C# 为什么一个顶点的着色与其他顶点不同?
我遇到的问题是,每个面的一个顶点总是以不同于其他顶点的方式进行着色(其他顶点亮起时为暗,其他顶点暗起时为亮)。我怀疑法线计算不正确,但我画了它们,它们都指向外垂直于曲面,就像在逐顶点照明中所假设的那样(或者我的假设是错误的) 以下是我绘制简单四边金字塔的代码:C# 为什么一个顶点的着色与其他顶点不同?,c#,opengl,opentk,C#,Opengl,Opentk,我遇到的问题是,每个面的一个顶点总是以不同于其他顶点的方式进行着色(其他顶点亮起时为暗,其他顶点暗起时为亮)。我怀疑法线计算不正确,但我画了它们,它们都指向外垂直于曲面,就像在逐顶点照明中所假设的那样(或者我的假设是错误的) 以下是我绘制简单四边金字塔的代码: static float anglea = 0f; /// <summary>Creates a 800x600 window with the specified title.</summary>
static float anglea = 0f;
/// <summary>Creates a 800x600 window with the specified title.</summary>
public Program() : base(800, 600, GraphicsMode.Default, "OpenTK Quick Start Sample")
{
VSync = VSyncMode.On;
}
/// <summary>Load resources here.</summary>
/// <param name="e">Not used.</param>
protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnLoad(e);
GL.ClearColor(0.1f, 0.2f, 0.5f, 0.0f);
GL.Enable(EnableCap.DepthTest);
GL.Enable(EnableCap.Lighting);
GL.Enable(EnableCap.Light0);
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack, MaterialParameter.Ambient, new float[] { 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f });
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack, MaterialParameter.Diffuse, new float[] { 0.2f, 0.7f, 0.2f, 0f });
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack, MaterialParameter.Specular, new float[] { 0.2f, 0.7f, 0.2f, 0f });
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack, MaterialParameter.Shininess, 100f);
GL.Light(LightName.Light0, LightParameter.Ambient, new float[] { 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f });
GL.Light(LightName.Light0, LightParameter.Diffuse, new float[] { 1f, 1f, 1f, 0f });
GL.Light(LightName.Light0, LightParameter.Specular, new float[] { 0.2f, 0.7f, 0.2f, 0f });
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when your window is resized. Set your viewport here. It is also
/// a good place to set up your projection matrix (which probably changes
/// along when the aspect ratio of your window).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">Not used.</param>
protected override void OnResize(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnResize(e);
GL.Viewport(ClientRectangle.X, ClientRectangle.Y, ClientRectangle.Width, ClientRectangle.Height);
Matrix4 projection = Matrix4.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView((float)Math.PI / 4, Width / (float)Height, 1.0f, 64.0f);
GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Projection);
GL.LoadMatrix(ref projection);
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when it is time to setup the next frame. Add you game logic here.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">Contains timing information for framerate independent logic.</param>
protected override void OnUpdateFrame(FrameEventArgs e)
{
base.OnUpdateFrame(e);
if (Keyboard[Key.Escape])
Exit();
if (Keyboard[Key.Left])
anglea -= 1.5f;
if (Keyboard[Key.Right])
anglea += 1.5f;
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when it is time to render the next frame. Add your rendering code here.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">Contains timing information.</param>
protected override void OnRenderFrame(FrameEventArgs e)
{
base.OnRenderFrame(e);
GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit);
//Matrix4 modelview = Matrix4.LookAt(Vector3.Zero, Vector3.UnitZ, Vector3.UnitY);
Matrix4 modelview = Matrix4.LookAt(0f, 0f, 8f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f);
GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Modelview);
GL.LoadMatrix(ref modelview);
GL.Light(LightName.Light0, LightParameter.Position, new float[] { 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f });
GL.Rotate(anglea, -Vector3.UnitY);
Vector3 a, b, c, n;
List<Vector3> tocke = new List<Vector3>();
List<Vector3> normale = new List<Vector3>();
//front face
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
b = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
c = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
n = Vector3.Cross(new Vector3(a) - new Vector3(b), new Vector3(b) - new Vector3(c));
n.Normalize();
tocke.Add(a);
tocke.Add(b);
tocke.Add(c);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
GL.Vertex3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//left face
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
b = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
c = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
n = Vector3.Cross(new Vector3(a) - new Vector3(b), new Vector3(b) - new Vector3(c));
n.Normalize();
tocke.Add(a);
tocke.Add(b);
tocke.Add(c);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
GL.Vertex3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//back face
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
b = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
c = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
n = Vector3.Cross(new Vector3(a) - new Vector3(b), new Vector3(b) - new Vector3(c));
n.Normalize();
tocke.Add(a);
tocke.Add(b);
tocke.Add(c);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
GL.Vertex3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//right face
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
b = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
c = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
n = Vector3.Cross(new Vector3(a) - new Vector3(b), new Vector3(b) - new Vector3(c));
n.Normalize();
tocke.Add(a);
tocke.Add(b);
tocke.Add(c);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
normale.Add(n);
GL.Vertex3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//Drawing normals
for (int i = 0; i < tocke.Count; i++)
{
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Lines);
GL.Vertex3(tocke[i]);
GL.Vertex3(tocke[i] + normale[i]);
GL.End();
}
SwapBuffers();
}
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
// The 'using' idiom guarantees proper resource cleanup.
