Connor\Desktop\Folder A\a.xml");
        //appSet.LoadSettings(@"C:\Users\Connor\Desktop\Folder A\a.xml"); //Doesn't work
        appSet.LoadSettings2(ref appSet, @"C:\Users\Connor\Desktop\Folder A\a.xml");
    }
}

ApplicationSettings.cs：

public class ApplicationSettings
{
    //Serialized
    public string SourceDirectory;
    public string DestinationDirectory;

    //Not Serialized
    public void SaveSettings(string filePath)
    {
        XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
        StreamWriter strWrite = new StreamWriter(filePath);

        XSerializer.Serialize(strWrite, this);
        strWrite.Close();
    }

    public void LoadSettings(string filePath)
    {
        XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
        StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);

        //Ideal but will not work
        //this = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);
        strRead.Close();
    }

    public void LoadSettings2(ref ApplicationSettings appSettings, string filePath)
    {
        XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
        StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);

        appSettings = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);
        strRead.Close();
    }
}

-

--答复---

---

通过执行“David M”建议的成员对成员的复制使其正常工作，但通过使用System.Reflection实现，这意味着没有使用变量名。我相信只有公共变量被复制，类需要更多的测试。执行10k迭代大约需要1.8秒

public void LoadSettings(string filePath)
{
    XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
    StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);
    ApplicationSettings settingsRead = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);

    foreach (var field in typeof(ApplicationSettings).GetFields())
    {
        field.SetValue(this, field.GetValue(settingsRead));
    }

    strRead.Close();
}

public void LoadSettings(string filePath)
{
    XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
    StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);
    ApplicationSettings settingsRead = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);

    foreach (var field in typeof(ApplicationSettings).GetFields())
    {
        field.SetValue(this, field.GetValue(settingsRead));
    }

    strRead.Close();
}

---

改为使用静态工厂方法：

public static ApplicationSettings LoadSettings(string filePath)
{
    XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
    using (StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath))
    {
        var result = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);
    }
    return result;
}

---

否则，您必须反序列化到另一个实例，然后逐个成员将值复制到当前实例。注意：最好使用

块作为
StreamReader
-调用
Dispose
将确保释放文件句柄。
为什么不使用
LoadSettings（）
静态

方法并这样调用它：

ApplicationSettings applicationSettings = ApplicationSettings.LoadSettings();

---

通过执行“David M”建议的成员对成员的复制使其正常工作，但通过使用System.Reflection实现，这意味着没有使用变量名。我相信只有公共变量被复制，类需要更多的测试。执行10k迭代大约需要1.8秒

public void LoadSettings(string filePath)
{
    XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
    StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);
    ApplicationSettings settingsRead = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);

    foreach (var field in typeof(ApplicationSettings).GetFields())
    {
        field.SetValue(this, field.GetValue(settingsRead));
    }

    strRead.Close();
}

public void LoadSettings(string filePath)
{
    XmlSerializer XSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationSettings));
    StreamReader strRead = new StreamReader(filePath);
    ApplicationSettings settingsRead = (ApplicationSettings)XSerializer.Deserialize(strRead);

    foreach (var field in typeof(ApplicationSettings).GetFields())
    {
        field.SetValue(this, field.GetValue(settingsRead));
    }

    strRead.Close();
}

---

我是从程序员的角度来看的，拥有调用load和save函数的相同方法是理想的。我正在考虑将其设置为OO，这样它就可以成为一个基类，由其他设置类继承（我不知道这是否可能，更好地理解OO内容只是一个有趣的项目想法。）但对于回答我最初的问题，是的，你是对的，谢谢。如果你使用了属性而不是字段，它们将被序列化。