// We request 30 UpdateFrame events per second, and unlimited
// RenderFrame events (as fast as the computer can handle).
using (Program game = new Program())
{
game.Run(30.0);
}
}
静态浮动角度a=0f;
///创建具有指定标题的800x600窗口。
publicprogram():base(800600,GraphicsMode.Default,“OpenTK快速入门示例”)
{
VSync=VSyncMode.On;
}
///在这里加载资源。
///没有用。
受保护的覆盖无效加载(事件参数e)
{
基础荷载(e);
GL.ClearColor(0.1f、0.2f、0.5f、0.0f);
总账启用(启用CAP.深度测试);
总账启用(启用上限照明);
总账启用(启用CAP.Light0);
GL.材料(材料前、后、材料参数、环境、新浮子[]{0f、0f、0f、0f});
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack,MaterialParameter.Diffuse,new float[]{0.2f,0.7f,0.2f,0f});
GL.Material(MaterialFace.FrontAndBack,MaterialParameter.Specular,new float[]{0.2f,0.7f,0.2f,0f});
GL.材料(材料正面和背面,材料参数,光泽度,100f);
GL.Light(LightName.Light0,LightParameter.Ambient,新float[]{0f,0f,0f,0f});
GL.Light(LightName.Light0,LightParameter.Diffuse,新float[]{1f,1f,1f,0f});
GL.Light(LightName.Light0,LightParameter.Specular,新浮点[]{0.2f,0.7f,0.2f,0f});
}
///
///调整窗口大小时调用。在此处设置视口。也是
///设置投影矩阵的好地方(可能会发生变化
///当窗口的纵横比增大时)。
///
///没有用。
受保护的覆盖void OnResize(事件参数e)
{
基数(e);
GL.视口(ClientRectangle.X、ClientRectangle.Y、ClientRectangle.Width、ClientRectangle.Height);
Matrix4 projection=Matrix4.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView((float)Math.PI/4,宽度/(float)高度,1.0f,64.0f);
GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Projection);
总帐负荷矩阵(参考投影);
}
///
///在设置下一帧时调用。在这里添加游戏逻辑。
///
///包含与帧率无关的逻辑的计时信息。
受保护的覆盖无效OnUpdate帧(FrameEventArgs e)
{
基础.更新帧(e);
if(键盘[Key.Escape])
退出();
if(键盘[左键])
角度A-=1.5f;
如果(键盘[右键])
角度A+=1.5f;
}
///
///在渲染下一帧时调用。在此处添加渲染代码。
///
///包含计时信息。
RenderFrame上受保护的覆盖无效(FrameEventArgs e)
{
基于渲染帧(e);
GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit);
//Matrix4 modelview=Matrix4.LookAt(Vector3.Zero,Vector3.UnitZ,Vector3.UnitY);
Matrix4 modelview=Matrix4.LookAt(0f、0f、8f、0f、0f、0f、0f、1f、0f);
GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Modelview);
总帐负荷矩阵(参考模型视图);
GL.Light(LightName.Light0,LightParameter.Position,新浮点[]{0f,0f,1f,0f});
GL.旋转(角度A,-矢量3.单位);
向量3 a,b,c,n;
List tocke=新列表();
列表法线=新列表();
//正面
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a=新矢量3(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);
b=新矢量3(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);
c=新矢量3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
n=向量3.交叉(新向量3(a)-新向量3(b),新向量3(b)-新向量3(c));
n、 规范化();
tocke.加入(a);
tocke.添加(b);
tocke.添加(c);
加(n);
加(n);
加(n);
GL.顶点3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//左脸
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a=新矢量3(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
b=新矢量3(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);
c=新矢量3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
n=向量3.交叉(新向量3(a)-新向量3(b),新向量3(b)-新向量3(c));
n、 规范化();
tocke.加入(a);
tocke.添加(b);
tocke.添加(c);
加(n);
加(n);
加(n);
GL.顶点3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//背面
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a=新矢量3(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
b=新矢量3(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
c=新矢量3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
n=向量3.交叉(新向量3(a)-新向量3(b),新向量3(b)-新向量3(c));
n、 规范化();
tocke.加入(a);
tocke.添加(b);
tocke.添加(c);
加(n);
加(n);
加(n);
GL.顶点3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.End();
//右脸
GL.Begin(BeginMode.Triangles);
a=新矢量3(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);
b=新矢量3(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
c=新矢量3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
n=向量3.交叉(新向量3(a)-新向量3(b),新向量3(b)-新向量3(c));
n、 规范化();
tocke.加入(a);
tocke.添加(b);
tocke.添加(c);
加(n);
加(n);
加(n);
GL.顶点3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.顶点3(c);
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GL.Vertex3(a);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(b);
GL.Normal3(n);
GL.Vertex3(c);
GL.Normal3(n);